递进式项目教学法在“GIS程序设计”课程中的探索与实践     

李玲  王崇倡  刘正纲 《测绘工程》2017,26(9)

"GIS程序设计"作为地理信息科学专业的必修课,对学生专业能力的培养起到重要作用,同时GIS开发也是目前地理信息科学专业就业的主要方向。文中结合工程实践,通过校园地理信息系统、森林火灾扩散模拟分析与决策系统、小组答辩自选专题地理信息系统3个从简单到复杂的GIS项目,运用递进式的项目教学方法和团队协作、课上实践、课上提问、课内外答疑、课后作业、编写项目文档等措施对该课程进行改革探索和实践,并取得较好的教学效果。  相似文献   

Should Geography Educators Adopt Electronic Textbooks?     

Kevin Romig 《The Journal of geography》2017,116(4):180-184

Significant changes in textbook publishing are at college instructors' door. Textbook representatives are directed to mesmerize potential clients with eye-catching displays and statements about digital literacy of the next generation of college students. Based on a one-year pilot study, in 2014–2015, of an electronic textbook, this commentary shares real experiences with the digital tools, contextualizes the shift in textbook publishing and research on student outcomes, and provides insight in navigating through the Brave New World of digital texts and adaptive learning tools.  相似文献   

In search of meaningful assessment in the university curriculum: the case for culturally relevant pedagogy     

Tolu Muliaina 《The Australian geographer》2018,49(4):517-535

ABSTRACT

The poor performance of Pacific students at university is a concern for every level of society. Conventional models of teaching, learning and assessment have overlooked the cultural background of students, yet the effects of this oversight have been disastrous, alienating and disempowering. Studies of and developments in education in the Pacific and elsewhere offer opportunities to rethink the methods of teaching, learning and assessment of Pacific students in ways that are congruent with their home culture. Informed by the principle of so’a lau pule (the Samoan concept of consensus through consultation and conversation) and ethnographic research methods, this study describes an attempt to rethink ways of teaching, learning and assessing student performance in a third-year course on Resource Conservation and Management in the School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment at the University of the South Pacific. Introduced in 2007, the Student Innovative Contribution to Knowledge (SICK) allows students to participate in key decisions concerning teaching, learning and assessment. SICK is grounded in the principles of inclusiveness and participation. It takes account of the skills and abilities of Pacific students and is aligned with the philosophical basis of Pacific cultures. One hundred and fifty-eight students took part in this study over a 5-year period. Analysis was based on students’ written reviews of the semester’s work, in-depth conversation with individual students and the end-of-the-course evaluation. The findings show that, while students embrace the need for non-conventional forms of teaching, learning and assessment, the most frequently cited responses for non-participation are poor time management and varying perceptions of what is considered an innovative assessment. This study shows that understanding the cultural background of students is critical to creating culturally inclusive learning environments.  相似文献   

Developing and Sequencing Community Engagement and Experiential Education: A Case Study of Urban Geography Teaching and Research     

Jeff Rose 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(2):305-310

Community engagement curricula and course design can provide substantial experiences for both community members and participating students. Using a case study approach, this research focuses on four steps in this process: initial community relationship forming, engaging in community service, transitioning to civic engagement, and developing a community-based research program. Narrative examples from student course evaluations position these community-based experiences as transformative for multiple parties. Institutional structures are presented as helpful entrees to engagement for students, while noting that community relationships provide contextualized, powerful, and meaningful relationships, supporting recommendations for emerging and existing community engagement programs.  相似文献   

Measuring Community and University Impacts of Critical Civic Geography: Insights from Chicago     

Daniel R. Block  Euan Hague  Winifred Curran  Howard Rosing 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(2):284-290

Geographers have increasingly adopted community-based learning and research into their teaching and scholarly activities since Bunge and Harvey called for an applied public geography that is both useful and challenges societal inequalities. With few exceptions, however, there has been little discussion of methods for measuring this work. Many published assessments focus on the impacts of projects on students but overlook the impacts on community partners. Impacts on faculty and the larger university community are also often ignored. This article discusses literature on the evaluation of community–university research and service learning from a critical perspective. A discussion of service learning and community-based research (CBR) projects at two Chicago universities, DePaul and Chicago State, is presented. In both cases challenges were encountered to achieve full evaluation of projects, yet both included an evaluation of university and community partners that allowed for assessment of the projects’ value to all partners.  相似文献   

Carbon pricing in practice: a review of existing emissions trading systems     

Easwaran Narassimhan  Stefan Koester  Julio Rivera Alejo 《Climate Policy》2018,18(8):967-991

This article analyses the implementation of emissions trading systems (ETSs) in eight jurisdictions: the EU, Switzerland, the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) and California in the US, Québec in Canada, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea and pilot schemes in China. The article clarifies what is working, what isn’t and why, when it comes to the practice of implementing an ETS. The eight ETSs are evaluated against five main criteria: environmental effectiveness, economic efficiency, market management, revenue management and stakeholder engagement. Within each of these categories, ETS attributes ? including abatement cost, stringency of the cap, improved allocation practices over time and the trajectory of price stability ? are assessed for each system. Institutional learning, administrative prudence, appropriate carbon revenue management and stakeholder engagement are identified as key ingredients for successful ETS regimes. Recent implementation of ETSs in regions including California, Québec and South Korea indicates significant institutional learning from prior systems, especially the EU ETS, with these regions implementing more robust administrative and regulatory structures suitable for handling unique national and sub-national opportunities and constraints. The analysis also shows that there is potential for a ‘double dividend’ in emissions reductions even with a modest carbon price, provided the cap tightens over time and a portion of the auctioned revenues are reinvested in other emissions-reduction activities. Knowledge gaps exist in understanding the interaction of pricing instruments with other climate policy instruments and how governments manage these policies to achieve optimum emissions reductions with lower administrative costs.

Key policy insights

• Countries are learning from each other on ETS implementation.

• Administrative and regulatory structures of ETS jurisdictions appear to evolve and become more robust in every ETS analysed.

• A ‘double dividend’ for emissions reductions may also exist in cases where mitigation occurs as a result of the ETS policy and when auction revenues are reinvested in other emissions-reduction activities.

  相似文献   

融合多模态特征的社会多媒体谣言检测技术研究     

金志威  曹娟  王博  王蕊  张勇东 《南京气象学院学报》2017,9(6):583-592

以微博为代表的社会媒体的蓬勃发展在加速信息交流的同时,也促使虚假谣言信息迅速在社会网络上传播,造成严重的后果.自动谣言检测问题受到了国内外学术界、产业界的广泛关注.围绕社会多媒体谣言检测这一问题,本文总结了融合多模态特征的谣言检测相关技术.首先从基本概念出发,阐述了谣言的定义和社会多媒体的特点,给出了社会多媒体谣言检测问题的定义.针对谣言检测面临的多模态特征抽取和模型构建两大难点,分别总结和归纳了各种类型的特征及其提取方法和不同的机器学习检测模型.这些特征和算法是检测谣言的基本手段,也是接下来研究的基础,可为进一步谣言检测的研究提供参考.  相似文献   

基于智能物联网技术的天津城市积水监测预警系统     

侯天宇  梁好  霍凯  赵敏  陈子煊  张春莉  苑超 《气象研究与应用》2021,(1):85-89

通过智能物联网技术实时获取积水监测实况数据,利用天津市气象精细化格点预报产品和城市自动雨量观测站实况数据,以机器学习、神经网络模型和天津市城市内涝风险等级划分原理为基础,研究基于用户实时位置的城市内涝预报预警技术,研发天津市城市自动化积水监测预警系统。结果表明,该系统具备一定的城市内涝风险监测预警预报能力,并在2018—2020年多次重大天气过程中应用,积水深度预报结果与监测结果基本一致,应用数据表明验证结果良好,系统可以为政府防灾减灾决策、指挥调度提供精准、及时的气象数据支撑。  相似文献   

基于e-Learning的测绘专业教学训练系统的设计与实现     

孟丽  白玲  杨伟铭 《测绘工程》2007,16(5):75-78

介绍了e-Learning的概念及体系结构,结合测绘专业教育的实际需求,在e-Learning三层体系结构的基础上,给出e-Learning环境下测绘专业教学训练的系统设计及实现方案。  相似文献   

基于改进DeepLabv3+孪生网络的遥感影像变化检测方法     

赵祥  王涛  张艳  郑迎辉  张昆  王龙辉 《地球信息科学学报》2022,24(8):1604-1616

传统遥感影像变化检测方法依赖人工构建特征,算法设计复杂且精度不高;而将2幅不同时相影像叠加后输入神经网络的遥感影像变化检测方法会造成不同时相的特征相互影响,难以保持原始影像的高维特征,且模型鲁棒性较差。因此,本文提出一种基于改进DeepLabv3+孪生网络的遥感影像变化检测方法,以经典DeepLabv3+网络的编解码结构为基础对网络进行改进：① 在编码阶段利用共享权值的孪生网络提取特征,通过2个输入端分别接收2幅遥感影像,以保留不同时相影像的高维特征;② 在特征融合中用密集空洞空间金字塔池化模型代替空洞空间金字塔池化模型,通过密集连接的方式结合每个空洞卷积的输出,以提高对不同尺度目标分割的精度;③ 在解码阶段中针对不同层级特征图信息差异较大,难以融合的问题,引入基于注意力机制的特征对齐模型,引导不同层级的特征对齐并强化学习重要特征,以提升模型的鲁棒性。应用开源数据集CDD验证本文方法的有效性,并与UNet-EF、FC-Siam-conc、Siam-DeepLabv3+和N-Siam-DeepLabv3+网络对比试验。试验结果表明,本文方法在精确率、召回率、F1值和总体精度上达到87.3%、90.2%、88.4%、96.4%,均高于UNet-EF、FC-Siam-conc、Siam-DeepLabv3+网络和N-Siam-DeepLabv3+网络,检测结果较为完整,对边界的检测也更为平滑,且对尺度变化具有更高的鲁棒性。  相似文献