江西九江地区晚更新世生态变迁的土壤有机质碳同位素证据   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张平中 《冰川冻土》1998,20(2):150-156

根据我国江西九江地区４个土壤剖面的土壤有机质及其δ１３Ｃ值的分析结果,认为末次冰期旋回内生态转型是由于季风效应和ＣＯ２共同作用的表现;北大西洋末次冰期内的Ｈｅｉｎｒｉｃｈ事件对中国东部的气候也产生剧烈的影响,其分布直接控制着Ｃ３和（或）Ｃ４植物的转型及其沉积物的类型．ＣＯ２及其温室气体可能是Ｈｅｉｎｒｉｃｈ事件的重要驱动因素之一．  相似文献   

西沙更新世礁灰岩大气淡水成岩的地球化学证据   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

刘健  韩春瑞  吴建政  鞠连军 《沉积学报》1998,(4)

重点探讨了西琛一井更新世礁灰岩的氧碳同位素和微量元素地球化学特征及其与大气淡水成岩的关系。西琛一井全新统（０～１６．９１ｍ）基本上未成岩,矿物组分以文石和高镁方解石为主;晚更新统（１６．９１～３０．６０ｍ）出现明显方解石化,矿物组分以低镁方解石为主（平均８６％）,少量文石（平均１４％）;中—早更新统（３０．６０～１７９ｍ）几乎完全方解石化;１７９ｍ以下部分—全部白云岩化。在１６．９１～１６５ｍ,δ１８Ｏ值相对均一,而δ１３Ｃ值的变化范围很大,且两者比全新统的δ１８Ｏ和δ１３Ｃ值显著降低;在一些层位上出现δ１３Ｃ值的负偏移,向下δ１３Ｃ逐渐增大;Ｓｒ和Ｍｇ的含量亦明显降低。这一地球化学特征是大气淡水成岩的典型标志,出现δ１３Ｃ负偏移的层位代表了礁体的水上暴露面。结合岩石学特征,初步识别出１４个暴露面。１６５～１７９ｍ的δ１８Ｏ、δ１３Ｃ和Ｍｇ向下同步增加,是淡水—海水混合带的成岩产物。  相似文献   

周口店洞穴堆积与黄土和深海沉积物的对比   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

程捷 《地质科技情报》1998,17(3):51-57

对周口店地区晚更新世洞穴堆积与黄土剖面及深海沉积物进行了对比,东岭子洞剖面可与黄土剖面的Ｌ２－Ｌ０及深海沉积物δ＾１８Ｏ的第６～１阶段对比,新洞可与Ｌ２－Ｓ１对比,山顶洞介于Ｌ１顶部与Ｓ０之间。  相似文献   

关于福建和台湾晚更新世存在陆桥之说质疑     

程乾盛 《福建地质》1998,17(4):214-220

据近年来福建沿海大陆架和相邻的浙江宁波发现的晚更新世海相、海－陆过渡相地层和新构造期活动断裂的研究成果,对前人提出的福建台湾晚更新世存在陆桥之说进行探讨。  相似文献   

Tertiary and Quaternary vegetation history of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA     

Owen K. Davis  Thomas E. Moutoux 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1998,19(4):417-427

Pollen analysis of 5 wells drilled to bedrock in the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA provide a record vegetation change over the last ca 13.5 Ma. Over 440 pollen samples have been counted. The longest record presented is for the mid-lake Bridge Well. Close-interval (3–10 Ka) sampling is presented for the upper Indian Cove well. Chronologic control is provided by identification volcanic tephra and by K/Ar, Ar/Ar, and fission-track dates. Ash determinations are based on electron microprobe analyses of iron, calcium, and other elements compared to Neogene ash data at the University of Utah. Sedimentation begins 38 Ma, with good pollen preservation is sediments younger than 13.5 Ma, and no obvious gaps in sedimentation after 6 Ma.The upland vegetation is desert from the late Miocene onward, with Sarcobatus and Ephedra pollen dominance during the late Miocene (<5 Ma). Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus, and Artemisia gain dominance during the Pliocene (5–2.5 Ma) and early Pleistocene. Pinus and Artemisia sharply increase in the late Pleistocene (0.75 Ma). The pollen of 'Tertiary exotics' (elm, hickory, Ostrya-Carpinus) is rare, but persists into the Pleistocene. Major vegetation – climatic events occur 3.7 and 2.5 Ma. Increased pollen concentration and sedimentation rate after 310 Ka are attributed to the diversion of the Bear River into the Bonneville Basin.Glacial-interglacial cycles appear as alternations of Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthus (interglacial) vs Artemisia (glacial) during the Pliocene and early Pleistocene, and of Cupressaceae, Sarcobatus, and Gramineae (interglacial) vs Picea, Abies, and Pseudotsuga (glacial) during the late Pleistocene. Pluvial cycles are separated by interpluvial peaks in percentages of wetground and aquatic types. Six interpluvials are indicated during the last 759 Ka, with pluvial cycles of ca 100 Ka cyclicity back to 1.5 Ma.  相似文献   

A paleoclimate record for the past 250,000 years from Summer Lake, Oregon, USA: II. Sedimentology, paleontology and geochemistry     

Andrew Cohen  Manuel Palacios-Fest  Robert Negrini  Peter Wigand  Daniel Erbes 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2000,24(2):151-182

We have obtained a detailed paleoenvironmental record in the Summer Lake Basin, Oregon (northwestern Great Basin, US) spanning from 250ka-5 ka. This record is derived from core and outcrop sites extending from a proximal deltaic setting to near the modern depocenter. Lithostratigraphic, paleontologic (ostracodes and pollen) and geochemical indicators all provide evidence for hydroclimate and climate change over the study interval.Lithostratigraphic analysis of the Summer Lake deposits allows subdivision into a series of unconformity - or paraconformity-bound lithosomes. The unconformity and facies histories indicate that the lake underwent several major lake-level excursions through the Middle and Late Pleistocene. High stands occurred between ~200 and ~165 ka, between ~89 and 50 ka and between ~25 and 13 ka. Uppermost Pleistocene and Holocene sediments have been removed by deflation of the basin, with the exception of a thin veneer of late Holocene sediment. These high stands correspond closely with Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages 6, 4 and 2, within the margin of error associated with the Summer Lake age model. A major unconformity from ~158 ka until ~102 ka (duration varies between sites) interrupts the record at both core and outcrop sites.Lake level fluctuations, in turn are closely linked with TOC and salinity fluctuations, such that periods of lake high stands correlate with periods of relatively low productivity, fresher water and increased water inflow/evaporation ratios. Paleotemperature estimates based on palynology and geochemistry (Mg/Ca ratios in ostracodes) indicate an overall decrease in temperature from ~236 ka-165 ka, with a brief interlude of warming and drying immediately after this (prior to the major unconformity). This temperature decrease was superimposed on higher frequency variations in temperature that are not evident in the sediments deposited during the past 100 ka. Indicators disagree about temperatures immediately following the unconformity (~102-95 ka), but most suggest warmer temperatures between ~100-89 ka, followed by a rapid and dramatic cooling event. Cooler conditions persisted throughout most of the remainder of the Pleistocene at Summer Lake, with the possible exception of brief warm intervals about 27-23 ka. Paleotemperature estimates for the proximal deltaic site are more erratic than for more distal sites, indicative of short term air temperature excursions that are buffered in deeper water.Estimates of paleotemperature from Mg/Ca ratios are generally in good agreement with evidence from upland palynology. However, there is a significant discordance between the upland pollen record and lake indicators with respect to paleoprecipitation for some parts of the record. Several possibilities may explain this discordance. We favor a direct link between lake level and salinity fluctuations and climate change, but we also recognize the possibility that some of these hydroclimate changes in the Summer Lake record may have resulted from episodic drainage captures of the Chewaucan River between the Summer Lake and Lake Abert basins.  相似文献   

更新统下界的半世纪之争   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

汪品先 《第四纪研究》2000,20(2):178-181

更新统下界的厘定从１９４８年提出任务,１９８４年建立意大利Ｖｒｉｃａ国际层型剖面(界线年龄为１．８Ｍａ),到１９９８年界线下移(到２．５Ｍａ)的建议未获通过,国际争议前后延续了半个世纪,迄今仍未平息。问题的实质在于新生代最晚期缺乏全球性的重大生物演化事件,而且与其它地质时代不同,第四纪的陆相地层具有特殊的重要性。  相似文献   

广州地区活动断裂的特征及其与工程抗震的关系   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

陈伟光  赵红梅  常郁 《华南地震》2000,20(2):47-56

根据第四纪地质、地球化学、地壳形变和地震活动资料,论述了晚第四纪广州地区主要断裂的活动特征。认晚更新世以来,广从断裂、清泉街断裂、瘦狗岭断裂和文冲断裂发生过拉张式活动,但活动较弱,对工程地震未构成较严重危害,但在这些断裂所通过的地了在砂土液化、淤泥塌陷等潜在地质灾害。  相似文献   

大荔人头骨化石产地地层的再研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

薛祥煦  于学锋  李永项 《地层学杂志》2000,24(3):210-214

1978年发现大荔人头骨化石以来 ,都认为该化石是产自中更新世晚期的地层中 ,一些学者一直认为其年龄是 180～ 2 0 0 ka B.P.,也有个别研究者认为是 2 30 ka、大于 2 5 0 ka、30 8ka B.P.的。实际上 ,不仅对化石的年龄有不同数据 ,对化石产地地层也有不同的划分与对比。经再研究 ,该区晚新生代地层从上上新统直到全新统都有发育。沉积类型有湖相 ,河流相和风成黄土—古土壤沉积。人类化石层应是上中更新统的下部或下中更新统的上部 ,或更靠下。  相似文献   

Transgressive Events since the Late Pleistocene in the Yellow River Delta: Grain-size Distribution and Palynological Results     

LU Jingfang  LIU Jian  HUANG Wei  HU Gang  ZHANG Daolai  John BIRKS 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):1194-1206

This study deals with the relationship between sea-level changes and paleoclimatic fluctuations based on the analysis of stratigraphy, grain sizes, palynology, and radiometric dating of the Yellow River delta since the Late Pleistocene. Evidence from the sedimentary record, grain sizes, and pollen provides a paleoenvironmental history of the Late Pleistocene from the boreholes of the delta. Based on a combination of grain-size analysis with lithological studies, marine deposit units contain the intervals of 13.85–16.9, 18.5–19.69, 27.9–34.8, 36.4–37.2, 48.4–51.6, and 54.1–55.9 m, and transitional facies units contain the intervals of 10.25–13.85, 16.9–18.5, 19.69–27.9, 34.8–36.4, 37.2–48.4, 51.6–54.1, and 55.9–60 m, compared with fluvial(terrestrial facies) deposit units(3.36–10.25 m). Based on pollen analysis and pollen assemblages, there were three warm-wet periods from 9.1–0.16 ka BP, 16.1–60 ka BP, and 90.1–94.6 ka BP From the top to the bottom of the borehole, the paleoclimate has an evident fluctuation: warm and moist(Holocene Optimum) —cool and dry(Younger Dryas Event)—mild semi cool—cool and dry—warm and moist. There were three warm-wet periods from 9.1–0.16 ka BP, 16.1–60 ka BP, and 90.1–94.6 ka BP, corresponding to the Holocene Optimum stage, MIS 3, and MIS 5, respectively. The warm period allowed monsoonal evergreen and broadleaved deciduous forests that corresponded to Holocene hypsithermal climatic conditions and the Late Pleistocene climatic Optimum. Three warm-wet periods occurred in marine deposit units from 9.1–0.16 ka BP, 60.1–16.1 ka BP, and 94.6–90.1 ka BP. These periods correspond to the Cangzhou transgression, Xianxian transgression, and Huanghua transgression, respectively. From 90.1–60.1 ka BP, 17.5–9.1 ka BP, and 0. 16 ka BP–1855 AD, three dry and cold phases are recognized. The phases indicate the fluvial(flood plain) sedimentary environment, corresponding to cooler and mild dry periods based on palynological results and grain-size distribution.  相似文献