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51.
气温变化对西峰黄土高原地温与梨树发育期的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用西北地区140站1961-2000年的气温资料和西峰黄土高原1971-2005年5,10,15,20cm地温和1984-2005年梨树发育期资料,分析了西北地区春季、夏季、秋季、冬季和年气温的变化事实,再用相关计算和典型年份对比,分析了地温的时间变化规律及其对梨树发育期的影响。结果表明,西北地区20世纪60年代冬季增温,其余降温,70年代均降温,80年代冬季增温,其余降温,90年代均增温,冬季的最明显。西峰10cm地温各季节呈持续升高的趋势,春季增温最明显为0.058℃/a,变幅也最大,冬季增温幅度次之为0.039℃/a,再是秋季为0.032℃/a,夏季增温幅度最小为0.029℃/a,上升趋势均通过0.05和0.01的信度检验。冬季、春季地温与梨树的各发育期均为负相关,即地温高,发育期早,地温低,发育期迟。冬季地温与梨树发育期相关最显著的是叶变始期和开花始期,相关系数为-0.41~-0.52,信度为0.05,春季地温与之相关最显著的是开花始期,相关系数为-0.68~-0.69,信度达0.001。春季地温对梨树发育期的影响具有明显的持续性和滞后性,冬季地温对梨树发育期影响有阶段性,春季地温对梨树发育期的影响比冬季的明显。 相似文献
52.
According to variations of 137Cs and clay contents, 44 flood couplets were identified in a profile of reservoir deposit with a vertical length of 28.12 m in the Yuntaishan Gully. Couplet 27 at the middle of the profile had the highest average 137Cs content of 12.65 Bq kg-1, which indicated the 1963s' deposits, then 137Cs content decreased both downward and upward in the profile. The second top and bottom couplets had average 137Cs contents of 2.15 Bq kg-1 and 0.92 Bq kg-1, respectively. By integrated analysis of reservoir construction and management history, variations of 137Cs contents over the profile, sediment yields of flood couplets and rainfall data during the period of 1958-1970, individual storms related to the flood couplets were identified. 44 floods with a total sediment yield of 2.36×104 m3 occurred and flood events in a year varied between 1 and 10 times during the period of 1960-1970. 7-10 flood events occurred during the wet period of 1961-1964 with very wet autumn, while only 1-2 events during the dry period of 1965-1969. Average annual specific sediment yield was 1.29×104 t km-2 a-1 for the Yuntaishan Gully during the period of 1960-1970, which was slightly higher than 1.11 ×104 t km-2 a-1 for the Upper Yanhe River Basin above the Ganguyi Hydrological Station and slightly lower than 1.40 ×104 t km-2 a-1 for the nearby Zhifang Gully during the same period. Annual specific sediment yields for the Yuntaishan Gully were correlated to the wet season's rainfalls well. 相似文献
53.
农业生产对气候变化的脆弱性研究方法初探 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
刘文泉 《南京气象学院学报》2002,25(2):214-220
在总结脆弱性的定义与介绍相关研究方法的基础上,提出了农业生产对气候变化的脆弱性的初步定义、研究思路、指标体系及计算方法,并讨论了区域农业生产对气候变化影响的适应对策应遵循的有关原则。 相似文献
54.
新疆伊犁盆地南缘层间氧化带及铀矿化特征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究表明,在伊犁盆地南缘产出一条东西长达近百千米的铀及伴生元素成矿带,在我国境内依次产出有509、510、511、513及512铀矿床,此外还有多个铀矿化异常点,其中511、513、512等矿床为可地浸砂岩型铀矿床,受层间氧化带控制非常明显,从巳知矿床的成矿环境和特征出发,阐述了伊犁盆地南缘层间氧化带的空间分布及控矿规律,通过不同层位的层间氧化带含矿性对比及同一层位不同地段的层间氧化带含矿性对比,总结出了伊犁盆地南缘含铀矿层间氧化带特征。 相似文献
55.
The accelerated urbanization has resulted in new soil erosion in the Loess Plateau region since the 1980s. A concept of urban erosion and its impacts on environment are discussed. The experimental studies and field investigations show that those loose silt and earth piles formed by urban construction can be eroded seriously: Under stormy rain, the amount of sediment from steep man-dumped slope is 10.8-12.2 times that of from uncovered slope land; the result of experiments with the wind tunnel also shows that the damage to the surface structure of dry loess can cause serious soil erosion by wind in some cities of the region. Even if in the urban built-up area, there are many loose sandy soil, mud and silt, which are washed into rivers by city’s ground flow in the rainy season. So, anthropogenically induced soil erosion has made soil erosion more serious around the urban areas. And the urban eroded environment has several characteristics such as fragility, complexity, seasonality and quick variability. Urban areas witness a quick economic growth and have more construction projects than rural areas, which brings more intensive changes of environments during a short period of time or adds some new elements to the erosion system. Therefore erosion has experienced more intensive impact by human activities. So, the possible impact of urbanization on erosion environment must be taken into consideration when designing or planning to exploit natural resources or to develop urban areas in the Loess Plateau. 相似文献
56.
Li CHEN Qingquan LIU and Jiachun LI .. Division of Engineering Sciences Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China E-mail: qqliu@mail.imech.ac.cn 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(4)
1 mTRODUCT1ONThe Loess Plateau in the central and westem China with an area of 430,(X)0 lQn2 is well known for itsancient cultUre and serious soil and water loss. About 287,(X)0 km2 of area in this region has an annualerosion be greatC than 1(XX) tlkIn2. The eroded soil totally amounts to more than 2.2 X l0' tons, amongwhich about l.6X 10' tons, on average, is delivered into the Yellow kiver mdeng the river one of thehighest sediment-laden rivers in the word. The serious soil erosion … 相似文献
57.
Quantitative measurements on the paleo-weathering intensity of the loess-soil sequences and implication on paleomonsoon 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The loess-soil sequences in northern China provide a near continuous record of Quaternary paleoclimate. The pedogenetic intensity
of the sequences is closely linked with the variations of the East Asian summer monsoon. In this study, 2181 samples from
the Changwu and Xifeng loess sections are analyzed and two high-resolution paleo-weathering timeseries of the last 1.2 Ma
are generated, using the ratio of CBD extractable free Fe2O3 (FeD) versus the total iron (FeT). This new index is compared with micromorphological features, low-frequency magnetic susceptibility,
frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility, and the Rb/Sr ratio[5,6]. The results suggest that the FeD/FeT ratio is able to better reflect the degree of soil development. Since the chemical
weathering of loess in the Loess Plateau region mainly depends upon the summer precipitation and temperature under modern
climate condition, which are closely associated with strength of summer monsoon, and the chemical weathering intensity of
loess primarily reflects the variations of the summer monsoon circulation. 相似文献
58.
黄土丘陵区地形破碎、沟壑纵横,为遥感影象的土地利用自动分类带来了很大困难。仅依靠传统的光谱统计分类方法,难以达到较高的分类精度。本文拟探讨在黄土丘陵区运用大比例尺地形图数据,建立区域数字地貌模型;并在模糊数学理论的指导下,运用数字地貌模型对影象的分层分类结果进行修正和细化。研究表明,此方法能够有效地提高土地利用分类精度和机助制图比例尺。 相似文献
59.
黄土高原晚更新世黄土与古季风研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
黄土高原晚更新世黄土地层含有末次间冰期一次期东亚季风演变的大量信息,经外地学界十年来的探索,初步揭示了东亚季风演化的规律,本文对于这方面研究的现状作了综合评述。 相似文献
60.
中国黄土10Be研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
80年代中期,中国和瑞士科技工作者开始联合进行黄土^10Be研究。建立了黄土^10BeAMS测量的理想流程,发现了^10Be在黄土地层良好保存性等重要地球化学行为特征,确认了黄土^10Be研究具有重要意义。对洛川黄土部面0.4-138m段600多个样品进行了^10Be测定,建立了2.5Ma以来大陆堆积物同位素记录曲线。 相似文献