中南美洲地区地震序列的特征     

李钦祖  刁桂苓 《华北地震科学》1998,16(4):1-9

共搜集到１９６０￣１９９０年中、南美洲地区１０个地震序列。其中１个是板内地震序列。这个板内地震序列表现出的特征是：震中分布区域的长轴较短,长短轴之比低;余震震源机制和主震震源机制相比变化大。其余９个是俯冲带上的板缘地震序列,它们的共同特征是：震中分布区域的长轴较长;震源深度下限超过地壳,可以达到７０ｋｍ以下（第１０号序列例外）;主震的震源机制受俯站带的走向、倾向和倾角的控制。但是这些震序列又分为两  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEWS     

《The Professional geographer》1985,37(4):495-522

Book Reviewed in this article: Portable Utopia: Glasgow and the United States 1820–1920. Bernard Aspinwall. Studies in Russian Historical Geography. James H. Bater and R. A. French, eds. Water and Sanitation: Economic and Sociological Perspectives. Peter G. Bourne, ed. Green Politics. Fritjof Capra and Charlene Spretnak. The Southern Cone: Realities of the Authoritarian State. César N. Caviedes. Women in Third World Development. Sue Ellen Charlton. Land Management: New Directions. David Chiddick and Alan Millington, eds. Geography and Ethnic Pluralism. Colin Clarke, David Ley, Ceri Peach, eds. Geomorphological Hazards in Los Angeles. R. U. Cooke. Regional Impacts of United States-Mexico Economic Relations. Alfonso Corona and Lay James Gibson. eds. Patterns of Jobs and Geographic Mobility. Torvald Gerger. Cities and Sickness: Health Care in Urban America. Ann Lennarson Greer and Scott Greer, eds. Neighborhoods: Their Place in Urban Life. Howard W. Hallman. Development and the Rural-Urban Divide. John Harriss and Mick Moore, eds. Patterns of Undocumented Migration: Mexico and the United States. Richard C. Jones, ed. Central Place Theory. Leslie J. King. The Geography of Western Europe: A Socio-economic Survey. Paul L. Knox. Regions and Resources: Strategies for Development. David T. Krisge, Daniel A. Seiver, Oliver S. Goldsmith and Michael J. Scott. Geography of Crowding and Human Response. A Study of Ahmedabad City. K. M. Kulkarni. Haciendo Pueblo. The Development of a Guadalajaran Suburb. Kathleen Logan. The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa. Stewart A. Marks. Water in the Hispanic Southwest: A Social and Legal History, 1550–1850. Michael C. Meyer. Imlil: A Moroccan Mountain Community in Change. James A. Miller. Tourism in Canada: Selected Issues and Options. Peter E. Murphy, ed. David Harvey's Geography. John L. Paterson. Raster Scanning, Processing and Plotting of Cartographic Documents. Donna J. Peuquet and A. Raymond Boyle. The USSR and the Muslim World: Issues in Domestic and Foreign Policy. Yaacov Ro'i, ed. Environmental Perception and Behavior: An Inventory and Prospect. Thomas F. Saarinen, David Seamon, and James L. Sell. Incised channels, Morphology, Dynamics, and Control. Stanley A. Schumm, Michael D. Harvey, and Chester C. Watson. The Gap Between Rich and Poor: Contending Perspectives on the Political Economy of Development. Mitchell A. Seligson, ed. Twentieth-Century Richmond. Planning, Politics and Race. Christopher Silver. Land Conservation and Development: Examples of Land-Use Planning Projects and Programs. F. R. Steiner and H. N. van Lier, eds. Biogeography: Recent Advances and Future Directions. J. A. Taylor, ed. Late Quaternary Environments of the Soviet Union. A. A. Velichko, ed. H. E. Wright, Jr. and C. W. Barnosky, eds.  相似文献   

催化阴极溶出伏安法测定海水中的铁及实验条件的优化     

杨军  王宇婧  张曼平 《海洋技术学报》2001,20(3):61-64

电分析测定海水样品中的铁离子具有准确、快速的优点 ,通过拉丁方正交实验设计分析各个因子的影响 ,优化了催化阴极溶出伏安法的实验条件。分析表明催化电流受到 p H值的显著影响 ,而其它试剂的浓度及富集时间对峰高影响不显著 ,优化后方法的检出限为 6.5× 10 - 1 0 mol· dm- 3,线性范围在 1× 10 - 9mol· dm- 3至 1× 10 - 6 m ol·dm- 3。可应用于海水中痕量铁的分析。  相似文献   

Reproductive ecology and abundance of the sand tiger shark, Carcharias taurus, from the southwestern Atlantic     

Lucifora  Luis O.; Menni  Roberto C.; Escalante  Alicia H. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2002,59(3):553-561

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南美洲恐怖袭击事件时空演变研究     

申玉坤  骆华松  洪菊花  张路 《世界地理研究》2021,30(1):12-24

采用核密度估计法和重心分析对1970—2017年南美洲恐怖袭击事件时空演变过程进行了分析。结果表明：1980—1999年是南美洲恐怖袭击事件的高发期;南美洲恐怖袭击事件空间分异显著,1970—1979年主要集中于哥伦比亚和阿根廷,高发期主要集中分布于哥伦比亚、秘鲁、智利,2000年以来主要集中分布于哥伦比亚,近年委内瑞拉、巴拉圭的恐怖袭击活动也有抬头之势。南美洲恐怖袭击事件的时空演变是由地理环境、地缘政治博弈、经济社会环境、毒品贸易、政府的应对策略和社会控制体系、武器易获得、边界管控等多因素综合作用的结果。基于上述结论和维护中国在南美洲利益的需要,提出中国应加强与南美洲国家的反恐合作。受南美洲恐怖袭击活动有跨境渗透现象且呈现“毒恐合流”现象的启示,认为中国应警惕东南亚恐怖袭击活动是否会向境内渗透并向“毒恐合流”方向发展。  相似文献   

Effectively communicating the removal of fossil energy subsidies: Evidence from Latin America     

《Global Environmental Change》2023

Fossil energy subsidies create a series of distortions that often have negative environmental and social consequences. Yet, since subsidies confer salient and tangible benefits in the form of cheaper prices, citizens are very resistant to reforms. This research investigates how to best communicate the removal of fossil subsidies using a highly powered, pre-registered study with 5,498 participants across 11 countries in Latin America. We assessed baseline knowledge and views about subsidies and randomly assigned participants to one of eight experimental conditions varying in both the aspects emphasized (e.g., environment, distributive justice, prospective fiscal benefits) and the form of providing the message (i.e., complete or summarized information). Our results show that citizens (a) display a generalized lack of knowledge about the existence of energy subsidies, (b) are very unwilling to remove these subsidies once they know of their existence, and (c) would like subsidies to actually increase rather than decrease. Despite these results, our experiment revealed that communication strategies can be tailored to increase the acceptance of energy reforms. Specifically, emphasizing the negative consequences of subsidies (e.g., overconsumption of natural resources and unfair allocation of resources to the wealthy) is more effective than highlighting the potential benefits to be obtained via their removal (e.g., higher investment in healthcare, education, public safety, or welfare programs). Further, providing complete information is more effective than offering summarized pieces of information. These findings provide guidance on how to effectively communicate energy reforms.  相似文献   

全球奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气藏综述   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

王建坡  沈安江  蔡习尧  罗友成  李越 《地层学杂志》2008,32(4)

奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气田主要分布于北美、北欧、中国和澳大利亚。在北美,油气藏主要分布于下奥陶统El-lenburger组选择性白云岩化和经喀斯特改造的碳酸盐岩层系中;上奥陶统的Trenton-Black River灰岩,特别是Trenton灰岩段的构造破碎和白云岩化作用是影响油气成藏的主控因素;Red River组油藏则受控于构造圈闭。北欧哥特兰岛Klasen灰岩储集空间则以灰泥丘原生孔隙和断裂、缝合线为主。中国奥陶系油气藏分布于鄂尔多斯盆地和塔里木盆地,成藏条件相对复杂:在鄂尔多斯盆地,主要与膏云岩经大气淡水淋滤作用形成的风化壳密切相关,也有白云岩、生物礁等多种储集体;而塔里木盆地塔中地区储集体集中于礁滩相,还包括台地灰岩和台缘浅滩白云岩等其他相带,沉积间断面上的古喀斯特作用是成藏的主控因素。澳大利亚的坎宁盆地是较新的勘探区,其油气聚集方式与北美Ellenburger组相似。  相似文献   

Neotropical vegetation response to rapid climate changes during the last glacial period: Palynological evidence from the Cariaco Basin     

Catalina González  Lydie M. Dupont 《Quaternary Research》2008,69(2):217-230

We present new palynological information from the anoxic Cariaco Basin, off Venezuela, that provides insight into the response of northernmost South American vegetation to rapid climate changes between 68 and 28 ka, specifically during North Atlantic Heinrich events (HEs) and Dansgaard/Oeschger cycles. We defined three different vegetation modes: (1) an interstadial mode characterized by the highest pollen concentration and the maximum extension of semi-deciduous and evergreen forests; (2) a stadial mode characterized by increases of salt marshes, herbs, and montane forests; and (3) a Heinrich event mode characterized by the lowest pollen concentrations, abrupt increases of salt marshes, and decreased forest abundance. Similarly, indices of C4/C3 plants show increases during stadials with clear peaks during the onset of HEs, though grasslands did not become dominant during these periods. We alternatively propose that these expansions of C4 plants are associated with the expansion of coastal salt marshes. Our vegetation record suggests the prevalence of humid conditions during interstadials, dry and cold conditions during stadials, and dry and cold conditions together with changes in sea level during HEs. This new palynological evidence supports previous interpretations that main environmental changes in northernmost South America were driven by latitudinal displacements of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and sea-level changes.  相似文献   

中美地理学近百年发展脉络的比较研究——基于《地理学报》和Annals of the Association of American   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴殿廷  吴巧新  刘睿文  宋金平 《地球科学进展》2008,23(6):553-561

基于《地理学报》和Annals of the Association of American Geographers学术论文的统计,对比近百年中美两国地理学的发展脉络,着重从总体特征、重点研究内容及其变化、理论—实践关系三方面对比异同,获得经验和借鉴。美国地理学经过初期发展、高速发展后,目前进入持续发展阶段;中国地理学在曲折中崛起,目前正处在高速发展时期。美国地理学中人文地理学一直居主导地位,中国则从重视自然地理开始逐渐向自然、人文、方法三足鼎立方向迈进;美国地理学家非常重视微观、中观实践,但在国家宏观决策中远没有中国地理学家发挥作用更直接。美国地理学研究水平高于中国,但这种差距正在缩小,研究方向的变化相差3~5年。世界地理研究中心有向亚太地区、向中国转移的可能,中国地理学家要勇于创建具有中国特色的地理学派。  相似文献   

对矿业全球化之理解与思考——参加矿业大会的几点感想     

杨庆祥 《化工矿产地质》2008,30(1):60-64

分析了当今矿业的全球化趋势:既有矿产资源的共享,也有矿产投资的遍地开花。对此,国土资源部提出了"落实科学发展,推进绿色矿业"。而对于国内的矿山企业来讲,国内的资源已经远远不能满足国家发展的需要以及自身壮大的需求。在政府的相关优惠政策下,"走出去"便成了他们唯一的出路,非洲和南美均是他们心目中理想的伊甸园。通过国外的地质勘查、找矿采矿以及上市融资、兼并重组等方式,在各国高手林立的围困中谋求自身的发展,由小做大,由弱变强,前景亦相当可观。  相似文献