江西九江中更新世红土物质来源研究     

林旭  胡程伟  吴中海  赵希涛  陈济鑫  李玲玲 《地球学报》2023,44(3):511-521

华南地区广泛分布中更新世红土。目前, 对其物质来源尚有争议。九江红土剖面的沉积时代已得到很好限定, 同时由于其沉积连续、地层出露较好, 是开展中更新世红土物质来源研究的理想剖面。通过对九江中更新世红土2件碎屑锆石样品的分析, 共获得177颗谐和锆石U-Pb年龄, 主要峰值集中在新元古代(816 Ma、801 Ma和991 Ma)、古元古代(2019 Ma、2022 Ma和2481 Ma)和新太古代(2502 Ma), 并具有不显著的中生代峰值(135 Ma)。将其与潜在远源和近源物源区的锆石U-Pb年龄组成进行对比, 结果发现中国北方戈壁、沙漠和黄土高原、塔里木盆地、华北平原并不是九江中更新世红土的主要源区。庐山北麓早更新世发育的洪积扇为九江中更新世红土发育提供了充足物质。九江中更新世红土和九江晚更新世黄土的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄组成存在明显差别, 后者主要来自长江河漫滩的碎屑物质。不同的气候条件主导了九江地区红土和黄土的发育, 二者都受控于青藏高原构造隆升产生的环境变化。  相似文献   

On the present habitats and ecology of Vertigo pseudosubstriata Ložek, 1954 (Mollusca,Gastropoda, Vertiginidea) in Central Asia and its distribution history in Central and Eastern Europe     

Stefan Meng  Pavlo Vasyliev  Ivan Khoptynets  Vitalii Tkach  Andreas Maier 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(6):1090-1100

The small terrestrial gastropod Vertigo pseudosubstriata Ložek, 1954 is one of the rarest glacial indicator species in the Pleistocene of Central and Eastern Europe. In all, this species has been found at only about 15 sites in Europe. V. pseudosubstriata was initially described as a fossil in Central Europe and was discovered only later alive in Central Asia. With regard to its modern distribution, 25 habitats with V. pseudosubstriata have been examined in Tien Shan and in the central and southern Altai. These findings seem to capture the contemporary distribution of the species and provide information on the boundaries of its ecological requirements. These data are of great significance for the interpretation of the fossil assemblages. Since the few fossil specimens in Europe date from very different glacial periods in the Elsterian, Saalian Complex and Weichselian, it can be concluded that V. pseudosubstriata apparently immigrated in at least three distinct waves. Most of the Pleistocene specimens in eastern Central Europe and Eastern Europe are reported from archaeological sites of the Upper Middle Weichselian (Gravettian), roughly between 33 and 29 ka cal bp. In this paper, we review all reported modern and fossil occurrences and discuss the species' ecological range.  相似文献   

海南岛北部更新世道堂组的重新厘定     

龙文国  林义华石春周进波  吕嫦艳 《地质通报》2006,25(4):69-474

根据1:25万琼海县幅区域地质调查最新资料,对《海南省岩石地层》中的第四系道堂组进行了重新厘定,在原道堂组正层型剖面上原一段与二段之间识别出沉积不整合面、超覆不整合面,从而将原道堂组划分为2个不同的组级岩石地层单位.按照岩石地层单位的命名原则,超覆不整合面之下的原道堂组一段划归新建立的下中更新统多文组;原道堂组二段、三段、四段厘定为新定义的道堂组,分别定义为新道堂组的下段、中段和上段.新厘定的道堂组的地质时代为中晚更新世.  相似文献   

Late Pleistocene to Holocene record of changing uplift rates in southern Calabria and northeastern Sicily (southern Italy, Central Mediterranean Sea)   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Fabrizio Antonioli  Luigi Ferranti  Kurt Lambeck  Steve Kershaw  Vladimiro Verrubbi  Giuseppe Dai Pra 《Tectonophysics》2006,422(1-4):23-40

A combination of published and new radiometric dates on uplifted Holocene fossil beaches from northeastern Sicily and southern Calabria (southern Italy) is compared with the altitude of the inner margin of the Last Interglacial (LIg) (Late Pleistocene, 124 ka) and older marine terraces in order to gain a regional-scale outline of uplift rates and their temporal changes in a region which is one of the fastest uplifting sectors of the Central Mediterranean Sea. Late Holocene radiocarbon dates from Ioppolo (southern Calabria) and Ganzirri (northeast Sicily), two newly discovered sites are here presented for the first time. The Holocene uplift rates are highest at St. Alessio and Taormina in eastern Sicily (2.4 mm/y) and at Scilla in southwestern Calabria (2.1 mm/y), two sites located across the Messina Straits and which separate the island of Sicily from mainland Italy. Uplift rates decrease towards the south and north from this centre of uplift. Late Holocene uplift rates show an apparent increase of between 64 and 124% when compared with the longer-term uplift rates calculated from the LIg highstand terraces. Furthermore, we discovered that the locations of fastest Late Pleistocene and Late Holocene uplift rates spatially coincide. To what extent the Holocene increase in uplift rates results from incomplete elastic strain release along the major extensional faults which frame the seismotectonic of the area, or indicate a true change in regional tectonic processes, is not resolved. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity of uplift, with a well-defined centre that crosses the Messina Straits, and its persistence at different time-scales indicates a tight connection between wider regional processes and fault-related displacement in controlling crustal instability in this area.  相似文献   

晚更新世以来闽东南老红砂沉积粒度特征与古气候变化     

靳建辉  李志忠  陈秀玲  齐升吉  吴美榕  胡凡根  张辉  赵倩  林舒倩  祝淑雅 《山地学报》2012,(2):129-135

对闽东南深沪湾老红砂风沙沉积进行粒度测试,提取对环境变化敏感的粒级组分,结合年代学数据,初步划分了研究区晚更新世中晚期以来的气候变化阶段和气候驱动因素。研究发现,研究区经历了较冷干-暖湿-冷干-暖湿4个气候变化过程。气候变化主要受控于太阳辐射,表现出明显的23 ka长岁差周期、14.2 ka、11.8 ka半岁差周期,叠加约0.25 ka的双世纪周期,陆地-海洋-大气系统的内部因素对表现出来的百年周期可能产生放大或缩小影响。70.8—46.4 ka BP和21.3—11.6 ka BP两个阶段老红砂沉积速率较大,是老红砂风沙堆积的两个主要时期,两个阶段沉积速率分别达到30 mm/(100 a)、650 mm/(100 a)。  相似文献   

Abrasion-derived sediments under intensified winds at the latest Pleistocene leading edge of the advancing Sinai-Negev erg     

Yehouda Enzel  Rivka Amit  Onn Crouvi  Naomi Porat 《Quaternary Research》2010,74(1):121-482

Quaternary desert loess and sandstone-loessite relationships in the geological record raise questions regarding causes and mechanisms of silt formation and accretion. In the northern Sinai-Negev desert carbonate terrain, only sand abrasion in active erg could have produced the large quantities of quartzo-feldspathic silts constituting the late Quaternary northwestern Negev loess. In the continuum of source (medium to fine sand of dunes) to sink (silts in loess) the very fine sand is unaccounted for in the record. This weakens the sand abrasion model of silt formation as a global process. Here, we demonstrate that, as predicted by experiments, abrasion by advancing dunes generated large quantities of very fine sand (60-110 μm) deposited within the dune field and in close proximity downwind. This very fine sand was generated 13-11 ka, possibly synchronous with the Younger Dryas under gusty sand/dust storms in the southeastern Mediterranean and specifically in the northern Sinai-Negev erg. These very fine sands were washed down slope and filled small basins blocked by the advancing dunes; outside these sampling basins it is difficult to identify these sands as a distinct product. We conclude that ergs are mega-grinders of sand into very fine sand and silt under windy Quaternary and ancient aeolian desert environments.  相似文献   

The role of glacio-isostasy in the formation of post-glacial river terraces in relation to the MIS 2 ice limit: evidence from northern England     

D.R. Bridgland  R. Westaway  A.J. Howard  A.J. Long  M.J. White 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2010,121(2):113-127

In recent years it has been demonstrated that the formation of long-timescale river terrace sequences, which are generally found in areas beyond the extent of most if not all of the Middle and Late Pleistocene ice sheets, has invariably been a response to uplift during the Late Cenozoic and especially the Quaternary. Climatic fluctuation at a Milankovitch timescale has driven the alternations of aggradation and incision recorded in such terraces. It has been widely observed, however, that fluvial terraces also occur in areas glaciated during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which coincides with marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 2. This paper, in seeking to compare records from inside and outside of the LGM ice limit, concentrates on a single English river system, that of the Humber. The Humber estuary is shared by the largely Pennine-derived drainage of the Yorkshire Ouse, to the north and entirely within the MIS 2 glacial limit, and, to the south, the Trent, which is almost wholly outside the LGM limit. Thus the Trent has a terrace sequence extending back to the Middle Pleistocene, whereas in the component rivers of the Ouse system, records begin with the melting of the last glacial ice. Importantly, there is considerable difference in the disposition of the post-LGM fluvial deposits in these two subsystems. In the Ouse system there are modest terrace staircases, commencing with full glacial deposits that stand up to 30 m above the modern floodplain. In the Trent, in contrast, last glacial gravels form the foundation of the modern floodplain, with Holocene sediments emplaced directly above them. Thus there is little or no post-LGM incision in the Trent, whereas in the Ouse several incision events are recorded, continuing into the later stages of the Holocene. Wider comparison reveals that the Ouse system is an exemplar for other sequences within the MIS 2 limit, whereas systems beyond this glaciation typically have last glacial sediments beneath their modern floodplains and show little evidence of Holocene incision. The various possible explanations of these differences are discussed, with emphasis placed on glacio-isostatic uplift of areas glaciated during MIS 2 as the main reason for the significant post-glacial incision that typifies valleys in such regions. A new approach to modelling glacio-isostatic adjustment is outlined, from which it is concluded that lower-crustal flow plays a significant role in this process in regions of relatively hot and dynamic crust, like northern England, in addition to the mantle flow that is considered in conventional analyses of glacio-isostasy. Lower-crustal flow has a significant effect due to the combination of the small spatial scale of the glaciated region of northern England and the high mobility of the lower-crustal layer beneath it, due to the heating effect of the widespread Palaeozoic granite in the area.  相似文献   

Biogenic Sediments and Their Paleoceanographic Implication in West Pacific Warm Pool during the Pleistocene     

王汝建  肖文申 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2010,(1)

Primary productivity has played an important role in the global carbon cycle during the Quaternary. The average Corg/N ratio was 7.0 from the core MD97-2140 in the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) over the last 1 755 ka, which indicates a main contribution of marine organic carbon to the organic matter in the sediments. Large fluctuations in mass accumulation rates (MARs) of biogenics and lithogenics from this core since the marine isotope stage (MIS) 6 reflected the moderate variability in oceanographic condi...  相似文献   

The role of small‐scale fold and fault development in seismogenic zones: example of the western Huércal‐Overa Basin (eastern Betic Cordillera,Spain)     

Antonio Pedrera  Jesús Galindo‐Zaldívar  Antonio Ruiz‐Bustos  José Rodríguez‐Fernández  Ana Ruiz‐Constán 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(6):581-592

The NW–SE shortening between the African and the Eurasian plates is accommodated in the eastern Betic Cordillera along a broad area that includes large N‐vergent folds and kilometric NE–SW sinistral faults with related seismicity. We have selected the best exposed small‐scale tectonic structures located in the western Huércal‐Overa Basin (Betic Cordillera) to discuss the seismotectonic implications of such structures usually developed in seismogenic zones. Subvertical ESE–WNW pure dextral faults and E–W to ENE–ESW dextral‐reverse faults and folds deform the Quaternary sediments. The La Molata structure is the most impressive example, including dextral ESE–WNW Neogene faults, active southward‐dipping reverse faults and associated ENE–WSW folds. A molar M1 assigned to Mimomys savini allows for precise dating of the folded sediments (0.95–0.83 Ma). Strain rates calculated across this structure give ～0.006 mm a^?1 horizontal shortening from the Middle Pleistocene up until now. The widespread active deformations on small‐scale structures contribute to elastic energy dissipation around the large seismogenic zones of the eastern Betics, decreasing the seismic hazard of major fault zones. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Fire and drought as drivers of early Holocene tree line changes in the Peruvian Andes     

Dunia H. Urrego  Brittany A. Niccum  Christopher F. La Drew  Miles R. Silman  Mark B. Bush 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(1):28-36

Three pollen and charcoal records from three lakes lying at 3400 m elevation in southern Peru provided a record of landscape change spanning the last ca.18 000 cal. a BP. The tree line lay close to the site between ca. 16 000 and 12 000 cal. a BP, with Polylepis woodlands growing near the lakes. Progressively drying conditions led to increased fire after 12 000 cal. a BP, coinciding with a decline in Polylepis cover and Andean forest relicts as puna grasslands expanded. A strong decrease in the rate of sediment deposition between ca. 12 000 and ca. 4400 cal. a BP was interpreted to indicate the presence of sedimentary hiatuses. With the return of wet conditions after 4400 cal. a BP, forests did not reassemble around the lakes. Instead, fire‐maintained grasslands dominated the landscape. Humans probably induced the intensified fire activity during the late Holocene and thereby deflected local successions. The modern fragmented landscape, with Polylepsis woodlands existing in fire‐resistant pockets above the general limit of the Andean tree line, resulted from the intensification of human land use practices during the last 4400 cal. a BP. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献