祁连成矿带成矿特征与资源潜力分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘建楠  肖克炎  陈风河 《地质学报》2016,90(7):1413-1422

新祁连成矿带由原祁连成矿带及柴达木主要的钾盐产地合并而成,横跨甘肃、青海、内蒙三省区,面积达11.4×104km2。成矿带大地构造位置处于华北陆块南缘与特提斯构造带交界部位,地质演化历史复杂,岩浆活动强烈。因此,该成矿带的成矿地质条件优越,所涵盖矿种齐全,是我国重要的黑色金属、有色金属及钾盐产地。本文在前人工作的基础上,对祁连成矿带的区域地质背景、重要矿产、典型矿产成因进行了系统分析,对主攻矿种成矿特征进行了研究,划分了成矿系列,建立了成矿谱系,并对资源潜力进行了评价。设定主攻矿种为钾盐、镍、钨,划分出7个主要成矿系列。在此基础上,部署了2个重点远景区:柴达木盆地西部重点远景区;金昌一般远景区。3个一般调查区:大道尔吉一般远景区;锡铁山重点远景区;下柳沟一般远景区,为指导本区勘查工作提供了依据。  相似文献   

地球资源环境动态监测技术的现状与未来     

张兵  黄文江  张浩  倪丽 《遥感学报》2016,20(6):1470-1478

针对国家全球化战略和迫切需要解决的全球环境和资源问题,本文阐述了国内外地球资源环境动态监测技术主要研究进展,发现存在地球资源环境监测高精度产品缺乏、动态监测能力不完备、遥感信息服务及时性和便携不足等主要问题。在此基础上,提出中国迫切需要发展面向全球和重点区域的持续、动态观测能力,建立全球视野的资源环境动态监测产品和应用系统,突破全球资源环境研究的理论和关键技术,建立全球资源环境遥感监测指标和技术体系,形成全球立体协同观测、资源汇聚优化、信息智能处理、云平台业务应用的自主技术体系,完善支撑任务驱动的数据汇聚、模型调度、产品生成等在线遥感信息服务能力,发布全球、洲际和全国高质量空间要素遥感信息产品、专题应用系统、技术报告等成果。最终为全球资源环境研究提供知识发现的数据和服务,支撑中国在全球资源环境监测评估、重大灾害事件监测预警、应对国家安全与全球变化等领域的服务。  相似文献   

Stabilisation/solidification and bioaugmentation treatment of petroleum drill cuttings     

《Applied Geochemistry》2016

Petroleum drill cuttings are usually treated by techniques suitable for particular contaminant groups. The significance of this study consists in the development of a treatment technology that can simultaneously handle the hydrocarbon and metal constituents of drill cuttings. Bioaugmentation is combined with stabilisation/solidification (S/S), within S/S monoliths and in granulated S/S monoliths. Portland cement was used for S/S treatment at 30% binder dosage. Bioaugmentation treatment involved two bacterial densities of a mixed culture bio-preparation. The effects of inclusion of compost, fertiliser and activated carbon were also evaluated. After 28 days, the combined S/S and bioaugmentation treatments recorded up to 15% higher total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) loss than control S/S treatment without bioaugmentation. Embedding fertiliser, activated carbon and higher bacterial density within S/S monoliths resulted in the highest (99%) TPH reduction but higher concentrations of metals. The addition of compost and lower bacterial density to granulated S/S monoliths led to similar (98%) TPH degradation and lower amounts of metals. The results suggest that with better mixture optimisation, combining S/S and bioaugmentation could engender more sustainable treatment of drill cuttings.  相似文献   

Development and Utilization of the World’s and China’s Bulk Mineral Resources and their Supply and Demand Situation in the Next Twenty Years   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Zhaozhi  JIANG Guangyu  WANG Xianwei  ZHANG Jianfeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(4):1370-1417

Bulk mineral resources of iron ores, copper ores, bauxite, lead ores, zinc ores and potassium salt play a pivotal role on the world’s and China’s economic development. This study analyzed and predicted their resources base and potential, development and utilization and their world’s and China’s supply and demand situation in the future 20 years. The supply and demand of these six bulk mineral products are generally balanced, with a slight surplus, which will guarantee the stability of the international mineral commodity market supply. The six mineral resources(especially iron ores and copper ores) are abundant and have a great potential, and their development and utilization scale will gradually increase. Till the end of 2014, the reserveproduction ratio of iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc ores and potassium salt was 95 years, 42 years, 100 years, 17 years, 37 years and 170 years, respectively. Except lead ores, the other five types all have reserve-production ratio exceeding 20 years, indicative of a high resources guarantee degree. If the utilization of recycled metals is counted in, the supply of the world’s six mineral products will exceed the demand in the future twenty years. In 2015–2035, the supply of iron ores, refined copper, primary aluminum, refined lead, zinc and potassium salt will exceed their demand by 0.4–0.7 billion tons(Gt), 5.0–6.0 million tons(Mt), 1.1–8.9 Mt, 1.0–2.0 Mt, 1.2–2.0 Mt and 4.8–5.6 Mt, respectively. It is predicted that there is no problem with the supply side of bulk mineral products such as iron ores, but local or structural shortage may occur because of geopolitics, monopoly control, resources nationalism and trade friction. Affected by China’s compressed industrialized development model, the demand of iron ores(crude steel), potassium salt, refined lead, refined copper, bauxite(primary aluminum) and zinc will gradually reach their peak in advance. The demand peak of iron ores(crude steel) will reach around 2015, 2016 for potassium salt, 2020 for refined lead, 2021 for bauxite(primary aluminum), 2022 for refined copper and 2023 for zinc. China’s demand for iron ores(crude steel), bauxite(primary aluminum) and zinc in the future 20 years will decline among the world’s demand, while that for refined copper, refined lead and potassium salt will slightly increase. The demand for bulk mineral products still remains high. In 2015–2035, China’s accumulative demand for iron ores(crude steel) will be 20.313 Gt(13.429 Gt), 0.304 Gt for refined copper, 2.466 Gt(0.616 Gt) of bauxite(primary aluminum), 0.102 Gt of refined lead, 0.138 Gt of zinc and 0.157 Gt of potassium salt, and they account for the world’s YOY(YOY) accumulative demand of 35.17%, 51.09%, 48.47%, 46.62%, 43.95% and 21.84%, respectively. This proportion is 49.40%, 102.52%, 87.44%, 105.65%, 93.62% and 106.49% of that in 2014, respectively. From the supply side of China’s bulk mineral resources, it is forecasted that the accumulative supply of primary(mine) mineral products in 2015–2035 is 4.046 Gt of iron ores, 0.591 Gt of copper,1.129 Gt of bauxite, 63.661 Mt of(mine) lead, 0.109 Gt of(mine) zinc and 0.128 Gt of potassium salt, which accounts for 8.82%, 13.92%, 26.67%, 47.09%, 33.04% and 15.56% of the world’s predicted YOY production, respectively. With the rapid increase in the smelting capacity of iron and steel and alumina, the rate of capacity utilization for crude steel, refined copper, alumina, primary aluminum and refined lead in 2014 was 72.13%, 83.63%, 74.45%, 70.76% and 72.22%, respectively. During 2000–2014, the rate of capacity utilization for China’s crude steel and refined copper showed a generally fluctuating decrease, which leads to an insufficient supply of primary mineral products. It is forecasted that the supply insufficiency of iron ores in 2015–2035 is 17.44 Gt, 0.245 Gt of copper in copper concentrates, 1.337 Gt of bauxite, 38.44 Mt of lead in lead concentrates and 29.19 Mt of zinc in zinc concentrates. China has gradually raised the utilization of recycled metals, which has mitigated the insufficient supply of primary metal products to some extent. It is forecasted that in 2015–2035 the accumulative utilization amount of steel scrap(iron ores) is 3.27 Gt(5.08 Gt), 70.312 Mt of recycled copper, 0.2 Gt of recycled aluminum, 48 Mt of recycled lead and 7.7 Mt of recycled zinc. The analysis on the supply and demand situation of China’s bulk mineral resources in 2015–2035 suggests that the supply-demand contradiction for these six types of mineral products will decrease, indicative of a generally declining external dependency. If the use of recycled metal amount is counted in, the external dependency of China’s iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc and potassium salt will be 79%, 65%, 26%, 8%, 16% and 18% in 2014, respectively. It is predicted that this external dependency will decrease to 62%, 64%, 20%,-0.93%, 16% and 14% in 2020, respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend. We propose the following suggestions correspondingly.(1) The demand peak of China’s crude steel and potassium salt will reach during 2015–2023 in succession. Mining transformation should be planned and deployed in advance to deal with the arrival of this demand peak.(2) The supply-demand contradiction of China’s bulk mineral resources will mitigate in the future 20 years, and the external dependency will decrease accordingly. It is suggested to adjust the mineral resources management policies according to different minerals and regions, and regulate the exploration and development activities.(3) China should further establish and improve the forced mechanism of resolving the smelting overcapacity of steel, refined copper, primary aluminum, lead and zinc to really achieve the goal of "reducing excess production capacity".(4) In accordance with the national strategic deployment of "One Belt One Road", China should encourage the excess capacity of steel, copper, alumina and primary aluminum enterprises to transfer to those countries or areas with abundant resources, high energy matching degree and relatively excellent infrastructure. Based on the national conditions, mining condition and geopolitics of the resources countries, we will gradually build steel, copper, aluminum and lead-zinc smelting bases, and potash processing and production bases, which will promote the excess capacity to transfer to the overseas orderly.(5) It is proposed to strengthen the planning and management of renewable resources recycling and to construct industrial base of renewable metal recycling.(6) China should promote the comprehensive development and utilization of paragenetic and associated mineral species to further improve the comprehensive utilization of bulk mineral resources.  相似文献   

与找矿信息量法结合的含矿网格单元蒙特卡洛矿产资源潜力评价方法的原理及应用     

浦路平  朱国器  尹意求  林锦富 《矿产与地质》2016,(3):490-495

文章介绍了以含矿网格单元为统计单位、并与找矿信息量法结合的蒙特卡洛矿产资源潜力评价方法的原理和工作步骤,以及用该法进行丹池锡多金属成矿带锡矿矿产资源潜力评价工作案例,表明该法可以把评价工作区的矿产空间分布信息、成矿模式和找矿模型、成矿-找矿空间信息引入蒙特卡洛方法中,无需人类专家估计矿床个数,减少了工作步骤,提高了工作效率和自动化程度,减少了因人为主观性而造成的评价误差。  相似文献   

刚果(金)地质特征与主要矿产资源概况   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张学良  姚锦其  邓贵安  徐文彦  黄学强  李明君 《矿产与地质》2016,(4):555-560

刚果(金)主要由刚果盆地和环盆地高原组成,盆地主要由中生代到新生代地层及近现代沉积物组成,沿着盆地内边缘分布有泛非时期的火山沉积物,环盆地高原主要为抬升的前寒武纪基底。刚果(金)优势金属矿产资源主要分布环盆地高原的加丹加新元古代铜-钴多金属成矿带、KIB-KAB中元古代锡-铌-钽-钨多金属成矿带、刚果东北太古代绿岩带型金-铁多金属成矿带上,而金刚石则主要分布开赛及东北部地区中新生代金刚石成矿区内。  相似文献   

广东厚婆坳整装勘查区锡多金属矿资源潜力分析     

武国忠  杨凤娟  王耿明 《江苏地质》2016,40(3):450-454

利用广东厚婆坳整装勘查区内的典型矿床、重点工作区、其他矿床的潜力评价成果,建立了8个定量预测模型区;然后通过综合信息分析,按热液型、斑岩型2种矿床类型在厚婆坳整装勘查区分别圈定并优选了最小预测区,进行资源量估算;最后对最小预测区进行归并整理,形成综合预测区,在此基础上提出了勘查部署建议。  相似文献   

澳大利亚地球探测计划研究进展     

李杰  董树文  陈宣华 《地球学报》2016,37(S1):95-109

AuScope计划是澳大利亚2007年启动的新一轮的地球探测计划, 其目标是在澳大利亚建立一个从时间到空间, 从地壳到地核, 从地球空间到地质科学范畴内的世界级的研究架构, 包括数据采集、管理、建模和模拟等。在2007年启动以来, 澳大利亚NCRIS资助4280万美元, 其中1580万用来发展一个改进的地理空间参考系统, 2700万用于地球物理探测和地球化学分析。同时, 有超过7000万美元由合作投资者提供。头期赞助的计划项目已经于2011年6月完成。随后教育投资基金(Education Investment Fund)继续给予 2300万美元资助, 主要是建立一个新的澳大利亚地球物理观测系统(Australian Geophysical Observing System), 通过收集新的地表地球空间和深部探测和监测原始数据, 提供人们对澳大利亚现今地壳物理状态的更好理解认识。同时, 项目合作者后期将会在未来投入8200万美元来共同完成AGOS计划的完成。总之, AuScope计划已经超越了初期设想的研究目标, 同时在后期获得资助的AGOS研究中, 将进一步挖掘AuScope计划所获得的数据和成果认识, 并迎合我们对地球物理资源问题的解决, 研究区域主要集中于澳大利亚具有丰富资源的沉积盆地中。  相似文献   

滨里海盆地Z油田油藏类型与成藏因素研究     

赵爽 《化工矿产地质》2016,(1):16-20

Z油田主要含油层系包括白垩系-中侏罗统低幅度背斜构造油藏、中三叠统盐檐断鼻油藏和上三叠统岩性圈闭油藏3种油藏类型。通过对紧密围绕盐有关的构造和有效盐窗这两个影响Z油田油气成藏的关键因素的研究认为成藏模式为"盐下生成、盐窗沟通、盐边盐间断层输导、高点聚集、后期保存"。Z油田油源充足,盐窗大而有效,多种有效的输导体系,圈闭类型多而好,埋深适中,储盖层发育且配置良好,侧向遮挡条件具备且后期保存条件良好,可作为今后勘探首选目标区。  相似文献   

贵州织金下寒武统黑色页岩矿物岩石成分及资源利用特征     

王沙  张杰 《岩石矿物学杂志》2016,35(3):543-552

通过野外采样、化学分析、电子探针(EPMA)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析等手段,研究了贵州织金地区黑色页岩矿物成分、化学组分、微量元素、稀土元素特征。研究区矿样化学成分以SiO_2和Al_2O_3为主,且具有高K低Na的特征。电子探针和X射线衍射分析表明,研究区黑色页岩主要矿物组成有石英、粘土矿物、白云石及黄铁矿等。织金黑色页岩中Pb、Ni、U、V、Cr等金属元素存在不同程度的富集,稀土元素总量为153.2×10~(-6)~224.89×10~(-6),属轻稀土元素富集型。同时从多金属层、页岩气、页岩提钾及近底部含磷铀矿资源等方面讨论了织金黑色页岩资源化利用。织金黑色页岩多金属层含有Mo、V、Ni、Ag及U等多金属元素,具综合利用价值;其中有机碳含量达到页岩气开发大于2%的条件,可进一步开展研究;页岩中伊利石含量较多,可提取黑色页岩中的钾制备含钾复合肥;黑色页岩底部与磷矿层接触带产出磷铀矿,主要为胶状磷铀矿,接触带可作为铀矿找矿的标志层。  相似文献