帕米尔隆升过程中地壳的一种重要缩短机制--以齐姆根构造转换域为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李向东  王克卓 《新疆地质》2003,21(1):9-15

区域构造显示,在帕米尔－西昆仑前陆地带大致以齐姆根为中心的范围内,山前构造变形呈现分阶段发育的特征,前陆冲断带和前陆沉降带横向不能连接,形成喀什和叶城－和田两个沉降坳陷中心。这是由于造山带前陆的逆冲断裂带向盆地大规模逆掩和推覆过程中大幅度构造叠覆而形成,长距离构造拆离使许多地质记录被掩盖和破坏,给地质构造发展史重建造成很大困难,齐姆根由于地处连接帕米尔、西昆仑2个前缘逆冲断裂系及其前陆沉降带的应力转换和调整部位,构造以斜向走滑为主、逆冲推覆程度相对较弱,因而得以保留许多塔里木西南构造演化过程中形成的地质信息,该区域是正确认识东帕米尔地区构造演化的关键点之一,因此笔者引入“域”的概念,将其命名为“齐姆根构造转换域”,其原型背景是目前帕米尔－西昆仑前缘唯一保存较为完整的沉积盆地,规模不大却显示了较为典型的前陆盆地沉积构造样式,结合区域事件同位素年龄证据,基本可以确定塔西南前陆盆地发育下限不晚于侏罗纪早期,178.4-113.3Ma为初期活动的主要时期。侏罗纪发育有限规模前陆盆地,是在塔里木西南前陆盆地发育的初期阶段,同时盆地的展布受到古近纪以来帕米尔构造结“突刺”状楔入的强烈影响,使侏罗纪原始盆地走向发生偏转。研究表明,该构造转换域与康西瓦断裂一起构成一系列构造应力转换系统,自三叠纪古特提斯闭合以来一直承接着印度板块向北挤压和帕米尔隆升过程产生的巨大地壳缩短量。  相似文献   

Age and petrogenesis of plagiogranite intrusions in the Ankara mélange, central Turkey     

Yildirim  Dilek  Peter  Thy 《Island Arc》2006,15(1):44-57

Abstract   The Ankara mélange within the Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan suture zone in north-central Turkey includes ophiolitic fragments that represent the remnants of an oceanic basement evolved between the Sakarya and Kirsehir continental blocks in the early Mesozoic. The serpentinized upper mantle peridotites and lower crustal rocks in these ophiolites are cross-cut by dolerite and plagiogranite dykes, which show mutually intrusive relations indicating their synchronous emplacement into the pre-existing oceanic lithosphere. Zircon dating (U–Pb) of a plagiogranite dyke has revealed a concordia age of ∼179 ± 15 Ma that is interpreted here as the crystallization age of this differentiated rock. A fourth fraction of the zircon separates from this rock has also shown an inherited component greater than 1.7 Ga, possibly derived from the Precambrian core of the Rhodope–Strandja Metamorphic Massif in the Balkan Peninsula. Models for plagiogranite formation were tested and it is concluded that a high extent (<70%) of anhydrous or water-undersaturated, early amphibole-free fractionation of a basaltic melt source may have readily produced the observed REE concentrations for the Ankara mélange plagiogranites. The trace element abundances and other geochemical features of the coeval dolerite dykes are similar to those of the plagiogranites, suggesting a common melt source. The Ta–Nb patterns shown by both the plagiogranite and dolerite dykes are typical of arc-related petrogenesis and can be explained by the addition of slab-derived components to a depleted mantle wedge. The Early Jurassic ophiolitic basement and the dyke intrusions were formed in a back-arc setting between the Paleo- and Neo-Tethyan domains in the eastern Mediterranean region. The Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan Sea developed in this back-arc environment and the related suture zone had a diachronous evolutionary history.  相似文献   

云南思茅三叠纪弧后前陆盆地的沉积特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谭富文 《沉积学报》2002,20(4):560-567

思茅盆地位于古特提斯构造域的东段,西侧为澜沧江造山带,东侧为哀牢山造山带.三叠纪沉积盆地建立在晚古生代褶皱基底之上,形成于古特提斯洋闭合后,造山早期的弧陆碰撞阶段.前人提出过后陆盆地、滞后型弧后盆地、裂谷盆地和前陆盆地等多种认识.本文通过对盆地形成的地球动力学背景及盆地内沉积体的性质、结构、时空叠置关系、古流向、特殊沉积体的时空展布及其所表现出的盆地沉降中心的迁移规律等方面的系统研究,认为思茅三叠纪盆地属弧后前陆盆地,其演化阶段始于中三叠统安尼期以前,盆地主要受控于澜沧江造山带,晚三叠世晚期受哀牢山造山带影响,具有复合式前陆盆地特点,三叠纪末过渡为陆内拗陷盆地。  相似文献   

青藏高原构造演化及隆升的简要评述   总被引：73，自引：6，他引：67  

肖序常 《地质论评》1998,44(4):372-381

根据近年古生物区系、岩相古地理、地质构造以及古地磁等的研究,特别是晚古生代－白垩纪古生物区系、分异度指数特征以及古地磁数据等,笔者认为,从晚古生代－白垩纪印度板块和青藏高原之间不存在至今还流传引用的浩瀚深邃宽达６０００－７０００ｋｍ、  相似文献   

秦岭造山带南缘早古生代基性火山岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义   总被引：20，自引：4，他引：16  

董云鹏  周鼎武 《地球化学》1998,27(5):432-441

秦岭造山带南缘早古生代基性火山岩元素地球化学特征,显示其形成于大陆板块内部构造环境,岩石稀土总量高,稀土分布模式为轻稀土强烈富集型,微量元素分布模式类似于大陆溢流玄武岩,综合主元素,微量元素地球化学研究认为,南秦岭造山带南部边缘的早古生代基性火山岩为板内伸展－初始裂谷环境的拉斑质大陆玄武岩,区域对比表明,南秦岭与扬子陆块之间的早古生代晚期是大陆板伸展裂陷环境,这种伸展扩张的动力学体制始于早古生代初  相似文献   

Late Permian to Late Triassic palaeomagnetic data from Iran: constraints on the migration of the Iranian block through the Tethyan Ocean and initial destruction of Pangaea   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

J. Besse  F. Torcq  Y. Gallet  L. E. Ricou  L. Krystyn  & A. Saidi 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,135(1):77-92

A palaeomagnetic study of Late Permian to early Jurassic rocks from the Alborz and Sanandaj–Sirjan zones in Iran and a compilation of selected palaeopoles from the Carboniferous to the present provide an updated history of the motion of the Iranian block within the Tethys Ocean. The Iran assemblage, part of Gondwana during the Palaeozoic, rifted away by the end of the Permian. We ascertain the southern-hemisphere palaeoposition of Iran at that time using magnetostratigraphy and show that it was situated close to Arabia, near to its relative position today. A northward transit of this block during the Triassic is shown, with an estimated expansion rate of the Neotethyan ridge of 100–140  km Myr⁻¹. The northward convergence with respect to Eurasia ended during the Ladinian (Middle Triassic), and is marked by a collision in the northern hemisphere with the Turan platform, which was the southern margin of the Eurasian continent at that time. No north–south component of shortening is evidenced north of Iran afterwards. An analysis of the declinations from the Late Permian to the present shows different, large rotations, emphasizing the important tectonic phases suffered since the Triassic. Finally, we propose palaeomagnetic reconstructions of the Tethys area during the Late Permian and the Late Triassic, showing that the Palaeotethys Ocean was narrower than previously thought, and did not widen its gate to the Panthalassa before the Triassic period.  相似文献   

中条山前寒武纪地壳演化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

白瑾  戴凤岩  颜耀阳 《地学前缘》1997,(Z2)

在中条山，古太古代—中太古代的涑水杂岩主要由ＴＴＧ岩套组成，另有一些表壳岩残体和基性岩墙群。以不整合覆于其上的新太古代绛县群由不成熟的浊积岩和双峰式火山岩组成，沉积于类似现代活动大陆边缘的构造环境，遭受了低绿片岩相至低角闪岩相的变质和强烈的变形。这些建造为原始大陆的组成部分。元古宙伊始，原始大陆破裂而形成原地台。在华北原地台的南缘，堆积了中条群等冒地斜建造，经受了早期从低绿片岩相到低角闪岩相的变质和以平卧褶皱为标志的强烈变形，指示收敛的古地热状态和陆壳的缩短，寓意华北原地台同扬子原地台曾经发生过焊接。中元古代开始，华北原地台南缘沿南北方向破裂，产生了以西阳河群大量安山岩喷发为标志的熊耳—汉高拗拉槽。距今１０００Ｍａ前，华北原地台逐渐同扬子原地台拼接，形成统一的大陆，接受中新元古代汝阳群、洛南群和震旦系等盖层沉积。  相似文献   

Paleoceanographic changes at the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary in the Western Tethys, northeastern Mexico     

Thierry Adatte  Wolfgang Stinnesbeck  Jürgen Remane  Hans Hubberten 《Cretaceous Research》1996,17(6):671-689

Mexico is usually considered to have formed the western end of the Tethys during Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous times. The circumstances of the opening of the Gulf of Mexico Basin towards the Tethys and the exact stratigraphic timing, however, are not clear. Four sections covering this time interval, located in northeastern Mexico, have been measured and sampled in detail, in order to clarify their stratigraphic position during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous time interval and the paleogeographic and oceanographic changes that accompanied this opening. Our studies include microfacies, micro- and macropaleontology, whole rock and clay-mineral x-ray diffraction and stable isotopes analyses. Our data indicate that the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, as defined by the Lyon-Neuchâtel Colloquium of 1973, cannot be determined precisely in northeastern Mexico due to the near-absence of calpionellids and endemism of ammonite taxa. In the lower and upper Berriasian sediments, we detected Mediterranean ammonite taxa so far unknown from Mexico, corresponding to the appearance of typical calpionellid-rich facies. These faunas allow direct biostratigraphic correlation with European ammonite and calpionellid zones.We propose that a major oceanographic change occurred in the upper part of calpionellid Zone B of the Early Berriasian. At this time, sediments in northeastern Mexico present increasingly pelagic facies, a dramatic appearance of Tethyan microfossils (calpionellids) and ammonites, changes in stable isotopic values, whole rock and clay-mineral mineralogy. We suggest that these changes are due to a global sea-level rise that connected directly northeastern Mexico to the European Tethys and ended the endemic, semi-restricted and anoxic environment of the Late Jurassic La Casita and equivalent La Caja and La Pimienta Formations.  相似文献   

东特提斯多弧一盆系统演化模式   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8       下载免费PDF全文

潘桂棠  陈智樑  李兴振  徐强  江新胜 《沉积与特提斯地质》1996,16(2):52-65

自７０年代以来，以板 构造观点分析特提斯演化已有三种模式，即“剪刀张”、“传送带”和“手风琴运动与开合”模式。所有这些模式都是以一个联合古陆的形成和特提斯是泛大洋中一个海湾的假设为前提，或以冈瓦纳大陆裂离、亚洲大陆增生为基点。随着对东特提斯地质构造演化的认识深化，特提斯演化、造山作用的解释由两陆一洋模式转变为三陆群二洋的特提斯多弧－盆系统洋陆转换演化模式，即多岛弧造山模式。  相似文献   

Ophiolites from the Mianlue Suture in the Southern Qinling and Their Relationship with the Eastern Paleotethys Evolution     

LAI Shaocong  ZHANG Guowei  LI SanzhongKey Laboratory of Continental Dynamics  Ministry of Education  Department of Geology  Northwest University  Xi''an  Shaanxi  College of Earth Science  Ocean University of Qingdao  Qingdao  Shandong 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1)

The Mianlue suture extends from Derni-Nanping-Pipasi-Kangxian to the Lueyang-Mianxian area, then traverses the Bashan arcuate structure eastward to the Huashan region, and finally to the Qingshuihe area of the southern Dabie Mountains. From east to west, with a length of over 1500 km, the ophiolitic melange associations are distributed discontinuously along the suture. The rock assemblages include ophiolite, island-arc and oceanic island rock series, indicating that there existed a suture zone and a vanished paleo-ocean basin. The Mianliie paleo-ocean basin experienced its main expansion and formation process during the Carboniferous-Permian and closed totally in the Triassic. It belongs to the northern branch of the eastern paleotethys, separated from the northern margin of the Yangtze block under the paleotethys mantle dynamic system.  相似文献