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In the Cleaverville area of Western Australia, the Regal, Dixon Island, and Cleaverville Formations preserve a Mesoarchean lower‐greenschist‐facies volcano‐sedimentary succession in the coastal Pilbara Terrane. These formations are distributed in a rhomboidal‐shaped area and are unconformably overlain by two narrowly distributed shallow‐marine sedimentary sequences: the Sixty‐Six Hill and Forty‐Four Hill Members of the Lizard Hills Formation. The former member is preserved within the core of the Cleaverville Syncline and the latter formed along the northeast‐trending Eighty‐Seven Fault. Based on the metamorphic grade and structures, two deformation events are recognized: D1 resulted in folding caused by a collisional event, and D2 resulted in regional sinistral strike‐slip deformation. A previous study reported that the Cleaverville Formation was deposited at 3020 Ma, after the Prinsep Orogeny (3070–3050 Ma). Our SHRIMP U–Pb zircon ages show that: (i) graded volcaniclastic–felsic tuff within the black shale sequence below the banded iron formation in the Cleaverville Formation yields an age of (3 114 ±14) Ma; (ii) the youngest zircons in sandstones of the Sixty‐Six Hill Member, which unconformably overlies pillow basalt of the Regal Formation, yield ages of 3090–3060 Ma; and (iii) zircons in sandstones of the Forty‐Four Hill Member show two age peaks at 3270 Ma and 3020 Ma. In this way, the Cleaverville Formation was deposited at 3114–3060 Ma and was deformed at 3070–3050 Ma (D1). Depositional age of the Cleaverville Formation is at least 40–90 Myr older than that proposed in previous studies and pre‐dates the Prinsep Orogeny (3070–3050 Ma). After 3020 Ma, D2 resulted in the formation of a regional strike‐slip pull‐apart basin in the Cleaverville area. The lower‐greenschist‐facies volcano‐sedimentary rocks are distributed only within this basin structure. This strike‐slip deformation was synchronous with crustal‐scale sinistral shear deformation (3000–2930 Ma) in the Pilbara region. 相似文献
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Yuhei Yamamoto Yoshio Takahashi Yutaka Kanai Yoshio Watanabe Tomoya Uruga Hajime Tanida Yasuko Terada Hiroshi Shimizu 《Applied Geochemistry》2008,23(8):2452-2461
The uranium LIII-edge XANES spectra for natural rocks at the concentration range of 0.96–124 mg kg−1 were measured using a log spiral bent crystal Laue analyzer (BCLA) combined with a multi-element Ge detector. It was found that the quality of the XANES spectra using the BCLA was greatly improved due to a reduction of interfering fluorescence from major components such as Rb and Sr. The ratio of signal to background intensities in the U LIII-edge XANES spectra increased by a factor of 2.9–17 with the use of the BCLA, which greatly enhanced the detection limit for the speciation of the oxidation states of U or the U(IV)/U(VI) ratio of natural samples. In addition, it was demonstrated that the fluorescence XANES method coupled with the BCLA enable determination of the speciation of U for various natural samples such as acidic igneous rocks, ferromanganese nodules, sediments, and some sedimentary rocks such as shale and limestone. 相似文献
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精确测量的地幔体波走时及地幔非均匀性的强度(英文) 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
用波形相关法精确地测定了在世界各地发生的87个6级以上地震的P波, PP波和Pdiff波的503个走时数据。记录这些地震波形的是新建于西太平洋地区的海洋半球地震观测网。我们利用这些高精度的走时数据研究了地幔体波的走时残差的范围及地幔非均匀性的强度。结果表明,P波、PP波和Pdiff波的走时残差最大分别为9 s ,11 s和15 s ,这为地幔层析成像反演中应该使用的体波走时残差数据的范围提供了重要信息。超出这一范围的走时残差数据不应该用于反演中,以免歪曲成像结果。我们发现,当震中距小于40°时,P波走时残差的范围为-6到+9 s。而对于40°到99°之间的震中距,P波走时残差的范围为-3到+5s。由于震中距越大,P波穿透地幔越深,我们这一结果提供了直接和确凿的证据,表明上地幔和地幔转换带中的横向非均匀性的强度要远胜于下地幔。我们精确测量的Pdiff波的走时数据表明,在地幔底部存在显著的低速异常,可能与地幔热柱或者超级地幔柱有关。我们使用了一个最新的三维全球层析成像模型来解释这些体波走时数据的空间变化。 相似文献
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The dynamics of glacial cycles is studied in terms of the dynamical systems theory. We explore the dependence of the climate state on the phase of the astronomical forcing by examining five conceptual models of glacial cycles proposed in the literature. The models can be expressed as quasiperiodically forced dynamical systems. It is shown that four of them exhibit a strange nonchaotic attractor (SNA), which is an intermediate regime between quasiperiodicity and chaos. Then, the dependence of the climate state on the phase of the astronomical forcing is not given by smooth relations, but constitutes a geometrically strange set. Our result suggests that SNA is a candidate for representing the dynamics of glacial cycles, in addition to well-known quasiperiodicity and chaos. 相似文献
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