矿物组分对龙马溪组页岩动、静态弹性特征的影响          下载免费PDF全文

王斌  邓继新  刘喜武  潘建国  王佳庆  肖顺垚 《地球物理学报》2019,62(12):4833-4845

龙马溪组页岩是目前国内页岩气勘探的主要层位之一,其静态弹性性质是影响压裂效果的重要因素,而动态弹性性质则是页岩"甜点"地震预测的重要基础.但对龙马溪组页岩动、静态弹性特征相互关系及其影响因素缺少对比研究,致使运用动态弹性性质进行"甜点"预测时存在不确定性.在对龙马溪组页岩样品系统动、静态性质联合测量基础上,分析了页岩样品动、静态弹性性质的变化规律,并讨论了成岩作用与动、静态弹性性质变化规律的因果关系.研究结果表明,龙马溪组页岩上下两段成岩过程存在明显差异,致使上段页岩在结构上表现为以塑性黏土颗粒作为受力骨架,而下段页岩在结构上逐渐转变为脆性石英颗粒作为受力骨架.页岩岩石结构特征的变化控制了动、静态弹性特征的整体变化规律,表现为动、静态杨氏模量、峰值强度等随石英含量的增大表现出近似"V"型的变化形式,而与钙质含量变化呈现正相关关系,与黏土含量变化表现出负相关性.上段页岩宏观力学性质受微观石英+黏土颗粒集合体弹性性质控制,应力应变曲线表现出明显塑性段,动、静态杨氏模量比大于1.4,破裂易于发生在黏土与石英颗粒边界形成宏观单剪型破裂模式,样品脆性低,且脆性变化不受石英含量的影响.下段页岩宏观力学性质受微观石英颗粒集合体弹性性质控制,应力应变曲线表现为弹性变形,动、静态杨氏模量比小于1.4,破裂发生在石英颗粒内部形成宏观劈裂型破裂模式,样品脆性高,且脆性变化与石英含量呈明显正相关关系.研究结果可为龙马溪页气储层的测井解释和地震"甜点"预测提供依据.  相似文献   

ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE OF THE PERMIAN VOLCANISM IN LUCAOGOU FORMATION IN JIMSAR SAG,JUNGGAR BASIN,NORTHWEST CHINA          下载免费PDF全文

QU Chang-sheng  QIU Long-wei  YANG Yong-qiang  YU Kuan-hong  TANG Li-li  WAN Min 《地震地质》2019,41(3):789-802

The lithological features, the types of organic matter and its occurrence and carbon and oxygen isotopic value were clarified by combining core observation, thin slice authentication, X ray diffraction analysis, kerogen type identification and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis. The characteristic of strata, the distribution of volcanoes of Junggar Basin were also taken into consideration. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to evaluate environmental response of volcanism in Lucaogou formation in Jimsar sag. The results show that rocks is a mixed sedimentation of effusive rock and carbonate rocks, volcanic materials is widely developed in Lucaogou formation and origins from the edge of sag or distant source volcano activity. Organic matter is predominantly unstructural algae and asphaltene. The carbon isotopic value of carbonates ranges between 6.8‰ and 9.7‰ with an average of 8.3‰, featured in high positive excursions, while oxygen isotopic value varies from -11.9‰ to -4.3‰ with an average of -6.2‰. During the period of volcanic activity, the volcanic material released high amounts of nutrient to the lake basin, which is beneficial to the algae and other organic organisms. In the poor oxygen and calm water environments, the organic matter is distributed in the laminar algal and the carbon isotope value is high positive drift. During the intermittent period of volcanic activity, the lake level decreased and the lake bottom water changed to the oxygen-enriched environments. The organic matter is locally enriched or dispersed in local layers, and the carbon isotope values decreased slightly. The frequent volcanic activity promoted the organism boom, which lead carbon isotope value to have high positive characteristics and change trends.  相似文献   

Timing and development of sedimentation of the Cleaverville Formation and a post‐accretion pull‐apart system in the Cleaverville area,coastal Pilbara Terrane,Pilbara, Western Australia     

Shoichi Kiyokawa  Yuhei Aihara  Mami Takehara  Kenji Horie 《Island Arc》2019,28(6)

In the Cleaverville area of Western Australia, the Regal, Dixon Island, and Cleaverville Formations preserve a Mesoarchean lower‐greenschist‐facies volcano‐sedimentary succession in the coastal Pilbara Terrane. These formations are distributed in a rhomboidal‐shaped area and are unconformably overlain by two narrowly distributed shallow‐marine sedimentary sequences: the Sixty‐Six Hill and Forty‐Four Hill Members of the Lizard Hills Formation. The former member is preserved within the core of the Cleaverville Syncline and the latter formed along the northeast‐trending Eighty‐Seven Fault. Based on the metamorphic grade and structures, two deformation events are recognized: D₁ resulted in folding caused by a collisional event, and D₂ resulted in regional sinistral strike‐slip deformation. A previous study reported that the Cleaverville Formation was deposited at 3020 Ma, after the Prinsep Orogeny (3070–3050 Ma). Our SHRIMP U–Pb zircon ages show that: (i) graded volcaniclastic–felsic tuff within the black shale sequence below the banded iron formation in the Cleaverville Formation yields an age of (3 114 ±14) Ma; (ii) the youngest zircons in sandstones of the Sixty‐Six Hill Member, which unconformably overlies pillow basalt of the Regal Formation, yield ages of 3090–3060 Ma; and (iii) zircons in sandstones of the Forty‐Four Hill Member show two age peaks at 3270 Ma and 3020 Ma. In this way, the Cleaverville Formation was deposited at 3114–3060 Ma and was deformed at 3070–3050 Ma (D₁). Depositional age of the Cleaverville Formation is at least 40–90 Myr older than that proposed in previous studies and pre‐dates the Prinsep Orogeny (3070–3050 Ma). After 3020 Ma, D₂ resulted in the formation of a regional strike‐slip pull‐apart basin in the Cleaverville area. The lower‐greenschist‐facies volcano‐sedimentary rocks are distributed only within this basin structure. This strike‐slip deformation was synchronous with crustal‐scale sinistral shear deformation (3000–2930 Ma) in the Pilbara region.  相似文献   

渤东凹陷东营组烃源岩评价   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

文志刚  何文祥  米立军  刘逸  王根照 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2005,24(3):204-206

渤东凹陷是渤海海域下一步油气勘探的重点地区之一。本文通过对渤东凹陷单井烃源岩的有机地球化学分析和与渤中凹陷烃源岩的对比研究,结合渤东凹陷盆地模拟成果,得出以下认识：渤东凹陷南部东营组半深湖深湖相泥岩的有机质丰度高,有机质类型好,有机质演化已处于成熟阶段,因而东营组暗色泥岩具有较高的生烃潜力,是一套良好的烃源岩层。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷沙一段源岩的成烃动力学参数特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

常振恒  沈忠民  陈义才  汪巍 《矿物岩石》2005,25(1):80-82

运用成烃动力学原理对东濮凹陷沙一段源岩进行研究表明,沙一段源岩中的成烃有机质具有非均质性．沙一段目前正在生烃的活化能范围为90kJ／mol～110kJ／mol之间．对应的成熟生烃门限埋深约在2200m左右。该结果为评价沙一段源岩提供了基于动力学上的证据．同时对推进沙一段的油气勘探具有积极意义。  相似文献   

Formation of Humic-like Substances in Mixed and Pure Cultures of Aquatic Microorganisms     

H. Claus  G. Gleixner  Z. Filip 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1999,27(4):200-207

A natural decay of plant and animal biomass in aquatic environments results in the release of different simple structured organic substances into water. In our laboratory experiments we investigated whether some of them, e.g., starch or peptone, and also a complex yeast biomass can be transformed into humic-like substances by natural assemblages and some pure cultures of aquatic microorganisms. After a 6 months incubation most of the cultural media enriched with those natural organic substrates turned dark in color and humic-like substances (HS) could be isolated. However, the original substrate organic carbon was mainly mineralized in microbial cultures, and only about 3 % C was converted into HS. Total yields of HS differed in dependence of the individual substrate used (peptone > yeast > starch), the origin of inoculum (river > lake > groundwater), and the incubation temperature (20°C > 10°C). According to their elemental composition, and their spectroscopical and electrophoretic characteristics the microbially formed HS resembled natural aquatic humic matter, but were higher in aliphatic constituents (carbohydrates, peptides) and lower in aromatic structures. HS-like substances were also obtained from pure cultures of a bacterium Bacillus sphaericus and a fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides. The ¹³C and ¹⁵N isotopic contents of the microbially produced HS differed in dependence on the microbial inoculum and the type of organic substrates used, but in general they indicated anabolic processes to be mainly responsible for the humification of the simple organic substrates used in our experiments.  相似文献   

黑龙江龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组时代确定新证据及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张渝金  吴新伟  张超  郭威  杨雅军  孙革 《地学前缘》2018,25(1):182-196

黑龙江西部大兴安岭地区侏罗纪地层研究程度不高,以往中侏罗世含煤地层的确定主要借助于与吉林西部万宝组的对比。近年来随着新一轮大兴安岭地区含煤及油气地层的区域地质调查工作的开展,笔者在大兴安岭地区中段的龙江盆地（黑龙江省龙江县以西）发现一套新的中侏罗世含煤地层,该地层由砂砾岩和火山碎屑岩夹煤层组成。文中对龙江盆地万宝组火山岩夹层内2件凝灰岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年分析,获得凝灰岩形成时代,其年龄分别为(165.2±1.7) Ma和(162.1±1.6) Ma;笔者采得的植物大化石为Neocalamites Coniopteris Raphaelia组合,时代显示为早-中侏罗世;孢粉化石经初步鉴定,时代倾向于早-中侏罗世;综合同位素年龄及地层古生物研究,笔者认为龙江盆地万宝组的形成时代为中侏罗世晚期。地球化学分析显示：万宝组凝灰岩具有高Si、Al,低Ca、P过铝质钙碱性火山岩特点,富集轻稀土元素,配分曲线呈平缓右倾型,并具有明显负Eu异常;富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Th、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ti、Zr,反映火山岩为壳源成因类型。万宝期火山活动可能与古太平洋板块俯冲作用和蒙古-鄂霍茨克缝合带演化双重作用有关,而与蒙古-鄂霍茨克缝合带演化联系更密切。目前中侏罗统万宝组是油气勘探的重要新层系,本研究不仅为大兴安岭东坡地区中侏罗世含煤地层的划分、对比提供同位素年代学和生物地层学依据,而且为龙江盆地形成演化历史及油气资源勘查提供了基础地质新资料。  相似文献   

西藏改则地区美苏组岩浆岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张耀玲  沈燕绪  吴珍汉  赵珍 《地质力学学报》2018,24(1):128-136

西藏中部南羌塘改则盆地美苏组由砖红色砂砾岩和火山岩夹层组成,一些学者在美苏组建组剖面等地获得古新世-始新世的K-Ar年龄（34.0~69.1Ma）,目前对其形成时代还缺少可靠的年代学约束。应用激光烧蚀多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（LA-MC-ICP-MS）方法,对改则盆地美苏组沉积地层中的流纹岩、石英粗安岩和花岗斑岩中锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测定。结果表明,改则盆地美苏组红层中的三个火山岩样品及一个侵入岩样品岩浆锆石206Pb/238U年龄分别为38.3±0.5 Ma、39.0±0.3 Ma、37.4±0.4 Ma、38.8±0.6 Ma,从而限定了该地区美苏组沉积时代为始新世晚期。改则地区美苏组岩浆岩形成时代为班公湖-怒江缝合带调节印度-欧亚大陆碰撞之后高原内部刚性块体向东"逃逸"而重新活动提供了年代学证据。   相似文献   

徐家围子断陷深层火石岭组致密火山岩储层地应力分布规律研究   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

毛哲  曾联波  秦龙卜  祖克威  刘国平  田鹤 《地质力学学报》2018,24(3):321-331

徐家围子断陷位于松辽盆地北部,其深层中生代火石岭组为致密火山岩气藏,天然裂缝发育,地应力分布非均质性强。结合诱导裂缝法与井径崩落法进行单井现今地应力方向分析,利用声波测井法计算现今地应力大小的纵向分布。依据火石岭组构造顶底面图、火山岩相组及断层分布特征建立非均质三维地质模型;在动、静态岩石物理参数拟合校正的基础上,结合实验测试及已有研究成果,确定不同岩相组和断层岩石物理参数,建立三维力学模型;利用Ansys有限元数值模拟软件建立火石岭组三维数学模型并进行相关运算获得三维现今地应力分布模型。计算结果表明在火石岭组地层中,水平最大主应力方向主要为东西向,应力值范围在86~110 MPa;水平最小主应力方向主要为南北向,应力值范围在67~84 MPa。分析模拟结果可知火山岩相、断层和构造起伏三者对火石岭组现今地应力分布影响较大。其中水平主应力的方向主要受断层和近火山口相分布的影响,而水平主应力的大小则是受三者综合作用。在构造低部位,近火山口相组发育处,断层上盘及断层端部皆为主应力的集中区域。依据现今地应力研究成果可为徐家围子断陷下一步开发井网部署、压裂改造方案和水平井的设计以及注水管理提供重要指导。   相似文献   

尼日尔Termit盆地上白垩统成藏条件分析与勘探策略     

袁圣强  毛凤军  郑凤云  张光亚  刘计国  吕明胜  程小岛 《地学前缘》2018,25(2):42-50

尼日尔Termit盆地纵向上主要发育白垩系和古近系两套大的成藏组合,其中上组合古近系Sokor组为主力成藏组合,下组合白垩系为潜在成藏组合。盆地整体从下到上发育了下白垩统陆相-上白垩统海相-古近系陆相沉积旋回,发育了特殊的海侵层序。随着Termit盆地古近系主力成藏组合的勘探程度越来越高,亟待开辟新的勘探领域。基于研究和勘探实践,对Termit盆地下组合(白垩系)勘探新层系进行了探索。下组合白垩系又可以细分为K1、Donga组和Yogou组上段(YS3段)3个成藏组合,通过构造建模、沉积体系研究和油气成藏条件分析,认为YS3段具有较好的成藏条件,是下步勘探的重点领域。YS3段形成于海平面高频震荡下行时期,总体为海陆过渡相,三角洲体系发育,以砂泥互层沉积为主;其中发育的泥岩为该盆地主力烃源岩且大面积成熟,生烃潜力大,同时又是非常好的局部盖层;三角洲相石英砂岩结构和成分成熟度高,可做良好储层,且与烃源岩交互发育,埋藏适中,因此YS3段具有良好的“近源”油气成藏条件。结合构造研究和钻井揭示特征进行Yogou组时期沉积体系研究,建立时间与空间演化序列特征,评价物源体系和储层发育特征,进而优选有利勘探区带。通过盆地东、西和南缘沉积期古地形的对比研究,认为Yogou组时期盆地在不同盆地边缘位置具有不同的地形和沉积体系发育特征,西部Dinga断阶带为“陡坡带”特征,隆起区通过几组深大断裂快速进入深凹区,连接隆起和深凹区的斜坡区较窄;南部Yogou斜坡区和东部Fana低凸起地区地形较缓,斜坡区域面积大,有利区带广,据此建立了“陡坡带”和“缓坡带”沉积模式。东部隆起带在晚白垩世为Termit盆地的主力物源区,西部和南部为次要物源区,因此在海侵层序后期在东部广泛发育大规模三角洲前缘砂与泥岩互层的层序,南部次之,西部规模最小。烃源岩研究认为YS3段烃源岩为陆源有机质,与物源规模有关。因此沉积体系研究认为盆地西南部和东南部“缓坡带”储层和烃源岩都更加发育,成藏条件和可勘探面积都优于盆地西部“陡坡带”。下组合白垩系Yogou组YS3段与上组合古近系Sokor组比缺乏区域盖层,上组合反向断块勘探策略不适合YS3段层系,应重点针对背斜圈闭、小断距反向断块、顺向断块和岩性圈闭进行勘探。  相似文献