南盘江盆地中三叠统碎屑锆石地质年代学:物源及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨宗永  何斌 《大地构造与成矿学》2012,36(4)

南盘江盆地的物源及其构造性质至今尚未取得较为一致的认识。目前主要的观点认为其物源主要来自盆地东南面的云开大山地区,盆地的性质为古太平洋板块俯冲所形成的前陆盆地。本文采用碎屑锆石年代学方法,首次报道该盆地中三叠统碎屑锆石年龄组成,分析了该盆地的沉积物源,并基于物源分析探讨了成盆机制和板块间动力学关系。该盆地中三叠统碎屑锆石年龄组成最主要的特征性的年龄分布在320～250Ma之间,此区间内存在280Ma和250Ma两个峰值。通过与相邻各块体锆石年龄谱对比,本研究认为:(1)南盘江盆地的主要物源区应为古特提斯北缘(华南一侧)的石炭-二叠纪岩浆弧,SongMa构造带可能是三叠纪的缝合线,而不是因Sibumasu板块增生到印支板块而导致的板内活化带;(2)该盆地三叠纪时为古特提斯闭合在华南形成的前陆盆地,与古特提斯沿SongMa带向北俯冲闭合有关,前人认为的南盘江盆地形成于古太平洋板块向西北俯冲作用的观点值得商榷。  相似文献   

玄武岩成分变异原因     

杜乐天  王文广 《地质论评》2012,58(6):1017-1022

笔者等研究发现山东栖霞和浙江西垄两地新生代玄武岩中分别产有奇特的富钾霞石质和富透长石质熔体玻璃地幔捕虏体,而且它们与寄主玄武岩之间有强烈的混染反应.表明玄武岩浆不是一元系岩浆,而是不同期多元系岩浆.多元系所占比例差别很大,决定了玄武岩浆成分的多样性.另外,此玄武岩成分也很特别:①不见斜长石,主要是铬透辉石(Mg质太多);②含有较多霞石;③全岩SiO2低,37％ ～39％.此玄武岩应称为透辉石岩.  相似文献   

辽西河坎子碱性侵入杂岩体及钼多金属矿床同位素年代学研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘勇  聂凤军  方俊钦 《矿床地质》2012,31(6):1326-1336

对辽西河坎子地区与碱性杂岩体相关的钼多金属矿床进行了同位素年代学研究。所获黑云母正长花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素加权平均年龄为(235.3±1.0) Ma,MSWD值为0.68;河坎子钼多金属矿床内辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为(224.0±1.3) Ma,MSWD值为0.72。碱性杂岩体与相关的钼多金属矿床具有密切的空间关系,两者的形成时间亦比较接近,据此可推测,河坎子碱性杂岩体与相关的钼多金属矿床均为印支期构造-岩浆作用及流体活动的产物。印支期内频繁的岩浆-热液活动为该地区内钼、铜、金多金属元素的活化、迁移、富集提供了充足的热源条件。古大陆内部伸展构造环境中的碱性岩浆作用及流体活动为钼多金属矿床的形成提供了动力、物质和流体来源。  相似文献   

高喜马拉雅中段基性捕虏体的变质作用及其构造意义          下载免费PDF全文

张鑫刚  刘小汉  刘小兵  周学君 《地质科学》2012,47(2):278-289

西藏南部聂拉木—樟木剖面出露的高喜马拉雅变质带主要由副变质片麻岩和花岗质片麻岩组成,其次为伟晶岩和淡色花岗侵入体,区域变质程度为角闪岩相。我们对其中的变质基性捕虏体进行详细的变质作用研究,内容包括变质矿物组合,矿物变质反应结构和变质作用的温度—压力条件分析。基性捕虏体中的石榴子石角闪片麻岩和斜长角闪片麻岩均保存了两期变质矿物组合。温度与压力计算结果表明,石榴子石角闪片麻岩早期变质阶段(M1)温度约为829 ℃,压力为7.3 kbar; 晚期(M2)变质温度为625 ℃,压力为4.3 kbar。斜长角闪片麻岩所经历的早期变质阶段(M1)温度约为776 ℃、压力约为10.6 kbar; 晚期(M2)变质温度超过692 ℃,压力为7.4 kbar。石榴子石角闪片麻岩和斜长角闪片麻岩捕虏体均记录了典型的顺时针P-T轨迹,表明高喜马拉雅变质带曾向北俯冲到下地壳深度,之后被抬升到地表剥蚀出露。变质基性捕虏体的研究说明高喜马拉雅结晶岩系经历过较高温度—压力的变质作用,支持了其沿着藏南拆离系和主中央逆冲断裂系向南挤出的大地构造模型。  相似文献   

Origin and geodynamic environments of the metamorphic sole rocks from the İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone (Tokat,northern Turkey)     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(15):1839-1855

ABSTRACT

The Late Cretaceous accretionary complex of the ?zmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone, near Artova, is composed mainly of peridotites (variably serpentinized), amphibolite, garnet-micaschist, calc-schist, marble, basalt, sandstones, neritic limestones. The metamorphic rocks were interpreted as the metamorphic sole rocks occurring at the base of mantle tectonites, because: (i) amphibolites were observed together with the serpentinized peridotites suggesting their occurrences in the oceanic environment; (ii) foliation in amphibolites and serpentinized peridotites run subparallel to each other; (iii) all these metamorphic rocks and serpentinized peridotites are cross-cut by the unmetamorphosed dolerite dikes with island arc tholeiite-like chemistry. Geochemical characteristics of the amphibolites display enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt (E-MORB)- and ocean island basalt (OIB)-like signatures. The dolerite dikes, on the other hand, yield an island arc tholeiite-like composition. Geothermobarometric investigations of the metamorphic sole rocks suggest that the metamorphic temperature was ~650 ± 30°C and the pressure condition was less than 0.5 GPa. Dating of hornblende grains from amphibolite yielded age values ranging from 139 ± 11 to 157 ± 3.6 Ma (2σ). The oldest weighted average age value is regarded as approximating the timing of the intra-oceanic subduction. These cooling ages were interpreted to be the intra-oceanic subduction/thrusting time of the ?zmir–Ankara–Erzincan oceanic domain.  相似文献   

Miocene andesitic lavas of Sierra de Angangueo: a petrological,geochemical, and geochronological approach to arc magmatism in Central Mexico     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):603-625

ABSTRACT

The early and middle Miocene andesitic lavas of the Sierra de Angangueo (MALSA) represent one of the most prominent landforms of intermediate magmatism in Central Mexico. In this paper, we present new petrological, geochemical, thermobarometric, and geochronological data in order to discuss the conditions of MALSA’s emplacement in the lithosphere.

MALSA comprises a voluminous eroded early Miocene andesitic structure, emplaced on a Mesozoic basement. MALSA shows a wide variety of textures, from glassy and aphanitic to porphyritic, mainly composed of plagioclase (An_10-55), clinopyroxene (Wo_60-65; En_35-40), amphibole (Mg-hornblende/edenite), and rarely olivine (Fo_75–86) or orthopyroxene (En_72-80). Major and trace elements plots follow a typical calc-alkaline trend with relatively increasing fractionation.

The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotopic signatures range between 0.703343 and 0.704459 and εNd values from +1.37 to +4.84; apparently without a significant contribution of an old, thick, or highly radiogenic continental crust. Lead isotope values ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb vary between 18.68 and 18.83, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb from 15.57 to 15.65, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb from 38.39 to 38.67, suggesting contamination of magmas by juvenile crust. Thermodynamic calculations indicate equilibrium conditions at ≤900°C and ~2 kbar and an average log ?O₂ ≈ ?10.

Ar–Ar and K–Ar dating carried out on whole rock, matrix, amphibole, and plagioclase phenocrysts yielded ages between 13.0 ± 0.5 and 23.9 ± 0.3 Ma. These dates indicate a series of pulses with maximum magmatic activity between 24 and 18 Ma.

The geochemical and petrologic data suggest partial melting processes in the lower or middle crust associated with possible magma mixing during its ascent; such a mechanism could explain a hybrid mantle-lower crust origin of this large volume of andesites. The MALSA, as well as the early to middle Miocene magmatism from Western Mexico, could represent two coeval and independent magmatic arcs prior to the present Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) in Central Mexico.  相似文献   

Deformation fabrics of glaucophane schists and implications for seismic anisotropy: the importance of lattice preferred orientation of phengite     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(6):720-737

ABSTRACT

Strong seismic anisotropy is observed in many subduction zones. This effect is attributed partly to subducting oceanic crust that is transformed into blueschist facies rocks. Because blueschist facies constituents such as glaucophane, epidote, and phengite show strong anisotropic elasticity, seismic anisotropy in subducting oceanic crust can be attributed to the lattice preferred orientation (LPO) of these minerals. We studied the deformation fabrics and seismic properties of phengite-rich epidote–glaucophane schists from the Franciscan Complex of Ring Mountain, California. The samples are composed mainly of glaucophane, epidote, and phengite. Some samples contain abundant phengite, the maximum being 40%. The LPOs of glaucophane showed that the [001] axes are aligned subparallel to lineation, and both (110) poles and [100] axes are aligned subnormal to foliation. The epidote [001] axes are aligned subnormal to foliation, with both (110) and (010) poles aligned subparallel to lineation. The LPOs of phengite are characterized by the maxima of [001] axes subnormal to foliation, and both (110) and (010) poles and [100] axes are aligned in a girdle subparallel to foliation. The phengite showed substantially strong seismic anisotropy (AV_P = 42%, max.AV_S = 37%). The glaucophane schist with abundant phengite showed significantly stronger seismic anisotropy (AV_P = 30%, max.AV_S = 23%) than the epidote–glaucophane schist (AV_P = 13%, max.AV_S = 9%). When the subduction angle of phengite-rich glaucophane schist is considered, the polarization direction of the fast S-waves for vertically propagating S-waves changed to a nearly trench-parallel direction for the subduction angle of 45?60°, and the S-wave anisotropy became stronger for vertically propagating S-waves with increasing subduction angles. Our data showed that phengite-rich blueschist facies rock can therefore contribute to the strong trench-parallel seismic anisotropy occurring at the subducting oceanic crust and at the slab–mantle interface in many subduction zones.  相似文献   

西准噶尔达尔布特南构造-岩浆岩带斑岩型铜-钼矿新发现及找矿思路   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5  

李永军  王冉  李卫东  佟丽莉  张兵  杨高学  王军年  赵玉梅 《岩石学报》2012,28(7):2009-2014

西准噶尔仅有较少的斑岩型多金属矿床产出,这与其所在的巨型中亚成矿域的哈萨克斯坦环巴尔喀什-新疆西准噶尔成矿省这一重要的构造部位可能并不相称,有必要深入成矿研究和拓宽找矿思路。近年来笔者在该区的区域地质矿产调查和关键岩体初步研究的基础上,新发现了本文报道的吐克吐克、宏远和红山铜-钼矿点。据此类矿点以及包古图斑岩铜金矿的时空分布和赋矿岩体岩石类型等,提出建立达尔布特南构造岩浆带斑岩型Cu-Mo成矿区这一思路。今后的找矿思路是加强该带斑岩体时空分布、岩石成因类型、成矿物质来源以及矿化特征、成矿对比、区域构造等研究,建立找矿模型,用模型指导勘探找矿,而非仅仅利用物化探异常或仓促的大量勘探进行工程验证。  相似文献   

中国西部叠合盆地油气藏形成、演化与分布预测     

庞雄奇  周新源  姜振学  王招明  李素梅  田军  向才富  杨海军  陈冬霞  杨文静  庞宏 《地质学报》2012,86(1):1-103

中国西部叠合盆地经历了多期构造变动和多旋回的油气成藏作用,研究叠合盆地油气藏的形成、演化和分布预测具有重要的意义。叠合盆地指不同时期形成的不同类型的沉积盆地或地层在同一地理位置上的叠加和复合,具有地层沉积不连续、地层构造不连续、地层应力应变作用不连续等三大标志性特征,依据构造剖面上地层年代的关联性,将叠合盆地分为五种类型,即连续沉积型叠合盆地、中晚期地层叠合盆地、早晚期地层叠合盆地、早中期地层叠合盆地、长期暴露型叠合盆地。叠合盆地普遍发育复杂油气藏,三种作用（剥蚀作用、断裂作用、褶皱作用）六种机制（渗漏、扩散、溢散、氧化、降解和裂解）形成复杂油气藏,依据成因特征分为五类,原成型油气藏,圈闭调整型油气藏,组分变异型油气藏,相态转换型油气藏,规模改造型油气藏。研究表明,复杂油气藏中天然气的地下产状特征和分布特征与地表产状特征和分布特征有很大差异。中国西部叠合盆地油气分布主要受烃源灶、古隆起、沉积相、断裂带、构造变动和区域盖层等六大因素的控制。其中烃源灶（S）、古隆起（M）、沉积相（D）和盖层（C）等四大要素控制着油气成藏的形成和分布,并建立了多要素匹配（T-CDMS）成藏模式,用以预测有利成藏领域。油气藏形成之后,多期的构造变动对早成的油气藏进行调整、改造和破坏,主要受构造变动强度、构造变动时间、构造变动次数、构造变动时盖层的封油气性能等四大要素控制,并以此建立了多期构造变动破坏油气藏后剩余潜力评价模型,利用这一模型可以预测出有利勘探区带并评价出有利勘探区带中的剩余资源潜力。油气藏经过改造,表现出晚期成藏效应,并受相势耦合作用的控制最后定位,利用晚期成藏效应和相势耦合理论可以预测有利勘探目标,并指出潜在有利勘探目标。  相似文献   

中国庐山晚第四纪沉积岩系的石英形貌显微结构及环境过程     

胡东生  李小豫  熊卫强  张华京  弓虎军  胡文瑄  张国伟 《地质学报》2012,86(6):1020-1030

基于庐山山地晚第四纪地层典型断面的系统调查,从地层剖面层序中筛选的微粒(θ=1～3mm)石英颗粒进行环境电子显微镜观测研究,辨认出显微结构-颗粒形态-变形构造-动力化学作用等特征,运用系统过程发展中的节点事件进行层型剖面的环境响应分析,采取综合指标表征地球表层过程及环境响应情景,明确划分出四个古气候环境发展阶段,由下往上分别表现为冰期环境-间冰期环境-冰缘环境-冰后期环境,为深入研究及科学认识庐山第四纪环境演化过程及全球变化提供了新的基础依据。  相似文献