华能南京电厂粉煤灰中微珠的矿物相特征及形成机理探讨     

徐红  陈小明 《高校地质学报》2000,6(1):80-88

利用现代分析测试技术,对华能南京电厂粉煤灰中玻璃微珠的一些物理性质和微结构特征,如形貌、粒径分布、颗粒类型和化学成分、矿物相种类和含量、漂珠的丰度、微珠的 壳壁厚度以及热稳定性等进行了详细研究,并对其成因机制进行了讨论。空心微珠包括各种复珠的形成,主要与煤的成分和微结构有关,也与煤粒的燃烧过程有一定的联系。  相似文献   

南海火山玻璃的分布特征、化学成分及源区探讨   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

陈忠  夏斌  颜文  陈木宏  杨慧宁  古森昌  李扬 《海洋学报》2005,27(5):73-81

研究了南海火山玻璃的分布特征、化学成分及源区,结果表明,表层沉积物中的火山玻璃含量基本呈南北向分布,由北部、西部、南部大陆架分别向中部、东部深海盆逐渐增加;柱样沉积物中的火山玻璃在深海盆出现的层数多、含量大.火山玻璃化学组分之间的相关性不显著,表层沉积物中的火山玻璃属于安山岩,柱样沉积物中的火山玻璃的岩石类型广泛,主要属于安山岩和流纹岩.菲律宾岛弧火山带、南海深海盆火山喷发以及印尼岛弧火山带是南海火山玻璃主要源区,火山玻璃搬运和沉积主要受台风、越赤道气流和环流的影响和控制.  相似文献   

我国钾长石矿产资源分布、开发利用、问题与对策   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

胡波  韩效钊  肖正辉  陆亚玲  陈敏 《化工矿产地质》2005,27(1):25-32

我国钾长石矿产资源丰富,分布广泛,其中安徽、内蒙古、新疆、四川、山西等省(区)的钾长石分布相对集中,储量丰富,成为当地的优势非金属矿产资源。随着科学技术的发展,钾长石广泛应用于工业生产。我国在利用钾长石生产玻璃、陶瓷、化肥等方面都取得了一些进展。但还存在钾长石市场不完善;生产企业缺乏竞争力;钾长石产品技术含量低等问题。应通过进一步深入研究制定解决市场、技术、产品等问题的相应对策,促进钾长石在相应领域的开发利用。  相似文献   

Individual glass shard trace element analyses confirm that all known Toba tephra reported from India is from the c. 75‐ka Youngest Toba eruption          下载免费PDF全文

NICHOLAS J. G. PEARCE  JOHN A. WESTGATE  EMMA GATTI  JINNAPPA N. PATTAN  GOPAL PARTHIBAN  HEMA ACHYUTHAN 《第四纪科学杂志》2014,29(8):729-734

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Effect of NAPL exposure on the wettability and two‐phase flow in a single rock fracture          下载免费PDF全文

Hang Bok Lee  Byung‐Woo Kim 《水文研究》2015,29(23):4919-4931

Surface‐wetting properties are an important cause of changing the groundwater and two‐phase fluid flows. Various factors affecting the surface wettability were investigated in a parallel‐walled glass fracture with non‐aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) (gasoline, diesel, trichloroethylene, and creosote) wetted surfaces. First, the effect of the duration of NAPL exposure on wettability change was considered at pre‐wet fracture surfaces using the various NAPL species, and the result showed that the surface became hydrophobic after the exposure time of NAPL exceeded 2000 min. Second, the initial wetting state of the surface affected the timing when the wettability change begins as well as the extent of the wettability change in an NAPL‐wetted rock fractures. Under the dry condition, the wettability change was completed within a very short time of exposure to NAPL (~5 min), and then it finally reached the intermediate and weakly NAPL wetting (contact angle of 118°). Under the pre‐wet condition, a relatively long time of exposure (~5000 min) was needed to observe the obvious change of the surface wettability, which was changed up to strongly NAPL wetting (contact angle of 142°). Third, the wettability changed by NAPL exposure was stable and maintained for a long time, regardless of water flushing rate and temperature. Finally, the wettability change by the exposure of NAPL on parallel fracture surfaces was evaluated at various groundwater flow velocities. Result showed that groundwater flow velocity has an important impact upon measured contact angle. Although fracture surfaces were exposed to NAPL at the low groundwater flow velocity, the wettability was not changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic when the contact time between NAPL and mineral surfaces was not sufficient owing to the pulse‐type movement of NAPL. This implies that the variation of exposure pattern due to groundwater flow on the wettability change can be an important factor affecting the wettability change of fracture surface and migration behaviour at natural fractured rock aquifers in case of NAPL spill. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Machine learning classifiers for attributing tephra to source volcanoes: an evaluation of methods for Alaska tephras     

Matthew S. M. Bolton  Britta J. L. Jensen  Kristi Wallace  Nore Praet  David Fortin  Darrell Kaufman  Marc De Batist 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(1-2):81-92

Glass composition-based correlations of volcanic ash (tephra) traditionally rely on extensive manual plotting. Many previous statistical methods for testing correlations are limited by using geochemical means, masking diagnostic variability. We suggest that machine learning classifiers can expedite correlation, quickly narrowing the list of likely candidates using well-trained models. Eruptives from Alaska's Aleutian Arc-Alaska Peninsula and Wrangell volcanic field were used as a test environment for 11 supervised classification algorithms, trained on nearly 2000 electron probe microanalysis measurements of glass major oxides, representing 10 volcanic sources. Artificial neural networks and random forests were consistently among the top-performing learners (accuracy and kappa > 0.96). Their combination as an average ensemble effectively improves their performance. Using this combined model on tephras from Eklutna Lake, south-central Alaska, showed that predictions match traditional methods and can speed correlation. Although classifiers are useful tools, they should aid expert analysis, not replace it. The Eklutna Lake tephras are mostly from Redoubt Volcano. Besides tephras from known Holocene-active sources, Holocene tephra geochemically consistent with Pleistocene Emmons Lake Volcanic Center (Dawson tephra), but from a yet unknown source, is evident. These tephras are mostly anchored by a highly resolved varved chronology and represent new important regional stratigraphic markers.  相似文献   

国家速滑馆动态高精度施工测量关键技术及应用     

李久林  徐浩  唐超 《测绘通报》2021,(8):123-128,165

国家速滑馆建筑结构在空间上的不规则性、多样性、复杂性及超大规模给施工测量带来较大的难度,因此,加强对动态高精度测量技术的研究和应用,是实现施工过程各专业、各环节高精度搭接的重要基础。国家速滑馆动态高精度施工测量关键技术解决了不均匀作用力下大跨度马鞍形索网同步张拉困难的技术难题;突破了特大异形柔性结构屋顶预制、安装和调控精密测量关键技术,实现了精密工程测量从静态到动态、离散到连续的转变;形成了模型驱动的一测多用高密度网状排管表观形态高效测量新方法;解决了受阻或封闭环境长距离连续面超高精度地坪标高测量难题,有效指导了施工作业,为2022年冬奥会速滑项目的开展提供了保障。  相似文献   

Importance of volcanic glass alteration to sediment stabilization: offshore Japan     

RUSSELL J. WHITE  GLENN A. SPINELLI  PETER S. MOZLEY  NELIA W. DUNBAR 《Sedimentology》2011,58(5):1138-1154

A minor amount (ca 1 wt%) of amorphous silica cement sourced from volcanic glass inhibits consolidation of hemipelagic sediment approaching the Nankai Trough subduction zone throughout the Shikoku Basin. The distribution and nature of the cement were examined via secondary and backscattered electron imaging. The amorphous silica occurs as altered material in contact with volcanic glass, coating grains (including grain contacts) and filling pores. Based on chemical and petrographic evidence, the cement is probably sourced from volcanic glass; this is in contrast to a previous suggestion that this silica cement is sourced dominantly from biogenic silica. Amorphous silica sourced from disseminated volcanic glass shards has the ability to form a thin coating on clay‐dominated sediment throughout the Shikoku Basin. Measured amorphous silica content in hemipelagic sediments suggests that the cementing process is active throughout the Shikoku Basin (at sites separated by >500 km). The cementation process may occur in other locations where sediment containing hydrated disseminated volcanic glass is buried sufficiently for heat to facilitate alteration (i.e. Central America, Cascadia and the Gulf of Alaska).  相似文献   

玄武岩玻璃的电子探针分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

孙志华  刘开平  刘民武 《岩矿测试》2011,30(4):446-450

将电子探针分析技术应用于检测玄武岩玻璃中的SiO2、CaO、Al2O3、Fe2O3、MgO、K2O、TiO2、Na2O、P2O5。为了快速、准确地测定硅酸盐样品元素含量,文章针对硅酸盐样品特性,系统地调整了多种测试条件,通过结果对比得到测定硅酸盐样品最佳的实验条件。结果表明,在测试含量较低的元素时,晶体应尽可能选取灵敏度较高的小晶体;所测元素的特征波长尽可能靠近晶体测试范围的中间波段;在测试含量较低的元素以及含有易迁移的元素时,加大加速电压以及发射电流可以提高低含量元素的准确性;对含有易迁移元素的样品尽可能采用大束斑进行测试;对所含元素较多,且原子序数差别较大的样品,应采用PRZ修正方法进行修正。  相似文献   

人造硼铝酸锶的宝石学特征研究     

温纪如  康霞  王蕾蕾 《甘肃地质》2011,(3):80-83

市场上大量出现的新型强磷光材料——人造硼铝酸锶,被广泛应用于雕刻艺术品,制造各种首饰和夜明珠等产品。本文通过系统测试研究得知,该种材料的主要矿物组成为微晶铝酸锶和玻璃相的氧化硼,只有合成时在特定的煅烧温度（1 300℃）和时间控制（3h）下,形成的材料才具有长余辉特征。因在自然界中尚未发现与其对应的晶质或非晶质体,所以...  相似文献