准噶尔盆地烃源岩的热谱分析研究          下载免费PDF全文

惠荣耀  钱吉盛 《地质科学》1992,(4):379-390

根据1090热分析系统所得的DTG曲线可区分干酪根类型。用DSC法测定干酪根脂碳率和芳碳率,可研究有机质结构演化并估算生油气量。准噶尔盆地油气源层主要有上二叠系、上三叠系、中下侏罗系和下第三系。以上二叠系最佳,凹陷中部为腐泥型,生气能力为腐殖型的一倍多。侏罗系褐煤生油气量为壳质组>镜质组>惰性组。热谱法用样少,时间短,重复性好,是一种综合性的快速评价方法。  相似文献   

盐湖形成过程中银的迁移形式及富集条件   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

郑大中 《盐湖研究》1994,2(2):28-35

本文研究了盐湖形成过程中银的迁移形式及富集条件．在热液中银主要以Ａｇ（ＨＳ）￣－＿２·Ａｇ（ＮＨ３）·ＡｇＣｌ络合物形式迁移；在表生条件下银主要以Ａｇ（Ｓ２Ｏ３）络合物形式迁移．它们在盐湖中被演化为ＡｇＣｌ络合物，由于湖水大量蒸发、盐类大量结晶析出，导致盐湖卤水中银的富集．  相似文献   

Early Paleozoic paleogeography of the northern Gondwana margin: new evidence for Ordovician-Silurian glaciation     

A.-K. Semtner  E. Klitzsch 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1994,83(4):743-751

During the Early Paleozoic, transgressions and the distribution of sedimentary facies on the northern Gondwana margin were controlled by a regional NNW-SSE to almost north-south striking structural relief. In Early Silurian times, a eustatic highstand enabled the sea to reach its maximum southward extent.The counterclockwise rotation of Gondwana during the Cambrian and Early Ordovician caused the northern Gondwana margin to shift from intertropical to southern polar latitudes in Ordovician times. Glacial and periglacial deposits are reported from many localities in Morocco, Algeria, Niger, Libya, Chad, Sudan, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. The Late Ordovician glaciation phase was followed by a period of a major glacioeustatic sea-level rise in the Early Silurian due to the retreat of the ice-cap. As a consequence of the decreasing water circulation in the basin centers (Central Arabia, Murzuk- and Ghadames basins), highly bituminous euxinic shales were deposited. These shales are considered to be the main source rock of Paleozoic oil and gas deposits in parts of Saudi Arabia, Libya and Algeria.The following regression in the southern parts of the Early Silurian sea was probably caused by a second glacial advance, which was mainly restricted to areas in Chad, Sudan and Niger. Evidence for glacial activity and fluvioglacial sedimentation is available from rocks overlying the basal Silurian shale in north-east Chad and north-west Sudan. The Early Silurian ice advance is considered to be responsible for the termination of euxinic shale deposition in the basin centers.  相似文献   

琼东南盆地深水区中央坳陷断裂体系及其对油气成藏的控制   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李才  尤丽  朱继田  杨金海  王利杰 《海相油气地质》2016,(1):73-78

基于地震地质解释,根据断裂带发育的位置、产状及构造样式,将琼东南盆地深水区中央坳陷自西向东划分为3个断裂体系:乐东—陵水伸展南倾调节断裂体系、北礁—松南—宝岛伸展北倾调节断裂体系以及宝岛—长昌张扭走滑断裂体系。断裂体系控制了生烃凹陷的分布和储集砂体的发育,形成了多种类型的圈闭,提供了油气垂向运移的通道,有利于油气聚集成藏。陵水凹陷—北礁凹陷结合部圈闭发育带、宝岛凹陷南部断阶带、长昌凹陷西部圈闭发育带是有利勘探区带。  相似文献   

南图尔盖盆地基底特征及基岩成藏模式     

杨永亮 《海相油气地质》2016,(4):43-50

在对地震、录井、测井、重力资料分析基础上,通过全三维构造精细解释、剩余重力异常综合分析等方法,对哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地基底构造进行了推断解释。研究表明,该盆地具有双重基底,基底起伏十分剧烈,深大断裂发育,自西向东的4个北西—南东向展布的凹陷具有东断西超的特点。基底深度一般在1~5 km之间变化,表现为南部深度大、北部深度小的趋势,在北西向断裂系的作用下,基底局部构造大多呈北西向展布。在此研究基础上,从岩性、储集性能、生储盖配置关系及保存条件等方面进行了古潜山成藏条件分析,建立了南图尔盖盆地基岩油气成藏三种模式,突破了该区仅在古潜山风化壳含油的认识。  相似文献   

广饶潜山下古生界差异侵蚀对油气富集的控制作用          下载免费PDF全文

王建伟  宋国奇  孙国  肖淑明  蔡宏兴 《地质科学》2016,(3):908-919

广饶潜山是东营凹陷南缘一个典型下古生界古风化壳型潜山,含油气规模较大,但油气富集规律复杂。结合勘探实践,本文利用大量钻测井、岩石矿物及油气测试资料阐明了广饶潜山差异性侵蚀特征及其对油气富集规律控制作用。岩性组合差异及内幕断裂带导致岩体结构弱化,从而下古生界呈现差异性侵蚀。高泥质含量岩性组合单元的差异侵蚀易形成粘土充填沟谷,对油气沿古风化壳侧向运移具有良好遮挡作用;沿内幕断裂带差异侵蚀的沟谷对油气侧向运移没有区域遮挡能力,但明显控制多个潜山带的油气独立富集。下古生界差异侵蚀与油气富集规律密切相关,这对该领域研究具有很好的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Progress on Formation Mechanism of the Fibrous Veins in Mudstone and Its Implications to Hydrocarbon Migration     

Wang Miao  Chen Yong  Xu Xingyou  Zhang Xuejun  Han Yun  Wang Chengjun  Cao Mengchun 《地球科学进展》2015,30(10):1107-1118

The fibrous mineral veins are widespread in mudstones. According to the different microscopic morphology of the minerals, the fibres can be divided into stretched crystals, elongate-blocky crystals and the very fibrous crystals. Veins can also be classified according to the growth direction of these crystals into stretched veins, syntaxial veins and antitaxial veins. The resulting texture in the vein depends on the morphology of the fracture surface, the width of the fracture and the growth habit of the vein forming mineral. The crack-seal mechanism can only interpret the formation of the stretched crystal veins and the elongate-blocky crystal veins, and the antitaxial well-developped fibrous veins form without fracturing and the growth competition is inhibited during the rock deformation, which implies that the nutrient transport is by diffusional flow transport. Horizontal crack is the primary condition of the formation of the antitaxial bedding-parallel fibrous calcite veins in muddy hydrocarbon source rocks. The formation of the horizontal crack which caused by the abnormal high pressure can enhance the hydrocarbon generation efficiency and has a great effect on the rate and direction of hydrocarbon migration in the local. The presence of the veins indicates the hydrocarbon fluid can migrate laterally along the layers. The antitaxial bedding-parallel fibrous calcite veins in muddy hydrocarbon source rocks can be the sign of the generation and migration of hydrocarbon under the abnormal high pressure condition in petroleum-bearing basins.  相似文献   

A spectral-geophysical approach for detecting pipeline leakage     

M. van der Meijde  H.M.A. van der Werff  P.F. Jansma  F.D. van der Meer  G.J. Groothuis 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009

Leakage of hydrocarbon has a large economic and environmental impact. Traditional methods for investigating leakage and resulting pollution, such as drilling, are destructive, time consuming and expensive. Remote sensing is an alternative that is non-destructive and has been been tested extensively for exploration of onshore hydrocarbon reservoirs and detection of hydrocarbons at the Earth’s surface. In this research, a leaking pipeline is investigated through field reflectance spectrometry and the findings are validated with traditional drilling and geophysical measurements. The measurements show a significant increase of vegetation anomalies on the pipeline with respect to areas further away. The observed anomalies are positively related to hydrocarbon pollution through chemical analysis of drillings. Subsurface geophysical measurements show a large correlation with observed surface vegetation stress, enhancing the identification of hydrocarbon-related vegetation stress through spectroscopy.  相似文献   

Geological evolution,regional perspectives and hydrocarbon potential of the northwest Phu Khanh Basin,offshore Central Vietnam     

Michael B.W. Fyhn  Lars H. Nielsen  Lars O. Boldreel  Le D. Thang  Jørgen Bojesen-Koefoed  Henrik I. Petersen  Nguyen T. Huyen  Nguyen A. Duc  Nguyen T. Dau  Anders Mathiesen  Ian Reid  Dang T. Huong  Hoang A. Tuan  Le V. Hien  Hans P. Nytoft  Ioannis Abatzis 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2009

Seismic stratigraphic and structural analyses of the northwest Phu Khanh Basin, offshore Central Vietnam, based on 2-D seismic data, indicate that the initial rifting began during the latest Cretaceous? or Palaeogene controlled by left-lateral transtension along the East Vietnam Boundary Fault Zone (EVBFZ) and northwest–southeast directed extension east of the EVBFZ. Rifting stopped due to transpression during middle Oligocene times but resumed by left-lateral transtension during the Late Oligocene. Thick sequences of lacustrine and alluvial sediments were deposited during the Palaeogene rift periods. The Late Oligocene rifting ended due to inversion, triggered by right-lateral wrenching near the Palaeogene–Neogene boundary. Following the onset of this inversion regional uplift and volcanism took place in the southern half of the study area and contemporaneous subsidence and transgression took place farther north, leading to widespread carbonate deposition. As the right-lateral wrenching decreased during the early Neogene, thermal subsidence and siliciclastic sedimentation became dominant, resulting in the buildup and southward propagation of the shelf slope. Sediment accumulation and subsidence rates increased after the Middle Miocene times due to eastward tilting of Central Vietnam and the adjacent offshore area.  相似文献   

Uptake and metabolism of arsenate by anexic cultures of the microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta and Phaeodactylum tricornutum     

Simon Foster  Danielle Thomson  William Maher   《Marine Chemistry》2008,108(3-4):172-183

Axenic cultures of the microalgae species, Dunaliella tertiolecta and Phaeodactylum tricornutum were grown at arsenic (As) concentrations typically found in uncontaminated marine environments ( 2 µg L^− 1) under different phosphorus concentrations. D. tertiolecta accumulated higher arsenic concentrations (mean: 13.7 ± 0.7 µg g^− 1 dry mass) than P. tricornutum (mean: 1.9 ± 0.2 µg g−1 dry mass). Media phosphorus concentrations (0.6–3 mg/L) had little influence on microalgae growth rates or arsenic accumulation. Arsenic was present as lipid bound (29–38%; 4.2–9.5%), water-soluble (20–29%; 26–34%) and residue bound (41–45%; 57–69%) arsenic species in D. tertiolecta and P. tricornutum respectively. Hydrolysed lipids contained mostly glycerol arsenoribose (OH- ribose), dimethylarsinate (DMA) and inorganic arsenic (As(V)) moieties. Water-soluble species of microalgae were very different. D. tertiolecta contained inorganic arsenic (54–86%) with variable amounts of DMA (7.4–20%), arsenoriboses (5–25%) and traces of methylarsonate (MA) ( 1%). P. tricornutum contained mostly DMA (32–56%) and phosphate arsenoribose (PO₄-ribose, 23–49%) and small amounts of OH-ribose (3.8–6.5%) and As(V) (9–16%). Both microalgae contained an unknown cationic arsenic species. The residue fractions of both microalgae contained predominately inorganic arsenic (99–100%). These results show that at natural seawater arsenic concentrations, both algae take up substantial amounts of inorganic arsenic that is complexed with structural elements or sequestered in vacuoles as stable complexes. A significant portion is also incorporated into lipids. Arsenic is metabolised to simple methylated species and arsenoriboses.  相似文献