川东北飞仙关组鲕滩气藏压力与成藏特征研究     

李仲东  张健  江兴福  过敏  余庆东 《矿物岩石》2009,29(4)

川东北飞仙关组鲕滩气藏原始地层压力在平面上分布极不均匀,高异常压力区呈局部块状分布.压力分布、气藏特征、成藏演化历史综合研究发现,不同压力状态反映不同气藏类型:正常压力系统(压力系数在1.25以下),多处于台地边缘礁滩相,储层岩性以云岩为主,储集类型多为孔隙型,气藏一般甲烷含量低、储层舍大量沥青、气藏连通范围大,具边底水等特征,主要为构造或岩性-构造型气藏;异常高压或超高压系统(压力系数多达1.65以上),多处于海槽区或台内云岩欠发育区,储层岩性以灰岩为主,甲烷含量高、储层不含或含极少量的沥青,不含或有限边底水等特征,主要为裂缝型岩性气藏;而处于台地内部,介于以上两种压力状态之间的过渡类型气藏,多出现轻微高压,压力系数多在1.20～1.45,孔隙-裂缝或裂缝-孔隙型储层交替出现,气藏连通范围有限,气水特征较复杂,主要为岩性型或构造-岩性气藏特征.同时鲕滩气藏压力系数与气藏储集系数明显成反向关系,地层压力大小体现了天然气储集系统空间大小,天然气富集于正常压力系统.地层压力威因及形成过程实际上反映了优质储层发育历史、天然气的充注历史、礁滩气藏成藏历史的配置关系和相互作用过程,详细研究它们的配置关系和作用过程对正确认识飞仙关组礁滩气藏的形成和分布规律有重要的理论和现实意义.  相似文献   

湘东北袁家山金钨矿区地质特征及找矿标志     

刘邦定  丁正兴  梁恩云 《华南地质与矿产》2009,(2):30-36

袁家山金钨矿床是湘东北有色贵金属找矿远景区内新发现的一个矿床。矿床地质综合研究表明：袁家山金钨矿床的成因类型属气成一热液交代石英脉型,矿床成矿地质条件良好,找矿潜力较大;对下一步工作提出了建议。  相似文献   

First skeletal remains of the giant sawfish Onchosaurus (Neoselachii,Sclerorhynchiformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of northeastern Italy     

《Cretaceous Research》2017

Sclerorhynchiform sawfishes are a diverse and extinct clade of elasmobranchs that is restricted to the Cretaceous. Most taxa are known only by isolated rostral spines, whereas skeletal remains are rare and have been reported from a small number of Upper Cretaceous localities. Here, we describe skeletal remains of the giant sclerorhynchiform Onchosaurus pharao for the first time, which provides new morphological information. The single specimen comes from middle-basal upper Turonian strata of the Lessini Mountains in northeastern Italy and represents the first record of this genus from Italy. The specimen consists of unidentifiable cranial remains, several diagnostic rostral spines, the rostrum with fragments of tessellated calcified cartilage, and 87 disarticulated vertebrae. The rostrum preserves the characteristic sensory system of sclerorhynchiforms. It is devoid of any lateral sockets indicating that rostral spines were attached laterally to its surface. This pattern is identical to most sclerorhynchiforms and extant pristiophoriformes implying also similar replacement patterns as in most other sclerorhynchiforms with the exception for Schizorhiza. Additionally, the bases of two longitudinally arranged rows of ventral rostral spines are identifiable concurring with patterns seen in Sclerorhynchus. The axial skeleton is partly preserved. Re-arranging the disarticulated vertebrae according to their life position in combination with measures of the size and thickness of preserved vertebral centra, and the ratio rostrum length/body size depending on the number of vertebral centra indicate that the specimen was ca. 450 cm long. Growth rings in the vertebral centra show that the specimen was about four years old and thus probably not yet fully sexual mature when it died. This age assumption corresponds well with the calculated size when compared with complete skeletons of extinct sclerorhynchiforms and extant pristiforms. The size of the specimen and its occurrence in hemipelagic rocks corroborates previous assumptions that this sclerorhynchiform was a large and pelagic sawfish.  相似文献   

赞比亚希富玛铜矿床含铜碳酸岩岩石学和地球化学及其成岩成矿意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

边千韬  盖寿山  刘绍友  张学书  傅朝义  郭江涛  李传班  占昌帆 《岩石学报》2017,33(6):1805-1826

新发现的赞比亚希富玛IOCG碳酸岩铜矿床位于泛非造山带卢菲里安弧复向斜带中部南缘,处于NW向深断裂带与NEE-EW向断裂带的交会部位。铜矿体主要赋存于含铜碳酸岩内。含铜碳酸岩主要侵入于新元古界上部孔德龙古群上部火山碎屑岩中,与矿区及其外围的岩浆岩构成含铜碳酸岩的杂岩组合。含铜碳酸岩灰白色块状构造,常见气孔构造和流动构造;含围岩捕掳体、熔融包体和流体包体;半自形细粒不等粒结构为主,镶嵌结构和包含结构很普遍;方解石和白云石双晶发育;矿物成分达40余种,主要非金属矿物为方解石,其次是硬石膏、白云石和萤石等;主要金属矿物为磁铁矿、黄铜矿和黄铁矿,其次有磁黄铁矿、闪锌矿、赤铁矿、辉钼矿、斑铜矿等。含铜碳酸岩全岩矿化,矿石构造主要为浸染状构造和斑杂状构造,其次为块状构造及稠密浸染状构造;矿石结构有自形-半自形细粒结构,他形细粒结构,交代熔蚀结构,固溶体分解结构,海绵陨铁结构等。含铜碳酸岩富CaO、FeO和Fe_2O_3,贫MgO,属铁质方解石碳酸岩;REE含量高,ΣREE=57.75×10~(-6)~1076×10~(-6),轻重稀土明显分馏,LREE/HREE=6.3~83.8,强正铕异常,弱负铈异常;富集Ba、Sr、Pb、U、Nb、P和LREE,亏损Ta、Zr、Hf和Ti;Zr/Hf、Y/Ho值和Y含量反映含铜碳酸岩出现了高度演化的熔体-流体过渡的岩浆体系;(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.705315~0.706708,在世界主要碳酸岩范围内;Sr-Nd同位素示踪显示岩浆可能源自EMⅠ;方解石的δ13CV-PDB为-17.8‰~-2.6‰,δ18OV-SMOW值变化于14.5‰~21.9‰;白云石的δ13CV-PDB为-18.8‰,δ18OV-SMOW值为13.5‰,均在世界碳酸岩的范围内;2个磁铁矿样品的δ18OV-SMOW值分别为4.3‰和4.6‰,接近地幔的氧同位素组成范围;金属硫化物的δ34SV-CDT(‰)值变化范围为-4.1~+10.5,在岩浆硫的范围内。此矿床为铁氧化物-铜-金(IOCG)型碳酸岩铜矿床。成岩成矿发生于泛非造山运动后造山伸展阶段拉张应力场构造环境。含铜碳酸岩和成矿物质可能主要源自受到富CO2地幔流体交代形成的EMⅠ富集地幔端元。成岩成矿机制可能是:从地幔源区部分熔融出的初始熔浆随着上侵和演化,液态不混溶出碱性硅酸盐岩浆和碳酸盐+硫酸盐岩浆;铜等成矿元素因亲硫而在碳酸盐+硫酸盐岩浆中富集。此岩浆随着上侵和演化发生液态不混溶作用,形成富集成矿物质和挥发分的含铜碳酸岩浆-热液过渡态流体。随着温度下降,其中碳酸盐矿物、硫酸盐矿物和磁铁矿大量晶出,氧被大量消耗掉,致使氧逸度降低,硫逸度增高,还原硫产生并快速增加,与Cu、Fe、Zn、Co、Mo等金属离子化合形成金属硫化物而成矿。  相似文献   

Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Northeastern Tarim Block: Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar Geochronology in the Kuluketage Area, NW China     

ZHANG Zhiyong  ZHU Wenbin  ZHENG Dewen  ZHENG Bihai  XIAO Wenjiao  LI Daming  HAN Chunming 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(4):1231-1247

Seventeen new 40Ar/39Ar analyses reported for ten Tarim Precambrian basement samples from the Kuluketage area, are applied to reconstruct the regional thermo-tectonic history together with previously published data. Eight samples were taken adjacent to the Xingdi and Xinger faults, major structures in the study area, whereas a further two were sampled at some distance from the faults. 40Ar/39Ar data from the latter record rapid cooling following a Neoproterozoic magmatic/metamorphic event and mild Paleozoic thermal disturbance. Paleozoic 40Ar/39Ar ages from the study area, as well as from the Central Tianshan and eastern Southern Tianshan suggest two strong deformational periods at ~390 Ma and ~300 Ma. During the older period, argon isotopic systems were reset/disturbed by high temperature related to arc magmatism resulting from subduction of the South Tianshan paleo-oceanic crust, possibly in combination with reactivation of Precambrian faults. The younger period is characterized by widespread late Carboniferous-early Permian intracontinental deformation, which is related to the final amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Previously published apatite fission track data attest to a long history of post-collisional cooling, which is attributed to continued propagation of deformation within the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.  相似文献   

Geochronology and geochemistry of metasedimentary rocks from the Dongnancha Formation in the Huadian area,central Jilin Province,Northeast (NE) China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the eastern segment of the Paleo-Asian Ocean     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(1):94-112

To constrain the tectonic evolution of the eastern segment of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, we conducted zircon U–Pb-Hf dating and whole-rock geochemical analyses for metasedimentary rocks from the Dongnancha Formation in the Huadian area in central Jilin Province, Northeastern (NE) China. Most detrital zircons from the metasedimentary rocks display clear oscillatory zoning and striped absorption in cathodoluminescence (CL) images and have Th/U ratios of 0.1–1.8, thus indicating a magmatic origin. U–Pb isotopic dating using LA-ICP-MS method for zircon samples from the metasedimentary rocks reveals that the depositional age can be constrained to the period between 250 and 222 Ma. Geochemical data reveal low to intermediate degrees of weathering of the source material and compositionally low to intermediate maturity. Detailed analyses of detrital zircon U–Pb-Hf geochronology and geochemistry show that these metasedimentary rocks are derived from a bidirectional provenance. The predominant derivation is from Permian–Early Triassic felsic-intermediate igneous rocks of central Jilin Province and adjacent regions in the northern margin of the North China Craton, although felsic-intermediate igneous rocks and continental material in the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt from the Cambrian–Carboniferous represent additional sources and minor amounts of Paleoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic material have been input from the North China Craton. A number of geochemical indicators and tectonic discrimination diagrams collectively indicate a continental island arc-active continental margin setting for the deposition of the protoliths of the metasedimentary rocks. The results of geochemical and geochronological analyses of the provenance and tectonic setting of the metasedimentary rocks indicate that the Dongnancha Formation was likely deposited in an intermountain basin in a post-orogenic fast uplift setting, suggesting that the final closure of the eastern segment of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in the Huadian area of central Jinlin Province likely occurred between the Early Triassic and Middle Triassic.  相似文献   

赣东北银山多金属矿田成矿地质特征及矿床成因研究          下载免费PDF全文

匡文龙  王飞  余先川  李泽鹏  王桂安  张茜 《地质科学》2019,(1):244-264

赣东北地区成矿地质条件优越,形成有德兴、银山、乐华等大型矿田;其中,银山多金属矿田可分为两个成矿系列6个矿床。本文在实地考察和室内研究的基础上,从地层、岩性、构造、岩浆活动、矿体地质特征等分析入手,结合同位素测试、包裹体分析等手段,对银山多金属矿田的成矿地质特征及矿床成因进行了探讨,认为区内成矿物质主要来源于岩浆分异及热液作用,古老地层提供了部分成矿物质;成矿作用具有多期、多次、多成因特征,是典型的多位一体矿田。  相似文献   

新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘石炭系姜巴斯套组烃源岩评价     

吴洪豪  舍建忠  贾健  姚宗全 《新疆地质》2019,(3):323-328

准噶尔盆地东北缘石炭系烃源岩主要分布在准东和腹部地区,根据野外地表调查,针对准噶尔东北缘石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度、类型、成熟度特征进行了综合研究和评价,研究区烃源岩主要为灰黑色碳质粉砂质泥岩、泥岩。结果表明:该区石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度总体上属差-中等烃源岩。姜巴斯套组下段烃源岩有机质类型主要为Ⅰ型;中段烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅱ1、Ⅲ为主;上段有机碳含量较低,据相关变化趋势推测其有机碳类型为以Ⅲ型为主。因此总体上有机质类型为Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型。有机质成熟度总体上属成熟-高熟,主要为高熟。综上所述,准噶尔东北缘的石炭系是一套较有效的烃源岩,在该区寻找油气具重要意义。  相似文献   

Neoproterozoic tectonic geography of the south-east Congo Craton in Zambia as deduced from the age and composition of detrital zircons     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(6):2045-2061

The Southern Irumide Belt(SIB) is an orogenic belt consisting of a number of lithologically varied Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic terranes that were thrust upon each other.The belt lies along the southwest margin of the Archaean to Proterozoic Congo Craton,and bears a Neoproterozoic tectonothermal overprint relating to the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian collision between the Congo and Kalahari cratons.It preserves a record of about 500 million years of plate interaction along this part of the Congo margin.Detrital zircon samples from the SIB were analysed for U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes,as well as trace element compositions.These data are used to constrain sediment-source relationships between SIB terranes and other Gondwanan terranes such as the local Congo Craton and Irumide belt and wider afield to Madagascar(Azania) and India.These correlations are then used to interpret the Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic affinity of the rocks and evolution of the region.Detrital zircon samples from the Chewore-Rufunsa and Kacholola(previously referred to as Luangwa-Nyimba) terranes of the SIB yield zircon U-Pb age populations and evolved ε_(Hf)(t) values that are similar to the Muva Supergroup found throughout eastern Zambia,primarily correlating with Ubendian-Usagaran(ca.2.05-1.80 Ga) phase magmatism and a cryptic basement terrane that has been suggested to underlie the Bangweulu Block and Irumide Belt.These data suggest that the SIB was depositionally connected to the Congo Craton throughout the Mesoproterozoic.The more eastern Nyimba-Sinda terrane of the SIB(previously referred to as Petauke-Sinda terrane) records detrital zircon ages and ε_(Hf)(t) values that correlate with ca.1.1-1.0 Ga magmatism exposed elsewhere in the SIB and Irumide Belt.We ascribe this difference in age populations to the polyphase development of the province,where the sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Nyimba-Sinda terrane accumulated in extensional basins that developed in the Neoproterozoic.Such deposition would have occurred following late-Mesoproterozoic magmatism that is widespread throughout both the Irumide and Southern Irumide Belts,presently considered to have occurred in response to collision between a possible microcontinental mass and the Irumide Belt.This interpretation implies a multi-staged evolution of the ocean south of the Congo Craton during the mid-Mesoproterozoic to late-Neoproterozoic,which ultimately closed during collision between the Congo and Kalahari cratons.  相似文献   

Controls on loss-on-ignition variation in cores from two shallow lakes in the northeastern United States     

Bryan Shuman 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,30(4):371-385

Loss-on-ignition analysis of Quaternary lake sediments provides an inexpensive and easy way to investigate past environmental changes. The mass loss on ignition at 550 °C (LOI) from lake sediment cores may vary because of temporal changes in: (1) sediment composition controlled by factors such as productivity, inorganic inputs, and decomposition; and (2) the patterns of sediment accumulation controlled by factors such as basin morphology and water level. Climatic changes can alter both. Here, modern surface samples and transects of sediment cores, collected across small (<10 ha), shallow (<4 m) lakes in the northeastern United States, show that LOI varies little (2–5%) across the deep portions of these small lakes at a given time. Large changes in LOI occur only at the transition into the littoral (shallow) zone. LOI variations in sediment cores that exceed 2–5%, therefore, appear to represent meaningful environmental changes. However, because of the many possible controls, changes in the LOI of a single core are often hard to interpret. Multiple cores increase the interpretability. At lakes studied here, similar LOI trends among several cores confirm that some LOI changes resulted from basin-wide shifts in sediment composition. Differences among cores, however, developed during the early- and mid-Holocene and indicate that the edge of the littoral zone moved towards the centers of the lakes during two periods of low lake levels, at ca. 11 000–8000 and ca. 5400–3000 cal yr B.P. The basin-wide balance of sediment sources controlled the LOI from deep-water sediments, but sedimentation patterns, which changed as lake levels changed, were also important. LOI differences among cores may therefore help identify past lake-level changes in other lakes.  相似文献