Studies on rickettsia-like organism(RLO)disease of tropical marine pearl oyster--Epidemiologicai investigation of RLO disease in juvenile populations of maricultured Pinctada maxima     

Xinzhong Wu  Dengfeng Li  Jinpei Pan  Jingbo Jiang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(3)

The death which occurred in juvenile population was a severe problem in the course ofPinctada maxima artificial culture. With the methods of field investigation, histological study andstatistic analyses, the epidemiological study was carried out on the disease and death in juvenile popula-tions of Pinctada maxima in the Xinying Pearl Oyster Mariculture Farm of Lingao County (for the A,B and C batches of cultured juveniles hanged in the sea) and the Xincun Pearl Oyster Mariculture Farmof Lingshui County (for the D batch of cultured juvenile hanged in the pond), Hainan Province fromNovember 1993 to April 1995. The results show that the deaths which occurred in juvenile populations of Pinctada maxima pre-sented an outbreak pattern. The peak of mortality rates, in general, occurred in 4-to 6-month old pearloyster juveniles, and the mortality rates gradully declined with the extention of pearl oyster age after cul-turing 8 months. The correlation between the mortality rates of juvenile populations and mean bodylengths of juvenile populations show that the mortality rate become higher under 4 cm of mean bodylengths of juvenile population and become obvious declined over 5 cm of mean body lengths. The peak ofmortality rate occurred in 1 ～3 cm of mean body lengths. The results of histological observation showedthat rickettsia-like organism inclusions were common, histological widespread infective agent among ev-ery batches (A, B, C and D) of cultured juvenile populations. The mean severity indices (SI) of rick-ettsia-like organism (RLO) infection were positively correlated with mortality rates of juvenile popula-tions. After or within every peaks of RLO infection were all accompanied with the peaks of mortalityrates of host populations and the mortality rates declined with decreased RLO infection. So the evidencesof histological observation and epidemiology in this study indicated that rickettsia-like organism (RLO)may be as an important pathogenic organism of disease and death of cultured Pinctada maxima. In addi-tion, a few ciliates were discovered only in part of batch A of cultured juvenile population. The mortalityrates in juvenile populations were not correlated with the weekly mean temperature and salinity of seawater.  相似文献   

方斑东风螺养殖技术研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄瑞  苏文良  龚涛文  郑杰民  赖鹏辉 《台湾海峡》2006,25(2):295-301

本工作对方斑东风螺亲螺培育及产卵、种苗培养、幼螺养成过程中的一系列技术进行了研究,并对其行为及生态习性进行了观察.实验结果表明,在方斑东风螺养殖过程中,不同饵料培养效果的优劣顺序为牡蛎 〉鱼 〉鲆饵 〉鳗饵.在培养密度较高时,玻璃缸流水培养效果要优于静水培养.但同为低密度培养时,静水与流水效果差异不大.水泥池养殖结果显示平面养殖每平方米可养壳高15mm以下幼螺1 000～2 000个,壳高15～20mm的1 000～1 200个,壳高20～30mm以上的600～800个.使用鲍笼立体养殖亦可获得很高的成活率与生长率,将壳高20mm以上的幼螺放入鲍笼,4～5层笼叠加立体养殖,每平方米可养1 667～2 333个,笼养60d的成活率达95%以上.  相似文献   

彩虹明樱蛤的耗氧率与排氨率研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

董志国  李晓英  孟学平  程汉良  阎斌伦  陈汉春  王美珍 《台湾海峡》2006,25(4):503-508

研究了不同水温和不同规格下处于标准代谢状态的彩虹明樱蛤耗氧率与排氨率,并测定了窒息点.结果表明:在20℃时,水中DO大于临界值5.00mg/dm3时,彩虹明樱蛤的耗氧率和排氨率处于相对稳定的状态,分别为2.01×10-3(m/m)/h和16.73μmol/(g.h);当DO低于此值,则代谢出现异常,耗氧率随DO下降而下降,直到窒息为止,其窒息点为1.22mg/dm3,而排氨率也呈直线下降,随着耗氧停止而停止。  相似文献   

菲律宾蛤仔稚贝摄食、呼吸和排泄率的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

肖国强  张炯明  柴雪良  陆荣茂  林志华  方军 《台湾海峡》2006,25(1):30-35

本文利用实验生态学的方法研究了不同温度对菲律宾蛤仔稚贝的呼吸、排泄的影响以及在25℃下菲律宾蛤仔稚贝对4种单细胞藻类的滤食率．实验结果表明，温度对菲律宾蛤仔稚贝耗氧率、排氨率有显著影响，菲律宾蛤仔稚贝在12-32℃范围内，排氨率随温度的升高呈峰值变化，在26℃排氨率达到最大值然后开始下降，耗氧率随温度的升高而增大，耗氧率（OR）和温度（t）的回归方程为：OR=0．0155e^0.696t，R^2=0．9291．O：N也随着温度的升高而升高，菲律宾蛤仔稚贝呼吸Q10平均3．8，排泄Q10平均是1．88．菲律宾蛤仔稚贝在单位时问内（g／h）对4种藻类的滤食率高低依次为扁藻〉小球藻〉金藻〉角毛藻，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。  相似文献   

辽宁北票煤田三宝深部煤层气资源特征     

刘欣 《国土资源》2000,(3)

依据煤田勘探及煤矿井下生产资料分析，认为北票煤田三宝含煤地层具有煤层和分散有机质（干络根）两种生气母质。煤层裂隙、断层附近以及煤层顶板砂岩是煤层气（瓦斯）储存的有利空间。煤系上部巨厚的泥岩层是天然的盖层。该区为超级瓦斯矿井就是佐证。初步估算煤层气资源应该在30～40亿m3,故该区煤层气具有开发利用的潜力。  相似文献   

论扬子地区上奥陶统五峰组观音桥段的深海成因   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

徐论勋肖传桃  龚文平何幼斌 《地质学报》2004,78(6):726-732

通过对沉积速率与现代深海沉积速率的比较及古生态学、生物古地理学、海平面变化以及沉积特征综合的分析 ,认为观音桥段形成于深海环境中 ,且属深海等深流沉积。奥陶 -志留系之交广泛发生的高频火山事件可能是生物灭绝的主要和直接原因 ,而火山事件、铱和碳同位素异常事件与志留纪初期缺氧事件在奥陶 -志留系之交的耦合作用可能是 H irnantia- Dalmanitina动物群的灭绝的主要原因。  相似文献   

对藏北嘎色地区沙木罗组的新认识          下载免费PDF全文

廖六根  李晓勇  邹爱建  肖业斌 《沉积与特提斯地质》2006,26(2):12-15

笔者在西藏班公错-怒江结合带中段南缘嘎色地区的一套缺少化石依据的地层中,发现有孔虫Mesorbitolinasp.等化石,地层时代确定为晚侏罗世—早白垩世,层位应归属沙木罗组上部。该套地层地质时代的确定,对研究沙木罗组的沉积相,重塑古地理环境有十分重要意义。  相似文献   

A sediment core sectioning method to minimize the post-sampling redistribution of organisms     

Frank M. Wilhelm  David C. Lasenby 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1997,59(1):34-38

We present a mechanical method to horizontally section soft bottom sediment cores to minimize the vertical post-sampling redistribution of motile infaunal macroinvertebrates. A clear acrylic core tube for a standard Kajak-Brinkhurst corer was modified by cutting a series of horizontal slits into the side of the core tube to allow the insertion of sectioning plates for physically sealing each section immediately after core retrieval. The modification is simple, inexpensive and easily adapted to any open barrel gravity corer.  相似文献   

APPLICATION OF CLAYS TO REMOVAL OF RED TIDE ORGANISMS Ⅲ.THE COAGULATION OF KAOLIN ON RED TIDE ORGANISMS   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18  

俞志明  邹景忠  马锡年 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1995,13(1):62-70

This article reports studies on the coagulation of kaolin(from Wuxian,Jiangsu,China)on various red tide organisms,and the observation for the first time that the coagulation of kaolin is much greaterthan that of montmorillonite so that kaolin is a more effective clay for removing red tide organisms.The authors’theoretical explanation and analysis by a mathematical-physical model prove that comparedto montmorillonite,kaolin has greater attraction for organism cells and therefore greater coagulation capabil-ity.This project’s studies on the effects of pH and acid-treatment show that the acid-treatment does not have much influence on the kaolin system;whereas the effect of pH on the kaolin system is the same asthat on the montmonrillonite system.  相似文献   

δ15N在污水生物脱氮机理研究中的应用     

刘贤荣  闫秀懿  张永祥 《吉林地质》2003,22(1):54-57,82

近年来,硝酸盐氮的污染愈来愈严重.无论是地表水还是地下水都受到不同程度的氮污染.控制氮污染及处理氮污染问题已经提到我国水污染控制的议事日程.本文探索微生物处理含氮污水的过程中反硝化作用的脱氮机理,使用δ15N标识技术研究水体中三氮运移转化过程中的质量不守恒,证明δ15N标识技术研究确定不同形态氮的数量各系是可行的.研究水体中三氮质量不守恒现象,将解决含氮污水生物净化中污泥上浮问题、氮污染含水层生物修复中气阻问题.  相似文献