大兴安岭北端晚侏罗世花岗岩类地球化学及其地质和找矿意义   总被引：25，自引：10，他引：15  

武广  陈衍景  孙丰月  李景春  李之彤  王希今 《岩石学报》2008,24(4)

大兴安岭北端的龙沟河、二十一站等岩体形成于晚侏罗世,与斑岩型铜金矿化关系密切。这些岩体的主要岩石类型为石英闪长岩、石英二长闪长岩、花岗闪长岩,总体属高钾钙碱性系列,少量属橄榄玄粗岩系列。其SiO_2含量介于61.37%～66.59%,Al_2O_3含量为15.35%～17.06%,MgO含量介于2.02%～3.47%,Mg~#指数高达44～59。(La/Yb)N介于16.85～81.73之间,δEu介于0.68～0.93,给出强分异的稀土元素配分型式,与埃达克岩的特征一致。Ba、Sr和LREE强烈富集, Nb和Ta强亏损,Rb和Ti弱亏损;岩石Yb含量介于0.31～1.32μg/g,Y含量介于4.32～12.07μg/g,贫Yb低Y特征显著; Sr/Y介于67.74～220.60,高Sr低Y特征清楚。上述特征也与埃达克岩地球化学特征一致。由于古亚洲洋和蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋分别于古生代末期和二叠纪-中侏罗世闭合,因此,所研究的埃达克岩应形成于中朝-蒙古大陆与西伯利亚大陆之间的陆陆碰撞造山环境,是碰撞造山带加厚下地壳拆沉-熔融的产物。  相似文献   

塔西南玄武岩年代学和地球化学特征及其对二叠纪地幔柱岩浆演化的制约   总被引：20，自引：13，他引：7  

厉子龙  杨树锋  陈汉林  余星  林秀彬  励音骐 《岩石学报》2008,24(5)

本文通过对塔西南达木斯剖面中玄武岩进行K-Ar同位素定年,获得年龄为289.6Ma,并结合Ar-Ar坪年龄结果(290.1Ma)和古生物以及沉积特征,认为290Ma的年龄代表了塔西南玄武岩形成于早二叠世,对应于盆地内下二叠统库普库兹满组下段层位的年龄.地球化学特征显示塔西南熔岩为分异的碱性玄武岩并含45%SiO2和4%MgO含量.塔西南玄武岩与盆地内柯坪玄武岩具有相近的主量元素含量和稀土配分与微量元素蜘蛛网图型、无Eu异常、富集轻稀土元素、较高的其它不相容元素(如高场强元素).但塔西南玄武岩比柯坪玄武岩具有较高的A12O2和CaO含量及稀土总量(288×10-6～358×10-6),偏低的Na2O,P2O5和FeO含量.K、Rb和Cs丰度的无系统性变化主要受这些元素丰度本身变化的影响.对其它不活动组分,塔西南玄武岩具有高Ti(Ti/Y=522～624)和Nb含量(30×10-6～40×10-6)及低zr/Nb比值,暗示其来自富集的地幔源区.其Nb含量相对La含量无显著变化以及相对低的Nb/U(近30)和Ce/Pb比值(近15),指示塔西南玄武熔岩来自大陆岩石圈或受一定程度的地壳混染.塔里木盆地大规模的火山喷发以及富集不相容元素的地球化学特征支持这样一种假设,即塔西南玄武岩来自地幔柱火山作用,或由于地幔柱的供热和上升导致富集的岩石圈地幔部分熔融而形成.且岩浆作用过程以部分熔融为主,结晶分异作用较弱.基于塔西南玄武岩和柯坪玄武岩相近的时代、源区成分和/或岩浆作用过程以及处于陆内稳定构造环境,笔者认为塔里木二叠纪玄武岩的分布范围可以从塔里木盆地内的塔中、柯坪一带一直延伸到塔西南地区.  相似文献   

锆石中钛温度计在鲁西—苏北地区中生代侵入杂岩中的应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王清海  许文良  杨德彬  裴福萍 《岩石学报》2008,24(10):2331-2342

利用锆石中钛地质温度计对鲁西—苏北地区出露的8个中生代侵入杂岩的岩浆岩结晶温度进行计算,结果表明研究区斑井岩体的平均岩浆结晶温度为715~716℃,蔡山岩体为653℃,丰山岩体为697℃,夹沟岩体为711℃,利国岩体为737℃,铁铜沟岩体为766℃,上峪岩体为889℃,金岭岩体为770℃。岩体的岩浆结晶温度沿侵入杂岩带展布方向,从S到N依次增高,暗示其岩浆起源深度逐渐加大。岩浆结晶温度计算结果大致限定了各岩体的岩浆源区深度范围,结合锆石寄主岩石和寄主岩石中的深源包体的研究表明研究区中生代侵入杂岩体的母岩浆起源于上地幔和/或下地壳。  相似文献   

东天山红山高硫型浅成低温铜-金矿床：中生代成矿与新生代氧化的K-Ar、Ar-Ar年代学证据及其古构造和古气候意义   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

许英霞  秦克章  丁奎首  李金祥  缪宇  方同辉  徐兴旺  李大明  罗修泉 《岩石学报》2008,24(10):2371-2383

红山铜-金矿床位于新疆吐哈盆地南缘大南湖-突苏泉晚古生代岛弧带北段的中生代上叠火山盆地中,产于卡拉塔格铜-金矿带上,是新疆近年新发现的具大型远景的高硫化物型浅成低温热液铜-金矿床。铜-金成矿作用与中生代的火山活动及次火山岩侵入相关。该矿床处于东天山极端干旱荒漠地带,是东天山最炎热的地区之一,最高温度达到60℃,降水量平均只有34.1mm/y。干旱少雨和极大的蒸发作用造成氧化带极其发育,厚达50m~60m,由一系列复杂罕见的硫酸盐矿物组成。通过对红山铜-金矿床中石英闪长岩—黑云母花岗岩—二长花岗岩中角闪石、黑云母的K-Ar年龄测定,其年龄分别为296.5±6.7Ma、232.0±3.5Ma和217.10±6.4Ma,其中黑云母花岗岩的黑云母Ar-Ar年龄为238.0±2.4Ma,相当于晚石炭世末-三叠纪。并且由于含矿火山岩含有花岗岩的角砾,表明与成矿有关的岩浆活动晚于上述花岗岩,应为中生代的产物。区域上,三亚、白石泉花岗岩、红柳构花岗岩年龄以及白山钼矿的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄均为三叠纪,表明东天山地区存在中生代成岩成矿事件。对红山矿区氧化带三种含钾硫酸盐矿物进行了K-Ar年龄测试,结果显示现今地表以下1m的绿钾铁矾K-Ar年龄为56.0±4.0Ma,地表以下1.5m的高铁叶绿矾的K-Ar年龄为8.6±1.1Ma,地表以下10m的绿钾铁矾K-Ar年龄为14.7±1.7Ma,地表以下14m的斜钾铁矾K-Ar年龄为4.1±0.4Ma。因此推测红山矿床氧化带不同硫酸盐矿物的表生年龄分布在60~3.7Ma之间。不同类型矿床的氧化带年龄亦表明氧化带氧化作用主要发生在新生代。所获得的氧化带年龄与印度—亚洲大陆碰撞及随后青藏高原的多期幕式隆升时限具有较好的对应关系,可能是青藏高原碰撞隆升远程效应的表现和记录。同时,本研究初步提出使用不同种类硫酸盐矿物作为气候变化指标的可能,对于新生代以来PETM等事件研究具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

Petrogenesis of Permian alkaline lamprophyres and diabases from the Spanish Central System and their geodynamic context within western Europe   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

D. Orejana  C. Villaseca  K. Billström  B. A. Paterson 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,156(4):477-500

Basic to ultrabasic alkaline lamprophyres and diabases intruded within the Spanish Central System (SCS) during Upper Permian. Their high LREE, LILE and HFSE contents, together with positive Nb–Ta anomalies, link their origin with the infiltration of sublithospheric K-rich fluids. These alkaline dykes may be classified in two distinct groups according to the Sr–Nd isotope ratios: (1) a depleted PREMA-like asthenospheric component, and (2) a BSE-like lithospheric component. A slight enrichment in radiogenic ²⁰⁷Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb allows the contribution of a recycled crustal or lithospheric component in the mantle sources. The intrusion of this alkaline magmatism is likely to have occurred due to adiabatic decompression and mantle upwelling in the context of the widespread rifting developed from Carboniferous to Permian in western Europe. The clear differences in the geochemical affinity of Lower Permian basic magmas from north-western and south-western Europe might be interpreted in terms of a more extensive separation of both regions during that period, until they were assembled during Upper Permian. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

阿尔泰造山带南缘和准噶尔板块北缘晚古生代构造演化及多金属成矿作用   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

张海祥  牛贺才  沈晓明  马林  于学元 《矿床地质》2008,27(5):596-604

研究表明,阿尔泰南缘和准噶尔北缘晚古生代大地构造演化及成矿作用均受古亚洲洋形成与演化的控制。晚古生代该地区经历了3个不同性质的构造演化阶段,同时伴有不同的多金属成矿作用。早泥盆世,由于古亚洲洋板块的俯冲,在阿尔泰南缘形成了一系列陆缘断陷盆地,并伴随以铅、锌、铜、铁多金属为主的矿化;同时,俯冲的古亚洲洋板块发生部分熔融,形成了埃达克岩及与其有关的铜矿床。随着板块俯冲的继续,中泥盆世出现了前弧盆地,并形成了铜-铅-锌多金属矿床。至石炭纪,西伯利亚板块与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块发生碰撞,在额尔齐斯缝合带附近出现了由于挤压作用而形成的金矿床,同时,在缝合带北侧(阿尔泰地区),由于壳型花岗岩的广泛发育,形成了稀有金属矿床。早二叠世,在额尔齐斯缝合带附近又发生了碰撞后的板内拉张作用,从而诱发了一系列与地幔作用有关的岩浆活动,形成了以喀拉通克为代表的铜-镍矿化。因此,阿尔泰南缘和准噶尔北缘晚古生代多金属找矿远景区包括:阿勒泰南缘早泥盆世火山-沉积盆地内铅、锌、铜及铁多金属矿床和准噶尔北缘早泥盆世与埃达克岩有关的铜矿床;中泥盆世前弧盆地内的铜多金属矿床;石炭纪额尔齐斯缝合带内与碰撞有关的金矿床及稀有金属矿床;早二叠世与板内拉张有关的铜-镍多金属矿床。  相似文献   

龙门山断裂带北段晚新近纪以来的右行走滑运动及其构造变换研究——以青川断裂为例   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

樊春  王二七  王刚  王世锋 《地质科学》2008,43(3):417-433

龙门山断裂带位于青藏高原东缘,构成了青藏高原和四川盆地的重要构造边界。近年来的研究表明:在新生代晚期,除了存在逆冲推覆之外,龙门山的中段和南段还发生了明显的右行走滑活动。对龙门山北段的青川断裂进行的系统研究发现:断裂具有明显的右行走滑特征,沿断裂发育大量不同规模的水系位错,其中嘉陵江水系位错规模最大,据此可确定青川断裂的最大位移量为17km。进一步的野外工作证实断裂的走滑位移在尾端发生构造变换,位于断裂南西端的轿子顶穹隆是叠加构造,吸收了青川断裂的部分位移量;位于断裂北东端的汉中盆地则是处于伸展应力环境下的断陷盆地,吸收了其大部分位移量。  相似文献   

Geochronology of Pliocene volcanism in the Dzhavakheti Highland (the Lesser Caucasus). Part 2: Eastern part of the Dzhavakheti Highland. Regional geological correlation     

V. A. Lebedev  S. N. Bubnov  O. Z. Dudauri  G. T. Vashakidze 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2008,16(5):553-574

The results of isotopic-geochronological study of the Pliocene volcanic rocks in reference sections and volcanic edifices of eastern part of the Dzhavakheti Highland (the northwestern Lesser Caucasus) are considered. The isotopic-geochronological data obtained here are correlated with data on western part of the Dzhavakheti Highland, which have been considered in previous part of this work. Based on correlation, time spans of principal volcanic events of the Pliocene in the study region as a whole are determined, and general trends of the young magmatism evolution within the region are established. In sum, the isotopic-geochronological dates evidence that the Pliocene magmatism of the Dzhavakheti Highland developed practically without essential breaks during the period of about 2 Ma long, from 3.75 to 1.75–1.55 Ma ago. The areal basic volcanism that was most widespread at that time is divisible into five discrete phases according to the isotopic dates obtained. Comparatively short pauses, which separated these phases of magmatic activity, were a few hundreds thousand years long, not more. Chemical composition of moderately acidic to silicic volcanics, which are of a limited distribution in the Dzhavakheti Highland, and their age relations with basic lavas of the region suggest that they are most likely the differentiation products of parental basic mantle-derived magmas. The analyzed distribution of volcanic centers, which erupted basic lavas of the Dzhavakheti Highland, evidence that first two phases of basic magmatism were connected here with volcanic activity in southwestern part of the region (northern termination of the Egnakhag Ridge), whereas activity of volcanoes situated on the east, predominantly in water-shed part and on slopes of the submeridional Dzhavakheti Ridge, controlled development of the third and fourth phases. Consequently, magmatic activity of the Pliocene stage in history of the Neogene-Quaternary magmatism of the Dzhavakheti Highland laterally migrated from the west to the east, being controlled by development of regional submeridional extension zones. Volcanic ridges marking the latter are formed by volcanic edifices, which are amalgamated at their bases and have erupted lavas of close age and composition. The migration of volcanic activity can be described in terms of the “domino effect,” when cessation of volcanism in one zone led to formation of the other submeridional zone of extension and magmatic activity displaced from the west eastward in sublatitudinal direction. In general, evolution of the Pliocene magmatism of the Dzhavakheti Highland, was similar, despite the essential regional peculiarities, to the generalized trend of magmatism evolution in the continental rifts and intraplate zones of the “hot-spot” type.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of the mafic dykes in the Prakasam Alkaline Province of Eastern Ghats Belt, India: Implications for the genesis of continental rift-zone magmatism     

K. Vijaya Kumar  K. Rathna 《Lithos》2008,104(1-4):306-326

Mesoproterozoic rift-zone magmatism in the Prakasam Alkaline Province of Eastern Ghats Belt, India is represented by three geochemically distinct primary mafic magmas and their plutonic differentiates. The three mafic magmas correspond to the alkali basaltic dykes, gabbroic dykes and lamprophyric dykes. The dyke activity is synchronous with the host plutons and belongs to the 1350–1250 Ma period Mesoproterozoic magmatism. Geochemical signatures suggest that the alkali basaltic dykes have a source in the thermal boundary layer, which has a history of prior melt extraction followed by enrichment. Both the gabbroic and lamprophyric dykes are derived from lithospheric sources and their geochemical variation can be explained by “vein-plus-wall-rock melting model”. Vein/wall-rock ratio is low for the sources of gabbroic dykes, whereas it is high for the lamprophyric dykes. Geochemistry of the gabbro dykes further indicates preservation of previous arc-signals by the lithosphere beneath the Prakasam Alkaline Province during the Mesoproterozoic. Geochemical signatures of lamproite, which could be a cratonic expression of the rift-triggered magmatism in the Prakasam Province, suggest a general increase in the metasomatic imprint with increasing lithosphere thickness from cratonic margin towards interior. It is found that geochemistry of continental rift-zone magmatism of the Prakasam rift is remarkably similar to that of the Gardar rift of South Greenland. It appears that the geodynamic conditions under which melting occurred in the Prakasam Alkaline Province are similar to that of a propagating rift with variable contributions from the convective mantle and subcontinental lithosphere mantle to the rift-zone magmas. The present study illustrates how fertility and chemical heterogeneity of the lithosphere play significant roles in the creation of enormous geochemical diversity characteristic of continental rift-zone magmatism.  相似文献   

青藏高原西北缘晚新生代沉积岩古流向的磁化率各向异性确定及其构造意义   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5  

裴军令  孙知明  李海兵  司家亮  潘家伟  刘静  刘雪刚  赵越 《岩石学报》2008,24(7)

古流向的确定是重建沉积物来源及沉积过程的有效方法,而磁化率各向异性作为古流向恢复的可靠信息载体在室内沉积实验和具体工作中已得到认可.本文对青藏高原西北缘柯克亚剖面晚新生代地层鸟恰群、阿图什组和西域组80块样品开展了磁组构研究,磁面理与磁线理图、磁化率各向异性度与磁化率椭球体形状因子图直观地说明研究对象均具有磁面理较磁线理发育的特点,代表了原生沉积组构特征.柯克亚剖面乌恰群、阿图什组和西域组的磁化率各向异性测量则恢复了三个时期的古流向.古流向在不同时期的变迁显示了重要的青藏高原西北缘的隆升信息.乌恰群与阿图什组、阿图什组与西域组之间的古流向的改变反映出西昆仑山北缘具有西早东晚的构造隆升过程.  相似文献