海水养殖业资源与环境的可持续发展     

宁修仁  刘诚刚  郝锵  乐凤凤 《海洋学研究》2007,25(3):75-83

概述了我国海水养殖业在快速发展过程中由于出现养殖产业规划滞后和养殖生态环境恶化而带来的若干问题。简要介绍"浙江省重点养殖海湾养殖生态和养殖容量研究"的立项背景和研究目的,鱼类、贝类和大型藻类的养殖容量研究方法以及相关的主要研究成果,展示了近海养殖生态和养殖容量的研究思路,为相关研究的进一步展开提供了一个范例。海水养殖的长远发展必须走可持续发展之路,良好的沿岸生态环境、资源与环境的和谐是支撑海水养殖业健康、持续发展的前提。总结了我国海水养殖业管理取得的进步并指出尚存在的问题。针对海水养殖业保持可持续发展的基本途径,提出了海水养殖业的规划管理和海水养殖技术改进等方面的科学建议。  相似文献   

Source of and potential bio-indicator for the heavy metal pollution in Ny-(A)lesund, Arctic     

Wang Xiaofei  Yuan Linxi  Luo Honghao  Long Nanye  Wang Yuhong  Sun Liguang 《极地研究(英文版)》2007,18(2)

Three kinds of tundra plant samples including Dicranum angnstum(a type of boreal bryophyte) , PuccineUia phryganodes (a type of fringy p/ant),Salix polaris (a type of vascular plant) and surface soil were samples in 200 at Ny-Alesund of the Arctic.The levels of eight heavy metal elements (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Mn) and three metal-like dements (As, Se, Sr) in the plant and soil samples of the areas within previous coal mining activities are significantly higher than those of other areas.The relative accumulation of these elements in these tundra plant samples is consistent with the one in the soft samples, especially in the areas affected by previous coal-mining activities.Thus, the pollution is apparently from local coal mining activity.Dicranum angustum has the highest concentrations among those elements, and it can be a good bio-indicator for heavy metal pollution in Ny(A)lesund.Though Ny(A)lesund is less polluted by heavy metal than nearby Northern European human living areas, but much more than the tundras of the Alaska, Greenland and the Antarctic.  相似文献   

中国黄渤海春秋季今生颗石藻     

谨华龙  冯媛媛  李晓倩  翟惟东  孙军 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):132-146

The living coccolithophores(LCs) are an important class of calcified taxa of phytoplankton functional groups,and major producers of marine biogenic inorganic carbon,playing an important role in the marine carbon cycle.In this study,we report the two-demensional abundance,composition of LCs and its correlation with the environmental parameters in spring and autumn,in order to understand the ecological role of LCs in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.In spring,totally 9 taxa belonging to coccolithophyceae were identified using a polarized microscope at the 1 000× magnification.The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,and Calcidiscus leptoporus.The abundance of coccosphores and coccoliths ranged 0–7.72cells/m L,and 0–216.09 coccoliths/m L,with the average values of 0.21 cells/m L,and 11.36 coccoliths/m L,respectively.The Emiliania huxleyi distribution was similar to Gephyrocapsa oceanica.The highest abundance of coccoliths was observed in the east of Shandong Peninsula in northern Yellow Sea,whereas Helicosphaera carteri distributed more widely.Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica were the two predominant species in LCs with higher abundances.The distribution of LCs was similar to that of coccoliths.In autumn,14 taxa belonging to coccolithophyceae were identified with dominant species as Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,Calcidiscus leptoporus and Oolithotus fragilis.The abundance of coccosphores and coccoliths ranged 0–24.69 cells/m L,and 0–507.15 coccoliths/m L,with the average values of 1.47 cells/m L,and55.89 coccoliths/m L,respectively.The highest abundance of coccoliths was located in Qingdao coastal waters and south of the survey area.The distribution of LCs was similar to the coccoliths; in addition,LCs presented large abundance in the east of the central Yellow Sea area.  相似文献   

烟台市人居环境研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙媛媛  李爽  张祖陆 《云南地理环境研究》2012,24(1):75-80

在分析以往诸多学者建立的人居环境指标体系基础上,构建了烟台市的人居环境评价指标体系。基于烟台市2004、2007、2010年的数据,利用线性加权模型对人居环境质量进行测算。结果表明：烟台市的人居环境整体水平不断提高,但是人居环境系统的内部结构缺乏稳定性,各指标发展不协调,建设完善的人居环境仍然有很长的路要走。并根据人居环境的现状提出了相应的优化对策。  相似文献   

典型山区居民生活水平评价及空间差异——以四川省凉山州为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何仁伟  刘邵权  刘运伟 《山地学报》2012,(3):264-275

通过建立城乡居民生活水平评价指标体系,以西南山区的四川省凉山州彝族自治州为例,运用主成分分析法,分别计算出各县(市)城乡居民综合生活水平指数、农村居民生活水平指数和城镇居民生活水平指数,并将其划分成较高、中等和较低三级。通过空间自相关模型分析发现,县域居民生活水平表现出较强的空间聚集性,空间差异明显;相对于城镇居民生活水平而言,农村居民生活水平空间聚集特征更加明显。造成凉山州城乡居民生活水平空间差异的原因有:1.少数民族人口的空间分布。县域城乡居民综合生活水平、农村居民生活水平与其少数民族人口比例呈高度负相关。2.地理资源的空间分布。凉山州地理资源条件较好的安宁河流域的"五县一市"城乡居民综合生活水平指数和农村居民生活水平指数均高于其他县域。3.农村居民生活水平的空间差异更加明显。凉山州城乡居民综合生活水平的空间差异主要体现为农村居民生活水平的空间差异。随后,对提高山区居民生活水平特别是农村居民生活水平,促进其区域协调发展的相关政策措施进行了简单探讨。  相似文献   

辽宁西部地区缺水因素分析及地下水资源开发利用建议     

王庆雨  刘凯  朱锦程 《城市地质》2010,5(4):17-20,7

淡水资源是基础自然资源。辽宁省西部地区地下水资源贫乏,生态环境脆弱,需科学、合理开发利用地下水资源,支持缺水地区经济的发展,改善当地人民的生活水平和生态环境建设。  相似文献   

皱纹蛤的生态观察     

黄洋  劳赞  杜涛 《广东海洋大学学报》2007,27(6):80-83

<正>皱纹蛤Periglypta puerpera(Linnaeus,1771)隶属帘蛤目Veneroida、帘蛤科Veneridae、皱纹蛤属Periglypta。目前国内只有分布和外部形态上的一些描述[1~2],对其生态习性尚无详细的研究。笔者从2004年1月至2005年3月,对雷州半岛西部流沙湾皱纹蛤的生态进行了实验和观察,现报道如下。  相似文献   

Karst database implementation in Minnesota: analysis of sinkhole distribution     

Y. Gao  E.C. Alexander Jr  R.J. Barnes 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(8):1083-1098

This paper presents the overall sinkhole distributions and conducts hypothesis tests of sinkhole distributions and sinkhole formation using data stored in the Karst Feature Database (KFD) of Minnesota. Nearest neighbor analysis (NNA) was extended to include different orders of NNA, different scales of concentrated zones of sinkholes, and directions to the nearest sinkholes. The statistical results, along with the sinkhole density distribution, indicate that sinkholes tend to form in highly concentrated zones instead of scattered individuals. The pattern changes from clustered to random to regular as the scale of the analysis decreases from 10–100 km² to 5–30 km² to 2–10 km². Hypotheses that may explain this phenomenon are: (1) areas in the highly concentrated zones of sinkholes have similar geologic and topographical settings that favor sinkhole formation; (2) existing sinkholes change the hydraulic gradient in the surrounding area and increase the solution and erosional processes that eventually form more new sinkholes.  相似文献   

绿色建筑的内涵及其发展的若干思考     

罗栋燊廖福霖  官巧燕郑国诜 《亚热带资源与环境学报》2006,1(2):84-87

随着我国城市化进程的快速推进，大规模的人居环境建设使我国的资源与环境面临巨大的挑战，发展绿色建筑已经成为可持续发展的重大战略问题．文章从可持续发展的角度，指出了绿色建筑的内涵与特征，并归纳了绿色建筑与一般建筑的区别．在此基础上，提出了发展绿色建筑的具体对策．  相似文献   

碳循环及对气候变化和人类生存环境的影响   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3  

张佳华  卞林根  延晓冬  姚凤梅 《气象科学》2006,26(3):350-354

碳循环及全球变暖已成为影响气候变化、人类生存环境和经济共同发展和安全的重大问题,引起了全球科学、政治、外交政策等部门的重视。本文着重探讨碳循环的由来、生态系统与碳循环的科学相关、在碳循环方面,中国需要解决的问题和科学技术方法以及碳循环系统的科学研究方法和改进等问题。  相似文献