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21.
丁青蛇绿岩体位于班公湖—怒江缝合带东段,该缝合带与雅鲁藏布江缝合带并列,是寻找我国铬铁矿床的重要地区。该蛇绿岩体呈近南东向展布,总面积近600 km2,主要由地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩、玄武岩、斜长花岗岩、硅质岩和泥质岩组成。根据空间分布,丁青蛇绿岩分为东、西两个岩体。在前人工作基础上,通过地质填图、实测剖面、探槽和钻孔编录,共发现豆荚状铬铁矿矿点83处,其中东岩体27处,西岩体56处。根据铬铁矿产出和围岩特征,丁青铬铁矿可分为4种产出类型。类型I:矿体呈脉状产出,围岩为条带状或透镜状纯橄榄岩和块状方辉橄榄岩;类型II:矿体呈透镜状、豆荚状或不规则团块状产出,围岩为薄壳状纯橄榄岩和斑杂状或块状方辉橄榄岩;类型III:矿体呈浸染状弥散分布于纯橄榄岩中,围岩为条带状纯橄榄岩和块状或斑杂状方辉橄榄岩;类型IV:矿体呈条带状产出,围岩为条带状或透镜状纯橄榄岩和具定向结构的方辉橄榄岩。根据矿石构造特征,主要分为块状、脉状、浸染状、浸染条带状4种类型。块状和脉状铬铁矿为矿石的主要类型,少量为浸染状和浸染条带状,局部纯橄榄岩中发育极少量瘤状或豆状构造。本研究选择了13处代表性铬铁矿点开展了详细的岩石学、矿相学、矿物学和矿物化学等工作。根据矿石中铬尖晶石的矿物化学特征,可将丁青铬铁矿矿体分为高铬(Cr#=78～86)、中高铬(Cr#=60～74)、中铬(Cr#2=30～51)和低铬(Cr#=9～14)4种类型(Cr#=100×Cr/(Cr+Al))。丁青东岩体赋存有中高铬型和中铬型铬铁矿,缺少高铬型铬铁矿;西岩体赋存有高铬型和中铬型铬铁矿,缺少中高铬型铬铁矿。同时在丁青东、西岩体内均发现存在一种Cr#极低的铬铁矿,暂定为"低铬型铬铁矿"。这些不同类型的铬铁矿体与野外产出有一定的对应关系,也可能后者制约了它们的成因。与罗布莎岩体中的典型高铬型铬铁矿对比,丁青豆荚状铬铁矿在矿物组合和矿物化学成分等方面具有许多相似性,认为存在较大的找矿空间。 相似文献
22.
WU Weiwei YANG Jingsui MA Changqian MILUSHI Ibrahim LIAN Dongyang TIAN Yazhou 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(3):882-897
In recent years diamonds and other unusual minerals(carbides,nitrides,metal alloys and native elements) have been recovered from mantle peridotites and chromitites(both high-Cr chromitites and high-Al chromitites) from a number of ophiolites of different ages and tectonic settings.Here we report a similar assemblage of minerals from the Skenderbeu massif of the Mirdita zone ophiolite,west Albania.So far,more than 20 grains of microdiamonds and 30 grains of moissanites(SiC) have been separated from the podiform chromitite.The diamonds are mostly light yellow,transparent,euhedral crystals,200~300 μm across,with a range of morphologies;some are octahedral and cuboctahedron and others are elongate and irregular.Secondary electron images show that some grains have well-developed striatums.All the diamond grains have been analyzed and yielded typical Raman spectra with a shift at ~1325 cm~(-1).The moissanite grains recovered from the Skenderbeu chromitites are mainly light blue to dark blue,but some are yellow to light yeUow.All the analyzed grains have typical Raman spectra with shifts at 766 cm~(-1),787 cm~(-1),and 967 cm~(-1).The energy spectrums of the moissanites confirm that the grains are composed entirely of silicon and carbon.This investigation expands the occurrence of diamonds and moissanites to Mesozoic ophiolites in the Neo-Tethys.Our new findings suggest that diamonds and moissanites are present,and probably ubiquitous in the oceanic mantle and can provide new perspectives and avenues for research on the origin of ophiolites and podiform chromitites. 相似文献
23.
The Amnay Ophiolitic Complex in Mindoro, the Philippines, is considered an emplaced Cenozoic South China Sea oceanic lithosphere as a result of the collision between the Palawan microcontinental block and the Philippine mobile belt. Middle Oligocene sedimentary rocks intercalated with dominantly MORB-like pillow lavas and volcanic flows suggest the generation of this ophiolite complex in an intermediate spreading ridge within a back-arc basin setting. The volcanic rock suite geochemistry also manifests a slab component suggesting that it is a supra-subduction zone ophiolite. Petrography of the gabbros shows a plagioclase-clinopyroxene crystallization order consistent with a back-arc basin setting. Spinel and pyroxene geochemistry shows that the lherzolites and aluminous-spinel harzburgites are products of low degrees of partial melting. The chromitites hosted by the harzburgites could have not been associated with the MORB-like volcanic suites, gabbros, lherzolites and aluminous-spinel harzburgites. The chromitites are products of mantle sources that have undergone higher degrees of partial melting that would have involved the presence of water. The study of this ophiolitic complex gives us a glimpse of the characteristics of the South China Sea. 相似文献
24.
Xu Xiangzhen Yang Jingsui Chen Songyong Fang Qingsong Bai Wenji Ba Dengzhu 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(2)
A wide variety of unusual mantle has been reported from podiform chromitite orebodies Cr-31 and Cr-74 in the Luobusa (罗布莎) ophiolite, Tibet. A detailed investigation of chromitite ore-body Cr-11, located in the Kangjinla (康金拉) district at the eastern end of the ophiolite, has revealed many of the same minerals, including diamond, moissanite, and some native elements, alloys, oxides, sulphides, silicates, carbonates, and tungstates. This orebody is particularly rich in diamonds, with over 1 000 grains recovered from about 1 100 kg sample of chromitite. More detailed studies and experi-ments are needed to understand the origin and significance of these unusual minerals because they have not been found in situ. It is a great breakthrough in mineralogical research that we have picked up more than 40 kinds of minerals from the Kangjinla chromite deposit in Luobusa. It is notable that a large amount of diamonds were firstly discovered from the Kangjinla chromite deposit as well as many other unusual minerals, such as moissanites, rutiles, native irons, and metal alloys. Especially, that diamond was found again in different chromitites In the same ophiolite belt provided new key evidence for discussing the origin of the diamond and the hosted ehromitite and ophiolite. The mantle mineral group in Tibet has great significance in mineralogy and geodynamics. 相似文献
25.
Abstract: Ru–Os–Ir alloys have been found in two podiform chromitites located at the Chiroro and Bankei mines in the Sarugawa peridotite complex in the Kamuikotan zone, Hokkaido, Japan. This is the first report on the occurrence of PGM (= platinum-group minerals) from chromitites in Japan. The Ru–Os–Ir alloys most typically form polyhedra associated with other minerals (Ni–Fe alloys and heazlewoodite) in chromian spinel. The PGM are possibly pseudomorphs after some primary PGM such as laurite and are chemically highly inhomogeneous, indicating a low-temperature alteration origin. This is consistent with intense alteration (formation of serpentine, uvarovite and kämmererite) imposed on the Kamuikotan chromitites. High-temperature primary PGE (platinum–group elements)–bearing sulfides were possibly recrystallized at low temperatures into a new assemblage of PGM, Ni-Fe alloys and sulfides. Placer PGM around the peridotite complexes are chemically different from the PGM in dunite and chromitite possibly due to the, as yet, incomplete search for the rock-hosted PGM. The PGE content in chromitites is distinctly higher in those in the Kamuikotan zone than in those in the Sangun zone of Southwest Japan, consistent with the more refractory nature (Cr# of spinel, up to 0.8) of the former than the latter (Cr# of spinel, 0.5). 相似文献
26.
Mineral chemistry and petrogenesis of chromitites from the Khoy ophiolite complex,Northwestern Iran: Implications for aggregation of two ophiolites 
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下载免费PDF全文 Fatemeh Zaeimnia Ali Kananian Shoji Arai Mirsaleh Mirmohammadi Ali Imamalipour Mohamed Zaki Khedr Makoto Miura Khadidja Abbou‐Kebir 《Island Arc》2017,26(6)
The Khoy ophiolitic complex in Northwestern Iran is a part of the Tethyan ophiolite belt, and is divided into two sections: the Eastern ophiolite in Qeshlaq and Kalavanes (Jurassic–Cretaceous) and the Western ophiolite in Barajouk, Chuchak and Hessar (Late Cretaceous). Our chromitites can be clearly classified into two groups: high‐Al chromitites (Cr# = 0.38–0.44) from the Eastern ophiolite, and high‐Cr chromitites (Cr# = 0.54–0.72) from the Western ophiolite. The chromian spinels in high‐Al chromitite include primary mineral inclusions mainly as Na‐bearing diopside and pargasite with subordinate rutile and their formation was probably related to reaction between a MORB (mid‐ocean‐ridge basalt)‐like melt with depleted harzburgite, possibly in a back‐arc setting. Their host harzburgites contain clinopyroxene with higher contents of Al2O3, Na2O, Cr2O3, and TiO2 relative to Western harzburgites and are possibly residue after moderate partial melting (~15 %) whereas the Western harzburgite is residue after high partial melting (~25 %). The chromian spinel in the Western Khoy chromitites contains inclusions such as clinopyroxene, olivine and platinum group mineral‐bearing sulfides. These Western chromitites were possibly formed at two stages during arc growth and are divided into the moderately high‐Cr# chromitites (Barajouk and Hessar) and the high‐Cr# chromitites (Chuchak A and C). The former crystallized from island‐arc‐tholeiite (IAT) melts during reaction with the host depleted harzburgites, whereas the latter crystallized from boninitic melts (second stage melt) during reaction with highly depleted harzburgite in a supra‐subduction‐zone environment. Based on the mineral chemistry of chromian spinels, pyroxenes, and mineral inclusions, the chromitites and the host peridotites from the Eastern and Western Khoy ophiolites were formed in a back‐arc basin and arc‐related setting, respectively. The Khoy ophiolitic complex is a tectonic aggregate of the two different ophiolites formed in two different tectonic settings at different ages. 相似文献
27.
蛇绿岩型金刚石产在地幔橄榄岩和铬铁矿中,是新建立的金刚石产出类型,不同于产在金伯利岩和超高压变质岩中的金刚石。全球已在21个蛇绿岩中发现了该类金刚石,含金刚石的蛇绿岩主要分布在特提斯造山带、乌拉尔- 中亚造山带、日高变质岩带和北美克拉马斯- 阿卡特兰造山带。本文梳理了含金刚石蛇绿岩的全球分布和地质背景以及蛇绿岩中超高压－强还原矿物与其它壳幔矿物组合的特征,讨论了已有的含金刚石铬铁矿和地幔橄榄岩的四种成因机制。金刚石和伴生的超高压－强还原矿物组合产在不同时代的造山带蛇绿岩中,不仅仅揭示了金刚石在蛇绿岩中普遍存在,需要重新思考蛇绿岩和铬铁矿的成因以及它们形成的地质构造背景,还证实了蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩和铬铁矿是地球深部矿物重要的储存库,为认识地球深部的物质组成和物理化学环境,以及深部物质运移的轨迹和动力学过程等提供了天然样品。 相似文献
28.
对遵化豆荚状铬铁矿中250个铬铁矿豆体的形态、大小、向椭球体转变的程度等统计分析表明,豆体在上升期间与岩浆作用的过程中伴有由等轴体(近似为球体)向椭球体转变的过程。其主要原因是豆体在相对岩浆运动的过程中,豆体的表面与岩浆之间的粘滞摩擦造成的。粘滞摩擦力的大小、作用于豆体表面的时间又取决于岩浆的粘度、豆体相对于岩浆的沉降速度、豆体半径的大小及岩浆上升的速度,所以这些因素将决定豆体变形(磨蚀、椭球化)的程度。因此,可用豆体与岩浆相互作用的物理过程来模拟豆体的变形特点,而反过来据实测的豆体变形程度数据又可推算岩浆真实的上升速度。 相似文献
29.
根据岩石类型和地质产状,本文提供的稀土元素地球化学样品可分三组。通过(Ce)_N(Yb)_N变异图解和定量模式约束,第一组属轻稀土亏损型配分型式,在同源地幔条件下可形成一个密切相关的残余地幔岩组。与第二组和第三组所代表的两次岩浆事件相互印证。根据实验和定量模式计算,笔者提出底辟上涌地幔两期熔融。并运用稀土元素资料,建立了岩石成因的若干判别准则。 相似文献
30.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(9):1105-1123
ABSTRACTA chromite deposit was discovered in the Kudi ophiolite in the Palaeozoic western Kunlun orogenic belt. Chromite forms elongated (<2 m in width) and banded chromitite bodies (<0.1 m in width for each band) in dunite and podiform chromitite bodies (<1.5 m in width) in harzburgite. Dunite is classified into two types. Type I dunite hosting massive and banded chromitites shows low Fo in olivine (88.1–90.9), moderate Cr# [=Cr/(Cr + Al), 0.47–0.56] in chromite, and a positively sloped primitive mantle-normalized platinum group elements (PGE) pattern, suggesting that it is a cumulate of a mafic melt. Harzburgite and type II dunite show olivine with high Fo (>91.1) and chromite with moderate to high Cr# (0.44–0.61), and flat to negatively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE patterns, indicating that they are residual mantle peridotite after partial melting. Chromite in all three types of chromitites has relatively uniform moderate values Cr# ranging from 0.43 to 0.56. Massive chromitite contains euhedral chromite with high TiO2 (0.40–0.43 wt.%) and has a positively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE pattern, suggesting that it represents a cumulate of a melt. Rocks containing disseminated and banded chromite show overall low total PGE, < 117 ppb, and a negatively sloped primitive mantle-normalized PGE pattern. Chromite grains in these two types of occurrences are irregular in shape and enclose olivine grains, suggesting that chromite formed later than olivine. We suggest that chromite-oversaturated melt penetrated into the pre-existing dunite and crystallized chromite. The oxygen fugacity (fO2 values of chromitites and peridotites are high, ranging from FMQ+0.8 (0.8 logarithmic unit above the fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer) to FMQ+2.3 for chromitites and from FMQ+0.9 to FMQ+2.8 for peridotites (dunite and harzburgite). The mineral compositions and high fO2 values as well as estimated parental magma compositions of the chromitites suggest that the Kudi ophiolite formed in a sub-arc setting. 相似文献