北部湾盆地北部坳陷构造——沉积特征及其演化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张佰涛  唐金炎  王文军  尹春蕾 《海洋地质译丛》2014,(2):7-12

在二维和三维地震资料解释基础上,对北部湾盆地北部坳陷地层分布及断裂系统进行了研究,建立了坳陷断裂分布格局及构造样式;结合地层和钻井资料分析了断裂活动期次和特征,揭示古近纪坳陷构造演化经历了三期幕式断陷活动：古新世,初期拉张裂陷阶段,形成狭小的半地堑;始新世早中期,第二期强烈拉张裂陷阶段,形成统一的湖盆,发育两个沉积中心;渐新世,断坳转换期,涠西南低凸起和3号断裂强烈活动,沉积中心迁移至海中凹陷.这为进一步油气勘探工作提供了有价值的参考.  相似文献   

南黄海盆地北部坳陷海底沉积物酸解烃类气体地球化学异常与深部油气属性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李双林  冉涛  董贺平  王建强  赵青芳 《海洋地质前沿》2014,30(7):34-40

南黄海盆地北部坳陷海底沉积物酸解烃甲烷和酸解烃乙烷异常分布显示相同的特征,在西部存在1个高异常区,东部存在1个低异常区。酸解烃类气体的C1/(C2+C3)—δ13C1相关图显示酸解烃类气体属于热成因类型。烃类气体的C1—C2交会图和C1/(C2+C3)—C2/(C3+C4)交会图指示异常区的深部油气属性属于"油气并存"区和"干气"区,其中西部异常区以"油气并存"为主,东部异常区以"干气"为主。  相似文献   

辽宁北部典型流域水生态功能区水生态安全评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

魏冉  ;李法云  ;谯兴国  ;王金龙  ;吕纯剑 《气象与环境学报》2014,30(3):106-112

基于流域水生态功能分区的水生态安全评价是指导流域水生态“分类、分区”综合管理的前提,本文在流域中小尺度上依据水生态空间格局分异的自然特征和社会属性,以辽河流域的清河和凡河支流为对象,在流域水生态功能三级分区的基础上,运用“压力-状态-响应模型”（PSR）,通过对流域社会经济压力指标、环境压力指标、城市发展指标、资源环境发展指标、投资指标、治理指标等因素分析,筛选出13个评价指标。利用生态安全综合指数法,将流域水生态安全划分为极不安全、不安全、基本安全、安全、非常安全五个级别。其中,清河流域Ⅳ-5-9、Ⅳ-5-10、Ⅳ-5-11、Ⅳ-5-12、Ⅳ-5-14区处于基本安全,Ⅳ-5-8、Ⅳ-5-13属于不安全;凡河流域4个水生态功能三级区中,Ⅳ-5-1、Ⅳ-5-2、Ⅳ-5-3区属于基本安全、Ⅳ-5-4区为较安全。基于水生态功能分区的水生态安全评价和级别划分可为辽河流域水生态保护与流域生态管理提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Rare earth elements in cold seep carbonates from the southwestern Dongsha area,northern South China Sea     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

The circulation of methane-rich fluids at cold seeps often leads to the precipitation of seep carbonates close to the seafloor along continental margins, which can be used as records of past fluid seepage. Rare earth element (REE) concentrations in seep carbonates have been used to trace fluid sources and provide information on associated biogeochemical processes at cold seeps. The REE concentrations of a series of carbonates collected from cold seeps in the southwestern Dongsha area of the northern South China Sea are analyzed in this study. The total REE contents (ΣREE) of the seep carbonates analyzed show a wide variation from 17 ppm to 523 ppm with an average ΣREE value of 54 ppm, which are higher than the typical marine carbonate values of ∼28 ppm commonly reported and also higher than those of the carbonates from other cold seep areas. A positive correlation between Fe–Mn content and ΣREE was observed. These results suggest that the seep carbonates of this study were primarily controlled by the methane-derived fluid from which they precipitated. The Fe-rich dolomite and siderite, which are the main components of the carbonates, are responsible for the enrichment of the REE. A slight positive Ce anomaly observed in the shale-normalized REE patterns of the studied seep carbonates suggests that they formed in anoxic conditions, and the correlations between Ce/Ce* and La_N/Sm_N, Ce/Ce* and Dy_N/Sm_N, Ce/Ce* and ΣREE further reveal that the REE characteristics of most seep carbonate samples preserve the original redox conditions in which they precipitated and late diagenesis has had little effect on the REE. However, the REE characteristics of sub-samples DS2-2B, DS1-6A and DS1-7A are very different from those of the other sub-samples, indicating a greater impact of late diagenesis and post-oxidation favored REE enrichment.  相似文献   

Depositional characteristics and accumulation model of gas hydrates in northern South China Sea     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2014

The South China Sea (SCS) shows favorable conditions for gas hydrate accumulation and exploration prospects. Bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) are widely distributed in the SCS. Using seismic and sequence stratigraphy, the spatial distribution of BSRs has been determined in three sequences deposited since the Late Miocene. The features of gas hydrate accumulations in northern SCS were systematically analyzed by an integrated analysis of gas source conditions, migration pathways, heat flow values, occurrence characteristics, and depositional conditions (including depositional facies, rates of deposition, sand content, and lithological features) as well as some depositional bodies (structural slopes, slump blocks, and sediment waves). This research shows that particular geological controls are important for the presence of BSRs in the SCS, not so much the basic thermodynamic controls such as temperature, pressure and a gas source. Based on this, a typical depositional accumulation model has been established. This model summarizes the distribution of each depositional system in the continental shelf, continental slope, and continental rise, and also shows the typical elements of gas hydrate accumulations. BSRs appear to commonly occur more in slope-break zones, deep-water gravity flows, and contourites. The gas hydrate-bearing sediments in the Shenhu drilling area mostly contain silt or clay, with a silt content of about 70%. In the continental shelf, BSRs are laterally continuous, and the key to gas hydrate formation and accumulation lies in gas transportation and migration conditions. In the continental slope, a majority of the BSRs are associated with zones of steep and rough relief with long-term alternation of uplift and subsidence. Rapid sediment unloading can provide a favorable sedimentary reservoir for gas hydrates. In the continental rise, BSRs occur in the sediments of submarine fans, turbidity currents.  相似文献   

我国北方地区冬小麦干旱灾害风险评估   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张存杰  王胜  宋艳玲  蔡雯悦 《干旱气象》2014,32(6):883-893

选取我国粮食重要生产区——北方冬麦区作为研究区,基于干旱灾害对作物产量的影响开展冬小麦干旱灾害风险评估和区划。在确定干旱灾害危险性指标过程中,通过对比分析MCI、CWDIa、CI、Pa及Ma干旱指数的适应性,确定了干旱灾害风险危险性指数;在分析北方冬麦区干旱背景和脆弱性时,考虑了冬麦区的地形、土壤类型、土壤有效持水量、河网水系、灌溉条件、降水量及干燥度等环境因素,以及冬小麦的耕地面积、播种面积、主要生育期的水分敏感系数、历史产量等。与以往致灾因子危险性分析方法不同,本文首先建立了干旱指标与冬小麦减产率之间的关系,通过减产率等级来确定干旱致灾临界阈值,在此基础上计算分析了冬小麦全生育期和6个关键生育期不同等级干旱发生的频率。综合考虑干旱发生的危险性、不同地区干旱背景和脆弱性,建立了我国北方冬麦区全生育期和6个关键生育期的干旱灾害风险评估模型和区划方法,实现了我国北方冬麦区干旱灾害的风险评估和区划。结果表明,MCI更能反映北方冬麦区干旱的特征,故以MCI指数作为干旱灾害风险危险性指数;我国北方冬麦区中北部的干旱灾害风险较高,应该加强防旱抗旱能力建设,南部地区包括苏皖和河南东南部的干旱灾害风险较小。本文建立的北方冬麦区不同生育期干旱灾害风险评估模型可应用于干旱灾害风险动态评估实时业务中。  相似文献   

Development of the Western Boundary Undercurrent at Eirik Drift related to changing climate since the early Miocene     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

Eirik Drift lies on the slope south of Greenland, where it has been formed under the influence of the Western Boundary Undercurrent (WBUC) closely downstream of its origin in the deep-water formation centres of the Nordic Seas. Therefore, the sediment record at Eirik Drift documents modifications in pathways and intensity of the WBUC. These modifications reflect alterations in deep-water formation in the Nordic Seas and are therefore coupled with climate changes. Based on the seismostratigraphic analysis of sedimentary architecture identified in a set of high-resolution seismic reflection data, we have reconstructed the palaeocirculation of the WBUC at Eirik Drift since the early Miocene. We revealed a strong WBUC during warm climate conditions, and in phases of climate cooling with enhanced sea-ice extent we interpreted weak WBUC influence. We suggest a southward shift of the deep-water formation regions along with a shift of the deep current system during the cool phases. This shift implies that the main North Atlantic Deep Water route affected Eirik Drift only during warm phases and that during cool phases weak branches of the circulation system flowed over Eirik Drift.  相似文献   

Analysis of kinematic parameters of Internal Solitary Waves in the Northern South China Sea     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

The monthly climatology of observed temperature and salinity from the U.S. Navy Generalized Digital Environment Model (GDEM-Version 3.0) is used to derive the geographical and seasonal distribution of kinematic parameters of nonlinear internal waves in the Northern South China Sea (NSCS). Coefficients of the Generalized Extended Korteweg-de Vries Equation (GEKdV) with a background current are investigated (phase speed, dispersion, quadratic and cubic nonlinearity parameters, normalizing factor). These parameters are used to evaluate the possible polarities, shapes of internal solitary waves, their limiting amplitudes and propagation speed. We show that the long wave phase speed and dispersion parameters mainly depend on topography characteristics and have no obvious seasonal variation. The nonlinear parameters and normalizing factor are sensitive to variations in the density stratification and topography. Background current also exerts the distinct effects on the kinematic parameters; especially the nonlinear parameter can change by an order of magnitude. The nonlinear parameters take on larger values in the summer (July), and linear internal waves are prone to become steeper and develop into large-amplitude internal solitary waves under such circumstances. This explains why nonlinear internal solitary waves occur more frequently in summer. From the kinematic viewpoint, the dispersion parameter takes on larger values in the Pacific Ocean (PO) due to deeper water depth when compared with that in the NSCS. The stronger dispersion effect in the PO hinders the formation of large amplitude internal solitary waves, explaining why nonlinear internal solitary waves are rarely found to the east of the Luzon Strait. Large near-bottom velocities dominate the shallow area and tend to increase in the warm season. The largest values are induced by internal solitary waves, indicating that internal waves are the major drivers of sediment re-suspension and erosion processes.  相似文献   

南岳高山站风对赣北暴雨的指示作用     

尹洁  毛亮  张剑明  徐星生 《湖北气象》2014,(4):363-371

利用2005—2013年4—6月南岳站逐时风场观测资料、常规探空资料、自动站雨量资料及NCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料（2.5°×2.5°）,分析南岳站气象要素对对流层低层环流场的代表性以及该站风演变对汛期赣北暴雨的指示作用。主要结果是：（1）南岳站逐日风与NCEP资料850 h Pa风场相关系数最大中心（0.72~0.78）位于南岳山附近,该站风对当地850 h Pa风具有较好的代表性;该站风与NCEP资料850 h Pa风场的平均相关系数（0.75）较之其与925 h Pa风场的平均相关系数（0.68）高,证明该站风与当地850 h Pa风场特征更接近。（2）探空站与南岳站距离越近（远）,其各种气象要素的相关性越好（差）,进一步证实南岳站气象要素对当地850 h Pa相应要素具有较好的代表性。（3）汛期,当满足＂南岳山西南风＋切变指标＂时,未来24 h赣北出现局部或区域暴雨的概率达89.8%;当满足＂南岳山西南风＋切变指标＂时,且当日20时至次日08时南岳站由非西南风转为西南风或由弱西南风转为较强西南风后,可预报未来4~18 h（平均10 h）赣北开始产生暴雨;赣北出现暴雨后,当南岳站由持续西南风转为偏北风后1~3 h强降水区开始逐步南压东移,6~17 h（平均10.5 h）后强降水区南压或东移出赣北。  相似文献   

月内尺度北半球环状模水平和垂直活动特征分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李晓峰  李建平 《气象学报》2011,69(6):1046-1061

采用李建平等定义的更好表征北半球环状模变化的指数,利用NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,从对流层的角度分析了北半球环状模在月内时间尺度上的相关环流的垂直和水平传播特征.结果表明,在水平方向上,温度异常在对流层,尤其是近地层,表现为由极区和高纬度地区向中低纬度地区强的南传特征,而在平流层则为由中低纬度地区向高纬度地区弱的...  相似文献