Behavior of REE Fractionation during Weathering of Dolomite Regolith Profile in Southwest China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

GONG Qingjie  ZHANG Gaixi  ZHANG Jing  JIANG Biao  MA Nan 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(6):1439-1447

<正>REE fractionation during the weathering of dolomite has been recognized for decades.A regolith profile on dolomite in southwest Yunnan of China was selected to investigate the behaviors of REE during weathering.The weathering of dolomite is divided into two stages:the pedogenesis stage and soil evolution stage,corresponding to the saprolites and soils respectively in the regolith profile. SiO_2,TiO_2,P_2O_5,Zr,Hf,Nb and Ta were immobile components during the weathering by and large, while Al_2O_3,K_2O and Fe_2O_3 were lost during the soil evolution stage in the physical form(clay minerals probably).REE were fractionated during the whole weathering of dolomite.The field weathering profile and the lab acid-leaching experiments on dolomite indicate that MREE were enriched clearly relative to other REE during the pedogenesis stage in a "capillary ascending-adsorption" mechanism, but they did not fractionate clearly in the soil evolution stage.REE were lost and accumulated in the weathering front of dolomite during the soil evolution stage in a "physical-chemical leaching" mechanism.  相似文献   

硼同位素在矿床学中的应用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

程家龙  赵永鑫  柳丰华 《地质找矿论丛》2010,25(1):65-71

硼在自然界有两种稳定同位素11B和10B,常采用δ(11B)/10-3来表示不同地质体的同位素组成。由于硼同位素在不同地质体中的分馏作用大,在较大温度范围内岩浆-热液流体中的高活动性和化学性质稳定等方面的优势,使硼同位素在地球科学研究中的作用越来越广泛。控制硼同位素分馏的主要因素是硼源。一般情况下,非海相的硼酸盐矿物和与之相关的电气石的δ(11B)值为负值,而在某些盐湖卤水和与海相环境有关的硼酸盐矿物的δ(11B)值则为正值。目前,硼同位素示踪主要应用于块状硫化物矿床、与花岗岩有关的热液矿床以及盐湖矿床的研究。随着硼同位素分馏机制及其在不同环境地质样品中分布特征的深入研究,硼同位素在解决矿床的成矿物质来源、矿床成因和成矿作用等方面将发挥更大的作用。  相似文献   

普朗斑岩铜矿包裹体、同位素研究及成矿时代     

胡清华  黄定柱  李冰  杨丽梅  尹光候 《云南地质》2010,29(3):351-357

普朗斑岩铜矿产于印支-燕山早期普朗复式斑岩体中。成矿流体来源广、盐度高,成矿温度从高温440℃到低温120℃,集中在160℃-240℃、280℃-320℃、340℃-380℃三阶段,多期次、多阶段性,与斑岩成矿作用特征一致。硫同位素3δ4SCDT‰T为（-2.23-3.75）‰,显示单一深源岩浆硫。岩体黑云母等40Ar-39Ar和矿石石英-辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄为206.4M a-213±3.8M a,属岛孤斑岩型铜矿床。  相似文献   

强烈气洗作用导致原油成分变化的定量计算:以库车坳陷天然气藏为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张斌  黄凌  吴英  王辉  崔洁 《地学前缘》2010,17(4):270

库车坳陷以产天然气为主,同时产出少量原油和凝析油,油气充注不同步,普遍具有"油早气晚"的特点,晚期大量天然气的侵入,必然对早期聚集的油藏发生改造作用。对气藏中原油成分变化的定量计算和讨论,可为天然气的注入强度定量评价提供直接证据。未遭受气洗的原油,正构烷烃摩尔浓度的对数与相应的碳数呈线性关系,而气洗作用可使轻组分的正构烷烃最先溶解于干气中,并随着天然气继续向前运移,原始油藏中的轻组分正构烷烃大大减少。以此为理论基础,建立了正构烷烃损失的定量计算模型。结果表明克拉2构造原油正构烷烃损失程度最高,平均可达70%左右,大北构造带原油正构烷烃损失程度差异较大,与该地区断块发育有关。气洗作用导致原油正构烷烃减少,而金刚烷、多环芳烃等在天然气中溶解度较低的化合物得以浓缩富集,相对含量大大增加。轻芳烃含量也会随之而增加,原油芳香度增加,石蜡度降低。在模拟实验基础上对气洗程度进行了定量评价,初步估算表明,克拉2构造原油遭受的气洗作用最强,是其他构造带的2～5倍。  相似文献   

样品前处理过程中多环芳烃的稳定碳同位素分馏     

焦杏春  王广  叶传永  刘晓端  杨永亮  王晓春 《岩矿测试》2010,29(3):207-211

利用多环芳烃标准样品连续和穿插进样相结合的方式,检验了气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比质谱仪(GC-C-IRMS)测定多环芳烃单体碳同位素比值(δ13C)的稳定性和准确性,观察了测定过程中色谱柱的分离效果。结果表明,出峰面积和分离程度是影响化合物δ13C平行性的主要原因。通过多次实验,分析了样品前处理过程中多环芳烃各个化合物稳定碳同位素的分馏情况,包括凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和硅胶柱等净化过程,以及旋转蒸发和氮气吹扫等浓缩过程。实验表明,各前处理过程中样品内多环芳烃的稳定碳同位素分馏均不明显,其中硅胶柱净化过程相比GPC过程对样品中多环芳烃的δ13C影响较大,但总体上仍未超过未处理标样δ13C值的2倍标准偏差范围。旋转蒸发和氮吹过程对样品中多环芳烃的δ13C影响程度相当,都位于未处理标样δ13C值1倍标准偏差以内的水平。  相似文献   

Insights from isotope stratigraphy     

Alcides N. Sial  Juha A. Karhu  Valderez P. Ferreira 《Precambrian Research》2010

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13X分子筛活化及其对氧气转移时吸附/解吸过程中氧同位素分馏效应的研究     

查向平  郑永飞  龚冰 《地质论评》2010,56(4):595-603

在激光BrF5法分析硅酸盐和氧化物矿物的真空提取流程中,通常采用氧气作为工作气体来测定样品的氧同位素组成。这需要使用分子筛吸附并转移氧气到质谱进样系统,而分子筛的活化对于有效吸附和解吸氧气至关重要,否则会引起分析过程中的氧同位素分馏。通过采用13X分子筛进行多组实验分析,笔者发现用不同活化程度或中毒失活分子筛沸石转移时可能存在氧同位素分馏。在低温下分子筛是不能够活化的(或活化不完全),吸附能力很低,所测定的δ18O值是波动的。在200℃马弗炉中预加热24h,然后迅速转移到温度为100℃、真空度为10-3Pa系统中加热12h的分子筛,对氧气吸附能力很强,氧同位素分析的绝对误差为±0.05‰(1σ),能够满足地球化学氧同位素分析的要求。如果分子筛受BrF5污染,其吸附能力大为降低,测定的δ18O值呈下降趋势,氧同位素分馏高达0.7‰。如果分子筛受水汽污染,质谱接受电压不断地降低,存在解吸温度下的再吸附过程,测定δ18O值呈上升趋势。因此,分子筛在使用前要在适当条件下的活化,在发现污染或测量值发生波动变化时要及时更换,否则难以保证氧同位素分析数据的可靠性。  相似文献   

Origin of high H2S concentrations in the Upper Permian Changxing reservoirs of the Northeast Sichuan Basin,China     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

Intense thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) and up to 18% H₂S are found in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation (P₃ch) in the northeast (NE) Sichuan Basin, China, despite that rare gypsum or anhydrite was found in this formation. Here, we present new concentration data of carbonate-associated sulfate (CAS) from carbonate host rocks, C, O, and Sr isotope data for TSR-related calcites, and S isotope data for sulfur compounds obtained during this study. These data along with spatial-temporal changes in palaeogeopressure conditions, hydraulic conductivity and the physical capacity indicate that the H₂S was generated locally from TSR within the P₃ch reservoirs. We propose that the reactive sulfates were derived from CAS released during dolomitization and recrystallization of earlier dolomite within the P₃ch Fm. and from the cross-formational migration of evaporative brines from the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation (T₁f) to P₃ch Fm. Our calculation shows that the two sources could provide enough SO₄²⁻ for the generation of H₂S within the P₃ch reservoirs. Early downward migration of sulfate-rich evaporative brines from the T₁f formation occurred in near-surface and shallow burial diagenetic settings (mainly <1000 m). The evaporative brines seeped into porous grainstones and displaced preexisting seawater, causing pervasive dolomitization within the P₃ch Fm. Subsequently, TSR calcites precipitated from the pore water have high Sr concentrations (up to 7767 ppm), close to the T₁f TSR calcites, and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios mainly from 0.7074 to 0.7078, which are significantly higher than those of Late Permian seawater but within the range of early Triassic seawater.  相似文献   

An analysis and comparison of observed Pleistocene South Carolina (USA) shoreline elevations with predicted elevations derived from Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages     

William Richardson Doar III  Christopher George St. Clement Kendall 《Quaternary Research》2014

Geological maps of South Carolina, covering > 6800 km², confirm the existence of eight preserved Pleistocene shorelines above current sea level: Marietta (+ 42.6 m), Wicomico (+ 27.4 m), Penholoway (+ 21.3 m), Ladson (+ 17.4 m), Ten Mile Hill (+ 10.7 m), Pamlico (+ 6.7 m), Princess Anne (+ 5.2 m), and Silver Bluff (+ 3 m). Current geochronologic data suggest that these eight shorelines correlate with Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages (MIS) as follows: Marietta—older than MIS 77; Wicomico—MIS 55–45; Penholoway—MIS 19 or 17; Ladson—MIS 11; Ten Mile Hill—MIS 7; Pamlico—MIS 5; Princess Anne—MIS 5; and Silver Bluff—MIS 5 or 3. Except for the MIS 5e Pamlico, and possibly the MIS 11 Ladson, the South Carolina elevations are higher than predicted by isotope proxy-based reconstructions. The < 4 m of total relief from the Pamlico to the Silver Bluff shoreline in South Carolina, for which other reconstructions suggest an expected relief of ~ 80 m, illustrates the lack of match. Our results suggest that processes affecting either post-depositional changes in shoreline elevations or the creation of proxy sea-level estimates must be considered before using paleo sea-level position on continental margins.  相似文献   

应用单体碳同位素分析技术探析农田土壤中多环芳烃的植物降解过程   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

焦杏春  王广  叶传永  曹红英  王晓春  杨永亮  刘晓端 《岩矿测试》2014,33(6):863-870

长期以来,研究者在探讨土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的降解及修复过程中,缺乏简便有效的手段对化合物的降解动态进行定量研究。前人尝试用投加实验、对比采用降解措施前后污染物的浓度变化、模型计算等方法研究PAHs的降解过程,其结果常互相矛盾,或不能真实反映复杂的实际环境。本文应用单体碳同位素技术对农田土壤中多环芳烃的植物降解过程进行定量表征,采集了某地农田表土作为供试土壤,选择玉米作为供试作物,开展了作物对土壤中PAHs降解及消除过程的研究。气相色谱-质谱分析结果表明,培养所用的玉米原始土及分4批收集的空白土、根际土、非根际土样品中16种PAHs的浓度总和(∑PAHs)平均分别为380.8 ng/g、(281.5±34.7) ng/g、(272.2±11.6) ng/g和(299.8±37.9) ng/g;玉米生长期间,各土壤样品 的∑PAHs均比原始土壤有所下降,但除3环化合物(苊烯、苊、芴、菲、蒽)外,其他化合物并未随玉米的生长表现出显著趋势。与玉米根、叶倾向于富集低环PAHs化合物相对应,可以判断植物对土壤中的低环化合物去除作用最为显著。各采样时期玉米根际土、非根际土和空白土壤样品中多环芳烃单体化合物的碳同位素分馏值(δ¹³C)在-34.31‰~-23.95‰之间,且除芘外的其他化合物的δ¹³C值随时间呈现逐步变轻的趋势,波动值位于-0.6‰~-9.0‰之间;本文对于PAHs单体化合物,尤其是4、5环化合物,在玉米降解过程中的碳同位素分馏与浓度变化之间未发现明显关系。考虑3环以下的PAHs化合物更倾向于被降解和清除,且其碳、氢同位素分馏情况更容易被观察到,因此稳定同位素分析更有助于探明该类单体多环芳烃污染物在环境中的迁移、转化规律。  相似文献