扬子地台西南缘古元古代末的裂解事件——来自武定地区辉绿岩锆石U Pb年龄和地球化学证据   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

郭阳  王生伟  孙晓明  王子正  杨斌  廖震文  周邦国  蒋小芳  侯林  杨波 《地质学报》2014,88(9):1651-1665

云南省武定地区广泛出露元古宙辉绿岩体,本文报道了武定地区海孜辉绿岩的地球化学特征及锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄,结果为1767±15Ma(MSWD=0.19,n=17),表明本区广泛出露的辉绿岩群侵位时代为古元古代晚期。辉绿岩岩石化学表现为低SiO2、MgO以及高TiO2(3.24%~4.02%)、碱(K2O+Na2O)和P2O5含量(0.32%~0.45%),具有偏碱性的拉斑质玄武岩的岩石化学特征。辉绿岩的大离子半径元素如K、Rb、Ba等富集,高场强元素如Ta、Nb和Zr、Hf没有明显的亏损,其地球化学参数也多与夏威夷碱性洋岛玄武岩相近。辉绿岩的微量、稀土元素的配分模式与典型的OIB和峨眉山高Ti玄武岩具有高度一致性。海孜辉绿岩原始岩浆形成于相对较富集的过渡型地幔的部分熔融,其源区为尖晶石橄榄岩相,演化过程中,有少量下地壳物质的加入。海孜辉绿岩与扬子地台西南缘广泛出露古元古代晚期的岩浆岩一致,形成于全球性Columbia超级大陆裂解的大地构造背景。海孜辉绿岩OIB的地球化学属性,为古元古代晚期全球性Columbia超级大陆裂解的地幔柱活动提供了最重要的地球化学证据。  相似文献   

Electrical-hydraulic conductivity model for a weathered-fractured aquifer system of Olbanita,Lower Baringo Basin,Kenya Rift     

SOSI Benjamin  BARONGO Justus  GETABU Albert  MAOBE Samson 《地下水科学与工程》2014,7(4):360-372

Groundwater yield in the Kenya Rift is highly unsustainable owing to geological variability. In this study, field hydraulic characterization was performed by using geo-electric approaches. The relations between electrical-hydraulic (eh) conductivities were modeled hypothetically and calibrated empirically. Correlations were based on the stoch-astic models and field-scale hydraulic parameters were contingent on pore-level parameters. By considering variation in pore-size distributions over eh conduction interval, the relations were scaled-up for use at aquifer-level. Material-level electrical conductivities were determined by using Vertical Electrical Survey and hydraulic conductivities by analyzing aquifer tests of eight boreholes in the Olbanita aquifer located in Kenya rift. VES datasets were inverted by using the computer code IP2Win. The main result is that ln T=0.537 (ln Fa)+3.695; the positive gradient indicating eh conduction through poresurface networks and a proxy of weathered and clayey materials. An inverse (1/F-K) correlation is observed. Hydraulic parameters determined using such approaches may possibly contri-bute significantly towards sustainable yield management and planning of groundwater resources.  相似文献   

Hydrothermal mineralization along submarine rift zones,Hawaii     

James R. Hein  Ann E. Gibbs  David A. Clague  Michael Torresan 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):177-203

This is the first article to describe mineralization of midplate submarine rift zones and hydrothermal manganese oxide mineralization of midplate volcanic edifices. Hydrothermal Mn oxides were recovered from submarine extensions of two Hawaiian rift zones, along Haleakala and Puna Ridges. These Mn oxides form two types of deposits, metallic stratiform layers in volcaniclastic rocks and cement for clastic rocks; both deposit types are composed of todorokite and bimessite. Thin Fe‐Mn crusts that coat some rocks formed by a combination of hydrogenetic and hydrothermal processes and are composed of δ‐MnO₂. The stratiform layers have high Mn contents (mean 40%) and a large fractionation between Mn and Fe (Fe/Mn = 0.04). Unlike most other hydrothermal Mn oxide deposits, those from Hawaiian rift zones are enriched in the trace metals Zn, Co, Ba, Mo, Sr, V, and especially Ni (mean 0.16%). Metals are derived from three sources: mafic and ultramafic rocks leached by circulating hydrothermal fluids, clastic material (in Mn‐cemented sandstone), and seawater that mixed with the hydrothermal fluids. Mineralization on Haleakala Ridge occurred sometime during the past 200 to 400 ka, when the summit was at a water depth of more than 1,000 m. Hydrothermal circulation was probably driven by heat produced by intrusion of dikces, magma reservoirs, and flow of magma through axial and lateral conduits. The supply of seawater to ridge interiors must be extensive because of their high porosity and permeability. Precipitation of Mn oxide below the seafloor is indicated by its occurrence as cement, growth textures that show mineralizing fluids were introduced from below, and pervasive replacement of original matrix of clastic rocks.  相似文献   

第四纪洞庭盆地构造性质及动力机制探讨   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

柏道远  李长安  王先辉  马铁球  周柯军  彭云益  李纲  陈渡平 《大地构造与成矿学》2010,34(3)

通过地表观察和第四系钻孔对第四纪洞庭盆地及周缘隆起区的地貌、沉积和断裂构造等进行调查研究,进而厘定洞庭盆地构造活动特征暨构造性质,并探讨其动力机制。研究表明,早更新世-中更新世中期洞庭盆地具断陷性质,具体表现在:①在边界正断裂控制下盆地及其次级凹陷强烈沉降并充填厚度较大的河、湖相沉积;②临澧次级凹陷发育典型封闭性断陷湖盆沉积;③NNE向、NW向、EW向、SN向等多组方向控盆断裂的发育指示区域伸展构造体制。中更新世晚期以来洞庭盆地具坳陷性质,主要表现在:①中更新世晚期洞庭盆地与周缘隆起区发生较大幅度的构造抬升并遭受剥蚀,同时产生构造掀斜与褶皱变形;②晚更新世-全新世洞庭盆地坳陷沉降并接受沉积。分析提出洞庭盆地第四纪构造活动机制:早更新世-中更新世中期盆地的断陷沉降与地幔上隆背景下的深部物质迁出有关;中更新世晚期盆地构造抬升、掀斜和褶皱变形与深部迁出物质的回返以及板块尺度的物质运动和挤压作用有关;晚更新世和全新世盆地坳陷沉降与区域挤压应力下的坳陷或拱坳变形有关,可能同时伴有NE向的深部物质流动与拉张;不同级次和不同规模范围的深部物质迁移运动,造成了第四纪洞庭盆地与其内部次级构造单元之间的叠加关系。  相似文献   

云南易门狮子山铜矿基性侵入岩地球化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨勇  韩润生  王雷  李波  胡一多 《矿物岩石》2010,30(1)

针对云南易门狮子山铜矿区基性侵入岩体(以矿区1237m中段层状辉长岩为例)的岩石学和地球化学特征分析,结果表明:SiO2,Na2O和K2O的平均质量分数分别为47.06%,3.91%,2.17%,σ(里特曼指数)平均为9.9;微量元素表现为大离子亲石元素K,Rb,Th明显富集,Sr,Ta,Nb,Yb,Cr,Y等元素亏损,显示了大陆裂谷玄武岩的特征;稀土元素总量为178.60×10-6～404.50×10-6,Eu负异常不明显(0.73～0.97),轻稀土元素富集(LREE/HREE=7.05～16.59,(La/Yb)N=6.56～36.94);研究还认为狮子山基性侵入岩是在大陆初始裂谷背景下形成的,属于深源玄武质岩浆演化形成,可能有壳源物质的混入。  相似文献   

江苏茅山推覆构造带的分析与研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

黄润生  曹建忠 《江苏地质》2010,34(1):6-9

溧水地区与宜(兴)—溧(阳)地区的地层区划,跨扬子与江南两个地层区,两者以江南深断裂为界。宜溧地区中、新生代地层的分布特征,中生代火山杂岩系的分布特征,都充分反映了江南深断裂对地层、构造、火山岩浆岩活动的控制作用。茅山楔状冲断体构造的研究采用了历年来溧水地区与宜(兴)—溧(阳)地区的有关成果地质资料,展开了茅山推覆构造带的分析与研究,发现了茅山楔状冲断体构造是经燕山晚期两次推覆构造造山运动(茅山运动)而造就的后展式(上叠式)推覆构造。为观其整体,同时对推覆构造带的前缘挤压带、后缘拉张带、根部隆起带作了简述。茅山推覆构造造山运动期,充分表现了新华夏系构造的特点。先是造成了晚白垩系浦口组(K2p)与下伏地层早白垩系葛村组(K1g)及以前各地层的区域性不整合(浦口运动),后来又造成了新生代下第三系泰州组(E1t)与下伏地层晚白垩系赤山组(K2c)及以前各地层的区域性不整合(泰州运动),可见其影响范围很广,又以江南深断裂为背景,其构造意义必然深远。  相似文献   

裂谷盆地深层石油地质特征与油气成藏条件          下载免费PDF全文

于开财  李胜利  于兴河  郑秀娟 《地学前缘》2010,17(5):289

裂谷盆地是指沉积盆地在地质历史演变的某个阶段经历了裂谷时期的盆地。裂谷盆地深层在中国一般是指裂谷盆地中含油气层段埋深>3 500 m的地层,国外则指埋深>4 000 m的地层。中国东部具深层油气田的裂谷盆地主要是中、新生代盆地;全球裂谷盆地深层的大油气藏主要分布于白垩系,其次是上古生界;深层油气藏的储层形式多样,有孔隙型、裂缝型、溶洞-裂缝型及孔隙-裂缝型等;深层油气田的油气运移方向以垂向为主,圈闭则大多以岩性或与断裂有关的构造岩性圈闭为主。其次,盐岩体的活动对圈闭的形成亦十分重要,其类型则以复合型为主。  相似文献   

北山蛇绿岩特征及构造属性   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

杨合群  李英  赵国斌  李文渊  王小红  姜寒冰  谭文娟  孙南一 《西北地质》2010,43(1):26-36

概述了北山地区4条蛇绿岩带的岩石类型组合及岩石地球化学特征,并结合区域地质情况分析认为:红柳河-牛圈子-洗肠井蛇绿岩带形成于早古生代洋盆环境,特征最接近现代洋壳蛇绿岩,在该带北侧保存有标志活动陆缘的公婆泉-东七一山岛弧火山岩带,南侧保存有标志南北两个板块开裂前伸展拉张的浅海—次深海形成的寒武纪含磷钒铀锰沉积岩系地层,说明该蛇绿岩带指示南北两个板块间裂解与聚合的位置。芨芨台子-小黄山蛇绿岩带分布于公婆泉-东七一山岛弧与星星峡-旱山地块之间,形成于早古生代弧后盆地环境。红石山-百合山-蓬勃山蛇绿岩带和辉铜山-帐房山蛇绿岩带形成于晚古生代裂谷拉张最大化至初始小洋盆出现的阶段,即类似于"红海型"海槽的环境。  相似文献   

Structural architecture of the northern composite terrane, the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt, India: Implications for Gondwana tectonics     

T.R.K. Chetty   《Gondwana Research》2010,18(4):565-582

New data from structural mapping and tectonic evaluation in the northern parts of the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt (EGMB-north) involving the interpretation of satellite images, field traverses, critical outcrop mapping and kinematic studies of macro- as well as microstructures of the shear zone rocks together with the geometry and disposition of Gondwana basins led to, for the first time, the elucidation of post-Grenvillian structural architecture of the terrane. This helps in assessing the sequence of successive tectonothermal events that were responsible for the origin and progressive evolution of the Permo-Carboniferous coal bearing sediments along the Mahanadi rift that forms significant in the reconstruction models of east Gondwana.The composite terrane of high-grade metamorphic rocks (EGMB-north), strikes E–W in contrast to the regional NE–SW trend of the EGMB. The structural architecture obtained from this study is controlled by the boundary shear zones and associated link shear zones. The dextral kinematic displacements along the Northern Boundary Shear Zone (NBSZ) as well as the Mahanadi Shear Zone (MSZ) and Koraput–Sonapur–Rairakhol Shear Zone (KSRSZ) were derived from multi-scale field based structural observations. A N–S structural cross-section presents a crustal-scale ‘flower structure’ across the composite terrane exposing different domains displaying distinctive internal structures with widely varying different geological evolution history and strain partitioning, separated by crustal-scale shear zones. Deep seismic imaging and gravity signatures support ‘flower structure’ model. The pervasive first formed gneissic fabrics were continuously reworked and partitioned into a series of E–W, crustal-scale shear zones.The Neoproterozoic regional dextral transpressional tectonics along the shear zones and their repeated reactivation could be responsible for initiation and successive evolution of Gondwana basins and different episodes of sedimentation. Available geochronological data shows that the structural architecture presented here is post-Grenvillian, which has been repeatedly reactivated through long-lived transpressional tectonics. The composite terrane is characterized by all the typical features of an oblique convergent orogen with transpressional kinematics in the middle to lower crust. The kinematic changes from transpression to transtensional stresses were found to be associated with global geodynamics related to the transformation from Rodinia to Gondwana configuration.  相似文献   

伊通盆地莫里青断陷地温地压系统与油气成藏关系   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曹强  叶加仁 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2007,27(3):99-104

基于地温和地压实测数据及声波测井资料等,利用地温-地压系统的原理,对伊通盆地莫里青断陷的地温场、压力场及温压系统特征进行了剖析,并从油气生成、保存及分布角度探讨了温压系统与油气成藏的关系。研究表明,断陷内各区带地温梯度较高,有利于有机质的成熟与烃类生成;泥岩欠压实段主要出现在双阳组,强化了油气的封闭作用;斜坡带泥岩不发育异常压力,以毛细管压力封闭为主;莫里青断陷发育弱高压型复式温压系统,上下2套温压系统流体能量相差较小,油气垂向运聚活动很少,深部弱高压型温压系统内部最有利于油气富集成藏,双阳组含油气系统是最重要的勘探对象。  相似文献