长期天气预报中有关预报因子的若干探讨   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

向元珍  曾九芳 《海洋预报》1995,12(2):1-11

目前行之有效的长期天气预报方法都是数理统计方法。本文以江淮流域夏季旱涝的长期预报为例，对有关预报因子的几个问题作了探索。挑选有实际天气学意义、各自独立、单相关系数较高的物理因子作预报因子，更有利于提高预报准确率，预报因子的时间尺度以月、季平均值最为适宜，而以三个旬滑动平均值的效果最佳，建立各种预报量的初选、精选因子库，更适用于计算机技术制作长期预报。  相似文献   

渤海湾及其附近海域沉积物中Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd环境背景值的研究   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

李淑媛  郝静 《海洋与湖沼》1992,23(1):39-48

根据渤海湾及其毗邻河口区10柱岩芯样细颗粒（＜0．063mm）（GF 1983－1985年采集）中重金属含量特点，结合^216Pb年代学编年资料，用未受人类影响沉积层中元素含量，藉统计学方法获得渤海湾岩芯样中Cu，Pb，Zn，Cd的分布类型，并根据各区重金属的含量水平，用t检验法获得了渤海湾Cu，Pb，Zn，Cd的环境背景值。  相似文献   

Random wave-current interactions in water of varying depth     

M. A. Tayfun  R. A. Dalrymple  C. Y. Yang 《Ocean Engineering》1976,3(6):403-420

Refraction of incoherent random gravity waves with currents and bottom topography results in spatial variations in the spectral characteristics of the free surface. Prediction of such variations based on the radiation transfer equation is in a simple analytic form for the case of one dimensional inhomogeneities in currents and topography. This analytic form is examined in terms of two-dimensional wave number- and polar frequency-direction spectra along the associated dynamic and kinematic constraints relevant to wave breaking and reflection. Results are specialized to the simplest case of horizontal shear currents in deep and shallow water with explicit examples to illustrate the relative and combined effects of currents and topography on free surface spectra.  相似文献   

我国东部邻海恶劣天气的时空分布及其成因初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈乾金  王伯民 《海洋预报》1993,10(1):10-19

本文利用1930～1979年NCDC海洋船舶观测的气象资料,分析了中国东部邻海恶劣天气的时空分布。结果表明,海区恶劣天气的分布在冬季和夏季是不同的;在东北和西南季风期间,台湾东北和西南海区也有差异。影响恶劣天气条件的分布因子非常复杂,主要是季风和极锋、天气系统、冷暖洋流及地形等因子。  相似文献   

海水中液-固界面的台阶型动力学曲线 Ⅱ.液膜扩散-递进扩散-界面分级交换反应联合控制的复合模型理论     

刘莲生  张正斌  蔡卫君  潘纲  杜恒清 《海洋与湖沼》1993,24(5):477-484

为定量解释海水中液-固界面的台阶型动力学曲线及其台阶的消长变化规律,在我们已提出的“液膜扩散和递进液膜扩散控制的复合模型”和“海水中液-固界面分级离子/配位子交换理论”基础上,吸取Crank的若干数学处理方法,进而提出适合于非稳态体系的“液膜扩散-递进扩散-界面分级交换反应联合控制的复合模型”。  相似文献   

Relationship between hydrocarbons and bacterial activity in mediterranean sediments: Part 2—hydrocarbon degrading activity of bacteria from sediments     

E. Azoulay  M. Colin  J. Dubreuil  H. Dou  G. Mille  G. Giusti 《Marine environmental research》1983,9(1):19-36

In marine sediments from the Mediterranean coast polluted by oil spills (Etang de Berre) high bacterial activity is responsible for self-purification, samples collected from these areas showing a bacterial density several orders of magnitude higher than samples from non-polluted areas (Isle des Embiez). Between 60 and 80 % of the heterotrophic bacteria in the polluted areas are hydrocarbon-degrading, compared with 0.01 % in the non-polluted area.Several strains of hydrocarbon utilisers were isolated, a mixture of strains from each biotope was taken to represent a ‘biotope population’ and their activity towards different types of hydrocarbons (n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics) was determined.With ammonia as the nitrogen source the ‘biotope population’ from the polluted area degraded hydrocarbons much more readily than the ‘biotope population’ from the non-polluted area. With nitrate as the nitrogen source the degradation was much reduced, and, for some hydrocarbons, ceased in both ‘populations’.Individual hydrocarbons encouraged the growth of individual strains in the ‘biotope population’. In natural mixtures of hydrocarbons all strains grew well and degraded aliphatics. There was a good correlation between the respiratory activity of the ‘biotope population’ and the ability of the ‘population’ to utilise hydrocarbons for growth.  相似文献   

Cross-shelf distribution of copepods and the role of event-scale winds in a northern California upwelling zone     

Katherine M. Papastephanou  Stephen M. Bollens  Anne M. Slaughter 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2006,53(25-26):3078

Cross-shelf distribution and abundance of copepod nauplii and copepodids were measured during three summer upwelling seasons (2000–2002) in a coastal upwelling zone off northern California. These 3 years varied considerably in the intensity of winds, abundance of chlorophyll, and water temperature. The cruises in 2000 were characterized by relaxation conditions, with generally high levels of chlorophyll and high water temperature. The cruises in 2001 and 2002 were dominated by strong and persistent upwelling events, leading to lower chlorophyll and water temperatures. The copepod assemblage was dominated by Oithona spp., Acartia spp. and Pseudocalanus spp., with Metridia pacifica (lucens), Microsetella rosea, Oncaea spp. and Tortanus discaudatus also common during all 3 years. The cross-shelf distribution of copepods was generally shifted offshore during upwelling and onshore during relaxation events, although some variability between species occurred. Abundance of all life stages generally exhibited a negative correlation with cross-shelf transport averaged over at least 1–4 days and lagged by 0–3 days, indicating lower abundances during and immediately after active upwelling. However, copepod nauplii seemed to respond positively to wind events lasting 1–5 days followed by a period of relaxation lasting 6 or 7 days. These rapid rates of change in abundance are probably too great to be due to in situ growth and reproduction alone; physical processes must also play a role. These results suggest a highly dynamic relationship between copepods and upwelling events off northern California, with species-specific responses to upwelling to be expected.  相似文献   

盐度和营养限制对蓝杆藻(Cyanothece. sp)113菌株生长和胞外多糖产量的影响     

苏传东 《海洋湖沼通报》2005,12(4):69-74

蓝杆藻113菌株为海洋微藻，实验室培养证明其单位体积胞外多糖产量高。用改进的F／2改良培养液培养，添加70g／L时的NaCl盐度是该菌株胞外多糖释放的最适盐度。不添加NaCl时的盐度是菌体细胞生长的最适盐度。NaNO2营养限制抑制该菌株细胞的生长，促进该菌株胞外多糖的释放。NaH2PO4营养限制抑制该菌株细胞的生长，但对胞外多糖产量的影响不明显。MgSO4营养限制则同时抑制该菌株细胞生长和胞外多糖释放。该研究结果有助于蓝杆藻113菌株胞外多糖的生产及该菌株其它方面的开发利用。  相似文献   

双尾亚科一新种（吸虫纲：半尾科）     

刘升发 《台湾海峡》1997,16(2):229-232

本文报道芽腺属吸虫一新种，即矶鲈芽腺吸虫，新种LecithocladiumparapristipomatissP．nov.，虫体大小1.24～1．74×0．25～0．45mm；虫卵18～22×9～12μm。  相似文献   

龙须菜和扁江篱多糖的组成及其抗肿瘤效果   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

邓志峰  纪明侯 《海洋与湖沼》1995,26(6):575-581

于１９８５－１９８７年期间用冷水和热水对采集于青岛的龙须菜和扁江篱的琼胶型多糖进行提取。两海藻的热水提取多糖都通过ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＡ５０色谱桩用热水和不同浓度ＮａＣｌ深液前后进行洗脱分级。龙须菜和扁江篱多糖的主要级分分别为０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１．０ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ洗脱级分。对各级分做化学分析及ＩＲ和＾１３ＣＮＭＲ光谱分析。结果表明，龙须菜多糖由琼二糖、琼胶糖前体和６－ＯＣＨ３－琼二糖组成  相似文献