青藏高原东北缘地质构造背景及地壳结构研究   总被引：31，自引：3，他引：28       下载免费PDF全文

周民都  吕太乙  张元生  阮爱国 《地震学报》2000,22(6):645-653

利用地质和人工地震测深剖面资料,研究了青藏高原东北缘的地质构造背景、地壳结构和莫霍面形态．主要结果是:① 给出了青藏高原东北缘的大地构造分区和主要深大断裂的特征;② 主要利用人工地震测深资料得到莫霍面的基本特征;③ 地表断裂与莫霍面的某些特征有较好的对应关系,这种复杂的地壳结构可能是强烈地震的孕育环境．   相似文献   

Seismic reflections from the Moho - the effect of isostasy     

M. R. Warner 《Geophysical Journal International》1987,88(2):425-435

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Crustal velocity inhomogeneities along the Hirapur–Mandla profile, central India and its tectonic implications     

A.S.N. Murty  Kalachand Sain  H.C. Tewari  B. Rajendra Prasad   《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2008,31(4-6):533-545

Wide-angle seismic and gravity data across the Narmada-Son lineament (NSL) in central India are analyzed to determine crustal structure, velocity inhomogeneities and hence constrain the tectonics of the lineament. We present the 2-D crustal velocity structure from deep wide-angle reflection data by using a ray-trace inverse approach. The main result of the study is the delineation of fault-bounded horst raised to a subsurface depth (1.5 km) and the Moho upwarp beneath the NSL. The crust below the basement consists of three layers with velocities of 6.45–6.7, 6.2–6.5 and 6.7–6.95 km/s and interface depths of about 5.5–8.7, 14–17 and 18–23 km along the profile. The low-velocity (6.2–6.5 km/s) layer goes up to a depth of 5 km and becomes the thickest part (13 km), while the overlying high-velocity (6.45–6.7 km/s) layer becomes the thinnest (3 km) and upper boundary lies at a depth of 1.5 km beneath the NSL. The overall uncertainties of various velocity and boundary nodes are of the order of ±0.12 km/s and ±1.40 km, respectively. The up-lifted crustal block and the up-warping Moho beneath the NSL indicate that the north and south faults bounding the NSL are deeply penetrated through which mafic materials from upper mantle have been intruded into the upper crust. Gravity modeling was also undertaken to assess the seismically derived crustal features and to fill the seismic data gap. The lateral and vertical heterogeneous nature of the structure and velocity inhomogeneities in the crust cause instability to the crustal blocks and played an important role in reactivation of the Narmada south fault during the 1997 Jabalpur earthquake.  相似文献   

New insights into the crustal structure of the North German Basin from reprocessing of seismic reflection data using the Common Reflection Surface stack   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mi-Kyung Yoon  Mikhail Baykulov  Stefan Dümmong  Heinz-Jürgen Brink  Dirk Gajewski 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2008,97(5):887-898

The influence of deep crustal processes on basin formation and evolution and its relation to current morphology is not well understood yet. A key feature to unravel these issues is a detailed seismic image of the crust. A part of the data recorded by the hydrocarbon industry in the late 1970s and 1980s in the North German Basin were released to the public recently. The seismic reflection data were recorded down to 15 s two-way travel time. The mean Common Midpoint fold of about 20 is relatively low compared to contemporary seismic acquisitions. The processing of the 1980s focussed on the sedimentary structures to explore the hydrocarbon potential of this area. We applied the Common Reflection Surface stack technique to the data sets, which is well suited for low-fold data. The reprocessing was focussed on the imaging of the subsedimentary crustal range. The reprocessed images show enhanced reflections, especially in the mid and lower crustal part. Also, the image of the salt structures in the graben area was improved. Furthermore, the reprocessed images indicate an almost flat Moho topography in the area of the Glückstadt Graben and an additional lower crustal structure, which can be correlated with a high-density body found in recent gravity modeling studies.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional image of the Moho undulations beneath the Gulf of Bothnia using wide-angle seismic data     

M. Ali Riahi  C.-E. Lund  Laust B. Pedersen 《Geophysical Journal International》1997,129(2):461-471

The BABEL marine seismic experiment has been carried out to investigate the lithospheric structure and antecedent tectonic signatures of the Baltic Shield, including the Archaean-Proterozoic collisional structure in the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia.
Lithospheric seismic-reflection streamer data and simultaneously recorded wide-angle reflection and refraction data collected in the Gulf of Bothnia as part of the BABEL project have been used for 3-D modelling. The distribution of land stations around the Gulf provides a good 3-D ray coverage of the PMP reflection data recorded at the eight stations in the area and allows an estimation of strikes and dips of the Moho boundary in the area. The traveltimes of reflected phases are calculated using a method that utilizes the finite-difference solution of the eikonal equation. The Moho wide-angle-reflection (PMP) traveltimes are modelled using an inversion method. A 2-D model from the Gulf of Bothnia extended into the third dimension is used as an initial model. During the inversion the velocity is kept constant and only the Moho boundary is allowed to vary. To estimate the strike of the Moho boundary and the stability of the inversion, two initial models with different strikes are examined.
The results indicate that the Moho depth in the Gulf of Bothnia undulates and has a maximum depth of 55 km in the south, rising to 42 km in the north. The Moho depth variations seem to be step-like. This change in the Moho depth coincides with the location of the presumed fossil subduction zone in the area. The crustal-thickness variations seem to be well approximated by a nearly 2-D structure striking parallel to a postulated subduction zone immediately to the south of the Skellefte area. The presence of the step at the crust/mantle boundary can be interpreted as a result of a plate-collision event at about 2 Ga.  相似文献   

A quantitative study of seismic anisotropy in the Yamato Basin, the southeastern Japan Sea, from refraction data collected by an ocean bottom seismographic array     

Tae Woong Chung 《Geophysical Journal International》1992,109(3):620-638

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古雷—石城地区地壳与上地幔地震波速度结构及莫霍面特征     

边银菊  刘宝诚  廖其林 《华南地震》1992,(3)

本文是1986年古雷—石城剖面及嵩口—宜城剖面深地震测深资料的初步研究结果。 对古雷—石城的纵剖面资料,分析了震相特征,共识别出五个波组:P_2、P_3~0、P_4~0、P_5~0及P_n(P_n~0)。通过对波的走时反演,正演拟合和理论地震图方法等计算,得到了该区地壳与上地幔结构模型。 古雷—石城地区地壳具有多层结构,并可划分为上、中、下三层。古雷炮点给出的厚度分别为1.0km、15.7km、12.8km,地壳平均速度为6.29km/s,深度为29.5km,上地幔顶面P_n波速度为7.83km/s。石城炮点给出厚度分别为1.8km、18.3km、12.4km。地壳平均速度为6.29km/3,深度为32.4km,土地幔顶面P_n速度为8.00km/s。 在中地壳下部存在一低速层,其厚度为2.8km,速度为5.85km/s。根据其它研究结果,初步判断低速层介质是半熔融物质组成。 测区内横向变化比较强烈。从东向西有长乐—诏安、政和—海丰和邵武—河源三个大断裂穿过该区,并且都深切至莫霍面;在漳州盆地之下莫霍面隆起约3km,戴云山区下莫霍面凹陷近2km;永安—梅州莫霍面隆起接近3km。莫霍面分布显示出从东南向西北逐渐加深。 宜城—连城—嵩口非纵剖面显示了莫霍面在两处有明显断错,错距约2km邵。表明昭武—河源断裂是切割莫霍面的深大断裂。  相似文献   

深反射大炮数据揭示北秦岭-渭河地堑-鄂尔多斯南部Moho格架          下载免费PDF全文

李洪强  高锐  王海燕  李文辉  卢占武  侯贺晟  熊小松 《地质科学》2016,(1):67-75

根据深地震反射数据的反射特征对布置在北秦岭-渭河地堑-鄂尔多斯南部的10个大炮(药量 ≥ 500 kg)数据进行处理,获得了反映下地壳-莫霍面结构的单次覆盖剖面。初步解释结果显示:在北秦岭,莫霍面反射的双程走时约为13 s,自南向北缓慢抬升变浅,可能表示秦岭正在经历造山后的均衡演化过程;进入渭河地堑,莫霍面加深至15 s左右,可能表明新生代形成后的莫霍面受到了强烈的挤压作用,渭河地堑两侧的莫霍面呈不对称上隆;在鄂尔多斯地块南部,莫霍面反射为14 s左右,向北有逐渐抬升的趋势,但变化平缓, 130~140 km两侧的莫霍面具有显著的反射特征差异,可能代表了渭河地堑和鄂尔多斯地块南部的深部界限。  相似文献   

琉球沟弧盆系莫氏面深度的三维广义反演     

刘保华  李学伦 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1997,17(1):53-58

本文利用三维广义反演技术对重力资料进行反演，计算出了琉球沟弧盆系地区的莫氏面深度。由于考虑了分辨率和方差之间的最佳折衷问题，反演结果不论是在精度上还是在分辨能力方面都有了明显改进。分析结果也表明，重力反演得到的莫氏面深度同李昭兴等人用地震折射波法得到的莫氏面深度有较大的差别。文中地产生这种差别的可能原因提出了自己的见解。  相似文献   

南海东北部深部构造与中新生代沉积盆地   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

王平  夏戡原  张毅祥  黄慈流 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2002,22(4):59-65

利用OBS资料作约束条件对南海东北部的地球物理资料，主要是重力资料和多道反射地震资料进行反演，获取比较理想的莫霍面深度，地壳厚度，中生代沉积基底面，新生代沉积底界面等地壳结构信息，研究发现该区中生代沉积盆地形成模式与新生代沉积盆地的形成模式不同，中生代沉积基底与莫霍面呈正相关，而新生代沉积基底则与莫霍面呈明显的镜像关系。中生仝层不受边界断层控制，中生代沉积基底与莫霍面呈正相关，而新生代沉积基底则与莫霍面呈明显的镜像关系。中生代地层不受边界断层控制。中生代沉积坳陷边界实质上是残留的中生代地层的边界，中生代沉积盆地具有大型坳陷沉积特征，而新生代盆地为断陷盆地。  相似文献