Slab break-off model for the Triassic syn-collisional granites in the Qinling orogenic belt,Central China: Zircon U-Pb age and Hf isotope constraints     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(4):492-507

Numerous Triassic granitoids in the Qinling orogenic belt related to the Late Triassic collision between the North China Craton (NCC) and the Yangtze Block (YB) are important for determining the crustal composition at depth and the geodynamic processes by which the orogen formed. Most of the Triassic plutons in the Qinling orogen were emplaced between 205 and 225 Ma. The granitoid rocks from the southern margin of the NCC, North Qinling, South Qinling, and the northern margin of the YB that were emplaced during this interval have two-stage Hf model ages of 0.60–2.52 Ga (average 2.19 Ga), 0.90–2.66 Ga (average 1.29 Ga), 0.41–3.04 Ga (average 1.48 Ga), and 1.00–1.84 Ga (average 1.34 Ga), respectively, and mean ε_Hf(t) values of ?14.5, ?0.32, ?1.36, and ?3.98, respectively. The Hf isotope compositions of the granitoids in different tectonic units differ significantly, mirroring the diverse history of crustal growth of the four units.

The temporal and spatial distribution and Hf isotope compositions of the granitoids suggest that there was a unified geodynamic process that triggered the magmatism. Formation of the Triassic granitoid plutons at 225–205 Ma was a consequence of slab break-off or E–W-striking slab tearing, related to slab rollback in the west part of the Qinling orogen and oblique continental collision in the east. Upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle led to partial melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle and the lower crust, and mixing and/or mingling of the resulting magmas resulted in the formation of granitoids with diverse geological and geochemical characteristics.  相似文献   

Sedimentary response to the intracontinental orogenic process: insight from the anatomy of a small Mesozoic basin in western Yanshan,northern North China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1528-1556

ABSTRACT

The intra-continental orogeny and tectonic evolution of the Mesozoic Yanshan fold-thrust belt (YFTB) in the northern North China Craton (NCC) have been strongly debated. Here, we focus on the Shangyi basin, located in the centre of the YFTB. An integrated analysis of sedimentary facies, palaeocurrents, clast compositions, and detrital zircon dating of sediments was adopted to determine the palaeogeography, provenance, basin evolution, and intra-continental orogenic process. The Shangyi basin comprises the well-exposed Early–early Middle Jurassic Xiahuayuan Formation and the Longmen Formation, and the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Tuchengzi Formation. Based on the 18 measured sections, five facies associations – including alluvial fan, fluvial, delta, lacustrine, and eolian facies – have been identified and described in detail. The onset of the Shangyi basin was filled with fluvial, deltaic, and lacustrine deposits controlled by the normal fault bounding the northern basin, corresponding to the pre-orogeny. In the Middle Jurassic, the cobble–boulder conglomerates of alluvial fan, as molasse deposits, were compatible with the syn-orogeny of the Yanshan movement, which played a critical role in northern North China and even East Asia. After the depositional break in the Middle–Late Jurassic, the Shangyi basin, controlled by the normal fault present in the north of the basin, re-subsided and quickly expanded southward with thick sedimentation, which is correlative with the post-orogeny. Combined with A-type granites, metamorphic core complexes, mafic dikes, and rift basins of the Late Jurassic–early Early Cretaceous present in the northern NCC and Mongolia, significant extension was widespread in the northern NCC and even in northeast Asia. Moreover, vertical changes of provenance indicate that the Taihang Mountain and the Inner Mongolia palaeo-uplift (IMPU) present at the west and north of the basin, respectively, experienced uplift twice in the Middle–Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, resulting in a regional depositional break.  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions of two types of supracrustal rocks in the Northeastern Sulu UHP terrane: constraints on the surface boundary between South China and North China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):539-561

ABSTRACT

There are voluminous ultrahigh pressure-related orthogneisses and minor metamorphic supracrustal rocks in the northeastern Sulu UHP terrane (NSL), East China. The tectonic affinities of the supracrustal rocks are crucial for unravelling the deep continental subduction processes and locating the tectonic suture between the South China (SCB) and North China (NCB) blocks. In this contribution, we report new zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotope data for the supracrustal rocks and metagabbros in the Zeku region of the NSL. In the Zeku region, the supracrustal rocks are spatially associated with granitic gneisses, metagabbros, and eclogites. Detrital zircon U–Pb analyses yield ages between 3.39 and 0.65 Ga that cluster as three major age populations including (1) 2.15–1.68 Ga with two subpeaks at ~1.83 Ga and~1.97 Ga, (2) 2.45–2.15 Ga with a peak at ~2.37 Ga, and (3) 0.79–0.65 Ga. In addition, there is a small age population between 3.39 and 2.61 Ga. The youngest age population of 0.79–0.65 Ga indicates that the Zeku supracrustal rocks must have been deposited after 650 Ma rather than during the Palaeoproterozoic as previously thought. The 210–190 Ma metamorphic ages suggest that the Zeku rocks were affected by Triassic collision–subduction and exhumation. Most of the Archaean-Palaeoproterozoic zircons have negative ε_Hf(t) values and two-stage Hf model ages concentrating at 2.4–3.4 Ga (peak at ~2.9 Ga), indicating that source rocks of these zircons were mainly derived from recycling of ancient crustal material. These ages, together with the Hf isotopic compositions and rock assemblages, indicate that the Zeku supracrustal rocks were mainly derived from the Precambrian basement rocks of the northern Yangzte Block and have a tectonic affinity to the SCB, rather than the NCB. Our results, together with previously published data, suggest that there are two types of supracrustal rocks with different zircon U–Pb ages and tectonic affinities in the NSL. On the basis of new data, we suggest that the surface boundary between the SCB and NCB in the Jiaodong Peninsula is a complicated tectonic mélange zone rather than a single fault.  相似文献   

The tectono-magmatic evolution of the West Junggar terrane (NW China) unravelled by U–Pb ages of detrital zircons in modern river sands     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):607-621

ABSTRACT

The West Junggar terrane (WJT) is an outstanding laboratory for studying the tectonic evolution of the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean, because it contains widespread Paleozoic magmatism in different tectonic settings. We attempt to reconstruct the tectono-magmatic evolution of WJT through U–pb analysis of detrital zircons from three modern river sand samples from the Harabura, Baibuxie, and Aletengyemule rivers in the Barleik Mountains of the central WJT. A total of 232 concordant spots show Th/U ratios of 0.14–1.69, typical of igneous origin, and they contain abundant Paleozoic (96%) and few Precambrian (4%) ages, with major age populations at 450–530, 400–430, 320–380, and 265–320 Ma. The first two groups may be derived from the early subduction- and accretion-related magmatic rocks of the WJT, whereas the third group is congruent with magmatic activities related to the final subduction and basin-filling processes within a framework of the remnant Junggar–Balkhash Ocean. By combining with the regional data, the last group of magmatic events is referred to as post-subduction magmatism. The missing Mesozoic–Cenozoic magmatism clearly indicates a pre-Permian closure for the Junggar–Balkhash Ocean, nearly coeval with the closure of other oceans in the southwestern Palaeo-Asian Ocean.  相似文献   

青藏高原东南缘哀牢山构造带泥质高压麻粒岩的发现及其构造意义   总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2  

戚学祥  赵宇浩  朱路华  李志群 《岩石学报》2012,28(6):1846-1856

哀牢山构造带泥质高压麻粒岩主要由石榴石、夕线石、钾长石和斜长石变斑晶及尖晶石、铁假蓝宝石、蓝晶石、石英、金红石和钛铁矿包裹体组成,为确定印支地块和华南地块的边界提供了关键性标志。石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-石英地质温压计(GBPQ)计算结果及标志性高温矿物组合(Spl+Qz)表明泥质高压麻粒岩的形成和演化经历了高压/高温进变质到中温/低压退变质的顺时针P-T演化过程。其中:1)高压/高温进变质阶段的矿物组合为Ky+Sil+Grt1+Kf1+Pl1+Spr+Ter(Kf+Pl)+Bt1+Spl+Qtz+Ilm1+Rut1,形成于850～919℃,≥10.4kbar;2)中温/低压退变质阶段的矿物组合为Grt2+Bt2+Pl2+Ms+Qtz+Ilm2+Rut2,早期和晚期的温压条件分别为664～754℃,4.9～6.5kbar和572～576℃,3.5～3.9kbar。反映陆壳物质在碰撞过程中俯冲到地下深处(≥30km)经高压高温变质后快速折返到中上地壳的动力学演变轨迹。  相似文献   

西准噶尔达尔布特南构造-岩浆岩带斑岩型铜-钼矿新发现及找矿思路   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5  

李永军  王冉  李卫东  佟丽莉  张兵  杨高学  王军年  赵玉梅 《岩石学报》2012,28(7):2009-2014

西准噶尔仅有较少的斑岩型多金属矿床产出,这与其所在的巨型中亚成矿域的哈萨克斯坦环巴尔喀什-新疆西准噶尔成矿省这一重要的构造部位可能并不相称,有必要深入成矿研究和拓宽找矿思路。近年来笔者在该区的区域地质矿产调查和关键岩体初步研究的基础上,新发现了本文报道的吐克吐克、宏远和红山铜-钼矿点。据此类矿点以及包古图斑岩铜金矿的时空分布和赋矿岩体岩石类型等,提出建立达尔布特南构造岩浆带斑岩型Cu-Mo成矿区这一思路。今后的找矿思路是加强该带斑岩体时空分布、岩石成因类型、成矿物质来源以及矿化特征、成矿对比、区域构造等研究,建立找矿模型,用模型指导勘探找矿,而非仅仅利用物化探异常或仓促的大量勘探进行工程验证。  相似文献   

长江中下游成矿带地质与矿产研究进展   总被引：45，自引：25，他引：20  

周涛发  范裕  袁峰  钟国雄 《岩石学报》2012,28(10):3051-3066

长江中下游成矿带是我国重要成矿带之一,矿产资源开发利用历史悠久.自20世纪20年代至今,国内外学者在该地区开展了广泛深入研究工作,取得了丰硕的研究成果,并发表了大量科学研究论文和50余部专著.据统计,1959年～2012年间在公开发行的中文地质学期刊中,有关长江中下游地区的学术论文共888篇;1990年～2012年间公开发表的SCI检索论文中该区有185篇.这些论文中涉及矿床学方面的研究最多,约占论文总数的一半.成矿带内,铜陵矿集区研究程度最高,发表的相关论文数量也最多.有关成矿带的论文发表数量总体趋势逐年增加,在20世纪90年代初和2010～2012年出现两个研究高峰,反映了长江中下游成矿带近年来仍然是我国地质学研究的热点地区之一.近年来,长江中下游成矿带的地质找矿和科学研究均取得了重要进展,地质与矿产研究主要集中在以下几方面:(1)中生代构造转换与成岩成矿的地球动力学背景;(2)岩浆作用与深部过程;(3)成矿系统及其演化;(4)成矿潜力.本专辑收录的26篇论文基本反映了当前长江中下游成矿带及邻区的最新研究进展,所报道的大量地质学新观察、矿床学和岩石学研究、元素和同位素地球化学数据、同位素年代学特别是高精度锆石U-Pb年龄等对深入进一步探讨长江中下游成矿带形成与演化具有重要参考价值,对于推动成矿带基础理论研究和指导找矿勘探均有重要意义.  相似文献   

滇西哀牢山老王寨金矿床控矿构造样式   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

张闯  杨立强  赵凯  刘江涛  李坡 《岩石学报》2012,28(12):4109-4124

哀牢山金矿带是我国最重要的新生代造山型金矿带,老王寨金矿床是该矿带中已发现规模最大的金矿床。该矿床中金矿化的产出受NW向九甲-安定断裂和NWW向老王寨-营盘山背斜联合控制,金矿体定位于老王寨-营盘山背斜两翼NW-NWW向层间接触带或脉岩与地层交界面等构造薄弱部位的左行剪切逆断裂带中。成矿前,区域NNE-SSW向挤压构造应力场导致轴向NWW的老王寨-营盘山背斜形成,背斜形成晚期在其两翼形成NW-NWW向的次级断裂。成矿作用过程中,在NEE-SWW向挤压构造背景下,NWW向老王寨-营盘山背斜的转折端和两翼呈背驮式叠瓦状排列的NW-NWW向左行剪切逆断裂为有利容矿空间。之后,构造体制转变为近SN向挤压,形成少量NE向左行剪切断裂,对已有NW向矿体略有破坏。走滑断裂是哀牢山造山带最具特色的构造型式,也是区域最重要的控矿构造样式,在老王寨金矿床主要体现为控制金矿化产出的NW-NWW向左行剪切逆断裂大规模发育于NWW向老王寨-营盘山背斜构造的两翼,对应于区域构造动力体制转换晚期,印度与欧亚大陆斜碰撞导致的区域大规模走滑断层最发育时期。  相似文献   

华北克拉通的形成以及早期板块构造   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

翟明国 《地质学报》2012,86(9):1335-1349

地球上最早的地壳岩石是高钠的花岗质(TTG)岩石,但是否有更老的洋壳存在过、以及陆壳是怎样形成的,涉及到地球动力学几乎所有的问题。其中板块构造是在什么时候开始的,就是个延续了数十年热度不减的前沿科学问题。流行的说法是板块构造始于新元古代,也有一些学者认为在新太古代就已经开始,或者认为自从地球上有了水的记录,就开始有板块构造。在众多的判别板块构造的标志中,蛇绿岩残片和古老的高压变质岩无疑是两个最具影响力的问题。前者可以确定有远古的古老洋壳存在过并成为缝合带中的残片,后者可以指示曾有地表的岩石单元被俯冲到深部,是俯冲、消减与碰撞的岩石学证据。本文在讨论和比较了太古宙绿岩带与蛇绿岩,以及早前寒武纪高温高压(HTHP)麻粒岩/高温—超高温(HT-UHT)麻粒岩与造山带高压变质带之后,认为尚不能作为板块构造的证据。本文还对华北的新太古代末的稳定大陆形成以及古元古代活动带的裂谷-俯冲-碰撞进行了论述。提出华北克拉通在新太古代末的绿岩带-高级区格局可能标志着热体制下有限的横向活动构造,微陆块被火山-沉积岩系焊接,随后发生变质作用和花岗岩化,完成稳定大陆的克拉通化过程。其构造机制可能是适度规模且多发的地幔柱构造控制下小尺度的横向构造运动的机制。华北克拉通的古元古代活动带有与绿岩带-高级区不同的构造样式,表壳岩带状分布,经受了强烈的变形以及中级变质作用,伴随花岗岩的侵入,虽然没有蛇绿岩和高压变质带,但已表现出板块构造的雏形特征。  相似文献   

Geochemistry and detrital modes of Proterozoic sedimentary rocks,Bayana Basin,north Delhi fold belt: implications for provenance and source-area weathering     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(1):111-129

Bayana Basin, sited along the eastern margin of the north Delhi fold belt of the Aravalli Craton, contains an ～3000?m-thick sequence comprising one volcanic and seven sedimentary formations of the Delhi Supergroup. The sedimentary units are the Nithar, Jogipura, Badalgarh, Bayana, Damdama, Kushalgarh, and Weir formations in order of decreasing age. Petrographic study of the sandstones as well as major and trace elements (including rare earth elements) and bulk-rock analyses of the shales and sandstones allow the determination of their provenance, source-rock weathering, and basinal tectonic setting. The sandstones are quartz rich and were derived mainly from exhumed granitoids typical of a craton interior. Geochemical patterns of the sandstones and shales are similar. However, trace element abundances are low in sandstones, probably due to quartz dilution. The coarser clastic Damdama and Weir sandstones, which occur at higher stratigraphic levels, have strikingly low trace element concentrations compared with the underlying Bayana and Badalgarh sandstones. All samples show uniform LREE-enriched patterns with negative Eu-anomalies (Eu/Eu*?=?0.16–0.23) and are similar to those of post-Archaean Australian shales (PAAS). However, the (La/Yb) _n ratios (averages 11–18) of all the sedimentary units are higher than those of PAAS, except for the Bayana Sandstone, which has low values (average 6.77). The chemical index of alteration (70–78) and the plagioclase index of alteration (87–97) values and the A–CN–K diagram suggest moderate to intense weathering of the source area.

The provenance analyses indicate that basin sedimentation was discontinuous. It received input from a terrain comprising granitoids, mafic rocks, sedimentary sequences, and tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) suites. The Nithar and Badalgarh sandstones received input from a source consisting predominantly of granitoids. The succeeding Damdama and Weir sandstones received debris from granitoids and TTG in different proportions. The Kushalgarh shale was possibly derived from a source consisting granites and mafic rocks with a TTG component. The pre-existing sedimentary formations also contributed intermittently during the different phases of sedimentation.

Bulk-rock geochemical data suggest Mesoarchaean gneisses and late Archaean granites of BGC/BGGC (Banded Gneissic Complex/Bundelkhand Granitic Gneiss Complex) basement as possible source terrains. These data indicate deposition in a continental rift setting. The coeval formation of many rift-related Proterozoic sedimentary basins in the BGC/BGGC terrain suggests that the North Indian Craton underwent major intracratonic extension during Proterozoic time, probably triggering the break up of Earth's first supercontinent.  相似文献