Origin of the Neoproterozoic Baijianshan Banded Iron Formation at the Southeastern Margin of the Tarim Block in NW China: Implication for an Extremely Reducing Ocean     

HAO Xiaoshu  ZHANG Chuanlin  ZHANG Huichao  DING Teng  YE Xiantao 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(1):208-220

The Neoproterozoic banded iron formations(BIFs)were closely associated with the“Snowball Earth”during the breakup of the Rodinia,thus they played an important role in our understanding of the atmospheric and oceanic oxygen levels during this period.In this contribution,the Neoproterozoic(ca.737 Ma)Baijianshan BIF at Southeast Tarim,northwestern China was identified.Magnetite is the dominated iron-species,which occurs as the lamina interbedded with chert.The BIF contains low concentrations of trace elements,and is depleted in light rare earth elements(LREEs)based on comparison with the Post-Archean Australian Shale(PAAS).In addition,the BIF exhibits slightly positive La-Eu anomalies,negligible Ce anomalies,insignificant Y anomalies,chondritic Y/Ho ratios(23-32),and slightly chondritic initial ε_Nd(t=737 Ma)values(?0.45 to 1.46,averaging 0.37).All these features indicate that the precipitation of Baijianshan BIF was closely related to the submarine low-T hydrothermal fluids with little detrital contribution.Moreover,the Baijianshan BIF is characterized by the significant enrichment of heavy Fe isotopes,with δ⁵⁷Fe_IRMM-014 values ranging from 1.78‰ to 3.05‰,revealing the partial oxidation of Fe²⁺ into Fe³⁺ during the precipitation of this BIF.Our data suggest that the formation of Baijianshan BIF was closely associated with a significantly reducing ocean,which most likely was isolated from the oxidized atmosphere by a local ice sheet.This Neoproterozoic Baijianshan ocean has the initial oxygen levels as low as,or even lower than that of Archean and Paleoproterozoic oceans.  相似文献   

江南古陆中段沧水铺群锆石U-Pb年龄和构造演化意义   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

高林志刘燕学  丁孝忠张传恒  王自强陈 俊 刘耀荣 《中国地质》2012,39(1):12-20

江南古陆中段湖南益阳地区沧水铺群发育在冷家溪群和板溪群之间,其在地层柱中的位置一直是中国地质学家解疑江南造山带何时启动的关键层位。笔者在沧水铺群中的火山集块岩中获得锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄(821±13)Ma,再次验证了沧水铺群中的火山岩是820 Ma武陵运动之前的火山事件的产物,与武陵运动的启动有关,也说明该期火山岩与冷家溪群中大量的火山凝灰岩为同一构造运动的产物。  相似文献   

西秦岭北缘天水地区新元古代花岗质片麻岩地球化学特征及其形成环境     

刘成军  裴先治  李佐臣  李瑞保  裴磊  高景民  魏方辉  王银川  吴树宽  陈有炘 《中国区域地质》2012,(10):1588-1601

西秦岭北缘新元古代花岗质片麻岩位于天水地区分隔北秦岭造山带和北祁连构造带的新阳-元龙韧性剪切带中。花岗质片麻岩具高Si、高Al的特征,属高钾钙碱性系列,A/CNK在1.104～1.389之间,为硅、铝过饱和类型,属典型的强过铝质S型花岗质岩石。轻、重稀土元素分馏较强,具中等负Eu异常。岩石富集大离子亲石元素（Cs、Rb、Ba、Th、U、K、La等）,强烈亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Ti、Hf等）,明显的Ba、P、Sr负异常,相对富集Zr。该花岗质岩石是一种典型的壳源成因类型,主要为上地壳中以成熟度较低、含泥质成分较高的杂砂岩、岩屑杂砂岩为原岩的古元古界秦岭岩群中含水矿物相脱水部分熔融形成的,可能存在少量的分离结晶作用。该花岗质片麻岩具有同碰撞型花岗岩的特征,可能是北秦岭微地块与相邻地块在新元古代早期发生汇聚的产物,是Rodinia超大陆在西秦岭地区汇聚的响应。  相似文献   

皖南新元古代冰期地层再认识     

关成国  万斌  陈哲  傅强 《地层学杂志》2012,(3):611-619

前人认为皖南地区新元古代冰期地层存在两套冰碛岩。通过对皖南蓝田新元古界剖面和皖南地区的另外3条新元古界剖面的重新观察,发现该剖面只存在一套冰碛层和一套盖帽白云岩,均未发现间冰期地层。植被覆盖和地层错断是造成前人认为本地区新元古代冰期地层存在两套冰碛层和两套盖帽白云岩的主要原因。这一套冰碛层与中国南方扬子区南华系南沱组相当。  相似文献   

华南西部新元古代中期沉积盆地性质及其动力学分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨菲  汪正江  王剑  杜秋定  邓奇  伍浩  周小琳 《地质论评》2012,58(5):854-864

在桂北,新元古代丹洲群出露在九万大山至越城岭一带,为一套角度不整合在中——新元古界四堡群变质岩系之上,整合于南华冰期沉积之下的浅变质/未变质沉积岩夹火山岩组合。本文通过对罗城黄金丹洲群剖面的沉积相及沉积序列研究表明:白竹组至合桐组为冲洪积相(移地滨岸相)、三角洲相、浅海陆棚相、碳酸盐缓坡(台地)、深水陆棚相(或欠补偿盆地相)等沉积组合,拱洞组为深水浊积岩、浅海陆棚相沉积组合,晚期为滨浅海相或三角洲相组合。综合剖面沉积相、沉积层序以及其中多幕式的火山—岩浆活动等沉积记录分析,作者认为与新元古代新生沉积盆地开启相伴的双模式的、同期的、一系列大火成岩省的形成,沉积盆地早期的海侵上超和饥饿沉积,晚期差异沉降和快速充填,以及与盆地演化阶段相伴的幕式火山岩浆活动等一系列事实与弧陆碰撞模式是相矛盾的,丹洲群及其相当层位地层应为裂谷盆地充填序列,其盆地演化的阶段性可能是地幔柱幕式活动的沉积响应。  相似文献   

New zircon U-Pb ages of the pre-Sturtian rift successions from the western Yangtze Block,South China and their geological significance     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(9):1064-1075

ABSTRACT

The Neoproterozoic Kaijianqiao Formation is one of the most important pre-Sturtian rift successions in South China and there has long been a lack of reliable geochronological constraints for its minimum depositional age. In this study, new zircon U-Pb ages of volcaniclastic rocks from the topmost Kaijianqiao Formation are presented. The youngest SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U weighted mean ages of the tuff sample are 715.0 ± 9.8 and 718.8 ± 9.4 Ma, respectively. The youngest LA-ICP-MS zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U weighted mean age of the tuffaceous siltstone sample is 720.8 ± 7.4 Ma and represents the maximum depositional age of the topmost Kaijianqiao Formation. The results show that the minimum depositional age of the Kaijianqiao Formation in the western Yangtze Block should be ca. 715 Ma, consistent with other pre-Sturtian rift successions in South China, such as the Banxi Group, Chengjiang, and Liantuo formations. Together with the published zircon U-Pb ages, it is demonstrated that the Sturtian glaciation in South China (Jiangkou glaciation) most likely initiated around 715 Ma. In other Rodinia blocks, like Laurentia and Arabia, the Sturtian glaciation probably started between 712 and 717 Ma, thus our new results further support that the Sturtian glaciation was a rapid and globally synchronous event. Other ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U zircon ages display five distinct peaks at ca. 751, 780, 799, 819, and 848 Ma, which corresponded to the tectonic-magmatic events related to the break-up of Rodinia.  相似文献   

Geochemistry and zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopes of the 780 Ma I-type granites in the western Yangtze Block: petrogenesis and crustal evolution     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1222-1243

ABSTRACT

Neoproterozoic I-type granites could provide vital insights into the crust–mantle interaction and the crustal evolution along the western Yangtze Block, South China. This paper presents new zircon U–Pb ages, bulk-rock geochemistry, and in situ zircon Lu–Hf isotope on the Dalu I-type granites from the southwestern Yangtze Block. Zircon U–Pb dating show the crystallization ages of 781.1 ± 2.8 Ma for granodiorites and 779.8 ± 2.0 Ma for granites, respectively. The Dalu granodiorites are Na-rich, calc-alkaline, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous (A/CNK = 0.94–1.08). Zircons from granodiorite have positive εHf(t) values (+2.16 to +7.39) with crustal model ages of 1.21–1.54 Ga, indicating juvenile mafic lower crust source. The Dalu granites are high-K calc-alkaline, peraluminous rocks. They have variable zircon εHf(t) values (?4.65 to +5.80) with crustal model ages of 1.31–1.97 Ga, suggesting that they were derived from the mature metasediment-derived melts by the mixing of newly formed mafic lower crust-derived melts. The geochemical variations in Dalu pluton is dominated not only by the different source rocks but also by the different melting temperatures. Combining with the geochemistry and isotopic compositions of I-type granitoids and tectonic setting in the western Yangtze Block, we propose that the Dalu I-type granodiorites–granites associations are the magmatic response from different crustal levels, which were induced by the heat anomaly due to the asthenosphere upwelling in the subduction-related setting.  相似文献   

江南造山带西南段梵净山地区镁铁质-超镁铁质岩:形成时代、地球化学特征与构造环境   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛怀民  马芳  宋永勤 《岩石学报》2012,28(9):3015-3030

梵净山地区位于江南造山带的西南缘,这里新元古代的镁铁质-超镁铁质岩浆岩广泛发育,岩性包括枕状熔岩、超镁铁质-镁铁质岩床群以及浅成侵入的辉长岩,成分属拉斑玄武岩系列。其中枕状熔岩以富集轻稀土元素和Rb、Ba、Th、U等强不相容元素,亏损高场强元素Nb和Ta,低的εNd(t)值为特征,明显不同于洋脊玄武岩,推测其成因可能与富集型地幔的部分熔融有关,形成于与俯冲有关的弧后小洋盆环境。超镁铁质-镁铁质岩床群主要由辉绿岩和碳酸辉橄岩组成,其中超镁铁质岩床群中出现大量的原生碳酸盐矿物,指示它们形成于拉张(甚至裂谷)的构造环境。辉长岩可能是区内最晚形成的岩浆岩,其SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为821±4Ma。由枕状熔岩经超镁铁质-镁铁质岩床群到辉长岩,高场强元素Nb和Ta的亏损程度减弱、轻稀土元素的富集程度降低、εNd(t)值由负值变为正值,指示随时间的由早到晚,来自亏损地幔的物质不断增加。推测梵净山地区新元古代岩浆作用的顺序大致为:枕状熔岩(～840Ma)→白云母花岗岩(～838Ma)→碳酸超镁铁质岩床群→镁铁质岩床群→辉长岩(～821Ma),构造环境由俯冲-碰撞到拉张-裂谷。  相似文献   

滇南新元古代的岩浆作用：来自瑶山群深变质岩SHRIMP锆石 U-Pb年代学证据   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李宝龙  季建清  王丹丹  马宗晋 《地质学报》2012,86(10):1584-1591

滇南瑶山—哀牢山地区出露一套呈NW—SE向狭长条带状展布的深变质岩系——下元古界瑶山群和哀牢山群,并认为存在前寒武纪的结晶基底。本文选取瑶山群眼球状花岗质糜棱岩和金平阿得博的片麻状花岗岩作为研究对象,进行SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年。结合阴极发光图像,获得岩浆锆石的结晶年龄为828±6.2Ma(N=11,MSWD=1.8)和748～801Ma。同时,作者在墨江-元江剖面的哀牢山群黑云母花岗闪长质片麻岩中获得SHRIMP锆石核部U-Pb年龄为769～893Ma。研究揭示滇南的瑶山和哀牢山地区存在新元古代岩浆作用。瑶山群中古老残余锆石核部的984Ma年龄和哀牢山群中古老残余锆石核部年龄1104～1353Ma及2655Ma,表明该区存在中元古代或太古代的结晶基底,研究区很可能位于南华裂谷与康滇裂谷的交汇部位,新元古代的岩浆活动可能与Rodinia超大陆聚合——裂解过程有关。这为构筑Rodinia超大陆聚散过程和揭示华南大地构造演化史提供年代学方面证据。  相似文献   

Structural and geochronological relationships of metamorphic soles of eastern Mediterrranean ophiolites to surrounding units: indicators of intra‐oceanic subduction and emplacement     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):189-215

This paper is a synthesis of structural and geochronological data from eastern Mediterranean ophiolitic metamorphic rocks and surrounding units to interpret the intra‐oceanic subduction and ophiolite emplacement mechanism.

Metamorphic rocks occur as discontinuous tectonic slices at the base of the ophiolites, generally between the peridotite tectonites and volcanic‐sedimentary units, and locally in fault zones in the overlying peridotites. They consist essentially of amphibolite, and in lesser quantities, micaschist, quartzite, epidotite and marble.

Geological and geochronological data indicate that recrystallization of the metamorphic rocks occurred in the oceanic environment. The contact between the metamorphic rocks and the hanging‐wall is parallel to the foliation of the metamorphic rocks, and is interpreted as the fossil plane of intra‐oceanic subduction. Structural relationships suggest that intra‐oceanic subduction was situated between two lithospheric blocks separated by an oceanic fracture zone. Therefore the Neotethyan ophiolites with metamorphic soles represent the remnants of the overriding oceanic lithosphere's training slices of the metamorphic rocks at the base.

In the Anatolian region, radiometric dating of metamorphic rocks from the Taurus and Izmir‐Ankara‐Erzincan zone ophiolites yield nearly identical ages. Besides, palaeontological and structural data indicate coeval opening and similar oceanic ridge orientation. Consequently it is highly probable that Taurus and Izmir‐Ankara‐Erzincan zone ophiolites represent fragments of the same oceanic lithosphere derived from a single spreading zone. Palaeontological data from underlying volcanic and sedimentary units point out that the opening of the Neotethyan ocean occurred during Late Permian‐Middle Triassic time in the Iranian‐Oman region, during Middle Triassic in Dinaro‐Hellenic area, and finally during Late Triassic in the Anatolian region.

Radiometric dating of the metamorphic rocks exhibit that the intra‐oceanic thrusting occurred during late Lower‐early Late Jurassic for Dinaro‐Hellenic ophiolites, late Lower‐early Late Cretaceous for Anatolian, Iranian and Oman ophiolites well before their obduction on the Gondwanian continent. Neotethyan ophiolites were obducted onto various sections of the Gondwanian continent from late Upper Jurassic to Palaeocene time, Dinaro‐Hellenic ophiolites during late Upper Jurassic‐early Lower Cretaceous onto the Adriatic promontory, Anatolian, Iranian and Oman ophiolites from late Lower Cretaceous to Palaeocene onto the Aegean, Anatolian and Arabic promontories.  相似文献