日本中部地区上新世到更新世过渡时期的气候演变:来自水杉叶片化石稳定碳同位素及其形态性状的证据     

王雨晴  百原新  孙梅  王力  周浙昆 《第四纪研究》2015,35(3)

晚上新世至更新世是地质历史时期中十分重要的阶段,2.7Ma之后北半球由温暖湿润的气候进入冰期,水杉叶片化石稳定碳同位素值、叶片面积和叶片长宽比在地质历史时期的变化可以推测该时期内环境的变化趋势、探索植物对环境变化的响应.本研究选取日本中部地区的5个化石点(泉南郡、八王子市、东近江市、十日町市和生驹市)的水杉叶片化石(3.00～0.95Ma)材料.这些化石点的化石叶片稳定碳同位素值在八王子市(2.6～2.7Ma,晚上新世)出现最低值(-29.05‰±0.15‰),明显低于其他化石点材料的稳定碳同位素值,并且在此期间化石叶片的面积为7.45±1.31mm2,大于其他时期;同时,叶片的长宽比较大,为4.22±0.67.这些结果相互印证共同指示出,上新世与更新世交界时期存在一个间冰期;之后,气候逐渐变冷变于.并且本研究结果与日本古植物群落演替得出的结论相一致.  相似文献   

Biochronological data inferred from the Early Pleistocene small mammals of the Barranc de la Boella site (Tarragona,north‐eastern Spain)          下载免费PDF全文

IVÁN LOZANO‐FERNÁNDEZ  SANDRA BAÑULS‐CARDONA  HUGUES‐ALEXANDRE BLAIN  JUAN MANUEL LÓPEZ‐GARCÍA  JOSEP VALLVERDÚ  JORDI AGUSTÍ  GLORIA CUENCA‐BESCÓS 《第四纪科学杂志》2014,29(7):722-728

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Pleistocene geochemical stratigraphy of the borehole 1317E (IODP Expedition 307) in Porcupine Seabight,SW of Ireland: applications to palaeoceanography and palaeoclimate of the coral mound development     

Xianghui Li  Chiduru Takashima  Akihiro Kano  Saburo Sakai  Yunhua Chen  Baoliang Xu  Iodp Expedition Scientists 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(2):178-189

Stable isotopes and element compositions of the fine‐grained matrix were measured for IODP Expedition 307 Hole U1317E drilled from the summit of Challenger Mound in Porcupine Seabight, northeast Atlantic, to explore the palaeoceanographic and palaeoclimatic background to development of the deep‐water coral mound. The 155 m long mound section was divided into two units by an unconformity at 23.6 mbsf: Unit M1 (2.6–1.7 Ma) and Unit M2 (1.0–0.5 Ma). Results from 519 specimens show a difference in δ¹³C value between Unit M1 (?0.6‰ to ?5.0‰) and Unit M2 (?1.0‰ to 1.0‰), but such a distinct difference was not seen in δ¹⁸O values (1.0‰–2.5‰), CaCO₃ content (40–60 wt%), Sr/Ca ratio (2.0–8.0 mmol mol^?1), and Mg/Ca ratio (10.0–20.0 mmol mol^?1) through the mound. Positive δ¹⁸O and negative δ¹³C shifts at the mound base are consistent with the oceanographic changes in the northeast Atlantic at the beginning of the Quaternary. The positive δ¹³C regression in Unit M2 suggests a linkage to the mid Pleistocene intensified glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere. Warm Mediterranean Upper Core Water of Mediterranean Outflow Water, Eastern North Atlantic Water and cold Labrador Sea Water of North Atlantic Deep Water are key oceanographic features that cause spikes and shifts in stable isotope and element composition. However, the stable isotope values of the sediment matrix could not primarily record the glacial–interglacial eustatic/temperature change, but indirectly indicate current regimes of the intermediate oceanic layer where the coral mound grew. Similarly, elemental ratios and CaCO₃ content may not represent the productivity and temperature of surface sea water, respectively, but superpose the fractions from both surface and bottom water. It is concluded that palaeoceanographic change coupled to the Pleistocene glacial/interglacial cycles is a key control on the geochemical stratigraphy of the matrix sediments of the carbonate mound developed in Porcupine Seabight. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Marine Isotope Stage 7–6 transition age for beach sediments at Morston,north Norfolk,UK: implications for Pleistocene chronology,stratigraphy and tectonics     

P. G. Hoare  S. J. Gale  R. A. J. Robinson  E. R. Connell  N. R. Larkin 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(4):311-316

Optically stimulated luminescence age estimates for the Pleistocene beach at Morston, north Norfolk, UK, obtained by the single‐aliquot regenerative‐dose protocol, indicate a Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7–6 transition date. The view that the beach is of Ipswichian (MIS 5e) age, held virtually unanimously for the last 75 years, may now be discarded. The extant beach sequence lies up to ～5 m OD, yet global models suggest that MIS 7–6 sea levels were typically substantially below that of today. The explanation may lie with poorly understood regional tectonic movements. The MIS 7–6 date helps to constrain the ages of glacial deposits that bracket the beach sediments at Morston. The underlying Marly Drift till cannot be younger than MIS 8; this may also be true for the complex assemblage of glaciogenic landforms and sediments, including the Blakeney esker, in the adjacent lower Glaven valley. The well‐established Late Devensian (MIS 2) age of the Hunstanton Till is not compromised by the date of the Morston beach. There is no indication of a proposed Briton's Lane glaciation during MIS 6 times. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Amazon Fan biomarker evidence against the Pleistocene rainforest refuge hypothesis?     

Mark A. Maslin  Virginia J. Ettwein  Christopher S. Boot  James Bendle  Richard D. Pancost 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(5):451-460

Ocean Drilling Program Leg 155 Site 942 on the Amazon Fan is an ideal location for monitoring palaeoclimatic changes within a significant proportion of the Amazon Basin. We present n‐alkane δ¹³C and taraxerol and laevoglucosan concentration records from this site covering the last 38 ka. The entire n‐alkane δ¹³C record is constrained between ?31‰ and ?34‰, which is well within the isotopic range occupied by C₃ vegetation. The concentration and relative abundance of taraxerol, a mangrove indicator, varies by over an order of magnitude, but seems to have had no effect on the n‐alkane δ¹³C record. The laevoglucosan concentrations are extremely low during the last glacial period, suggesting a relatively low occurrence of forest fires. Laevoglucosan concentrations are highest between 13.5 and 12.5 ka, suggesting an increased incidence of Amazon forest fires at the very end of the Younger Dryas. These records, combined with previously published pollen records from Site 932, reveal no evidence for massive incursions of grasslands into Amazonia during the last glacial period, despite evidence of reduced outflow of the Amazon River indicating more arid conditions. We therefore suggest that savannah encroachment, as proposed by the Pleistocene refuge hypothesis, can be refuted as an explanation for high species endemism within the Amazon Basin, and alternative explanations are required. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A 15 000‐year record of climate change in northern New Mexico,USA, inferred from isotopic and elemental contents of bog sediments     

Luz M. Cisneros‐Dozal  Jeffrey M. Heikoop  Julianna Fessenden  R. Scott Anderson  Philip A. Meyers  Craig D. Allen  Marcey Hess  Toti Larson  George Perkins  Michael Rearick 《第四纪科学杂志》2010,25(6):1001-1007

Elemental (C, N, Pb) and isotopic (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N) measurements of cored sediment from a small bog in northern New Mexico reveal changes in climate during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Abrupt increases in Pb concentration and δ¹³C values ca. 14 420 cal. YBP indicate significant runoff to the shallow lake that existed at that time. Weathering and transport of local volcanic rocks resulted in the delivery of Pb‐bearing minerals to the basin, while a ¹³C‐enriched terrestrial vegetation source increased the δ¹³C values of the sedimentary material. Wet conditions developed over a 300 a period and lasted for a few hundred years. The Younger Dryas period (ca. 12 700–11 500 cal. YBP) caused a reduction in terrestrial productivity reflected in decreasing C/N values, δ¹⁵N values consistently greater than 0‰ and low organic content. By contrast, aquatic productivity increased during the second half of this period, evidenced by increasing δ¹³C values at the time of highest abundance of algae. Dry conditions ca. 8 000–6 000 cal. YBP were characterised by low organic carbon content and high Pb concentrations, the latter suggesting enhanced erosion and aeolian transport of volcanic rock. The range in δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N and C/N values in the sedimentary record fall within the range of modern plants, except during the periods of runoff and drought. The sedimentary record provides evidence of natural climate variability in northern New Mexico, including short‐ (multi‐centennial) and long‐(millennial) term episodes during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

晚更新世南黄海西部陆架的古长江三角洲   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

陶倩倩  刘保华  李西双  张维冈  李达 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2009,(2)

晚更新世气候的冷暖交替引起全球海平面的下降与上升,在南黄海地层中,最直接的体现就是海陆交互式沉积层。利用最新的高分辨率浅地层剖面资料,对南黄海西部近海陆架晚更新世以来的地震地层进行了详细划分,探讨了晚更新世两个海进层序中古三角洲的划分及其地震相特征,认为晚更新世南黄海古三角洲可分为4个较大的期次。根据沉积物特征分析判断4期古三角洲均为古长江形成,各期三角洲相互叠置,范围、厚度及扩建方向均有不同,各期古长江三角洲与海平面变化有很好的对应关系。  相似文献   

福建漳浦前湖湾硅藻组合及其古环境意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴彩容  刘剑秋  王绍鸿  俞鸣同 《海洋通报》2008,27(1):75-80

在福建漳浦前湖湾QHP剖面和QHZ钻孔1共取28个硅藻样品,依据硅藻种类的含量变化和硅藻组合特征,自下而上划分为4个硅藻带,其中B带划分出4个亚带,B4亚带进一步划分为2个小亚带.结合14C测年和沉积地层岩性资料,探讨了该地区晚更新世以来的古环境演化,得出其环境变迁过程由老到新依次为:河流环境-海湾环境-河流环境-海湾河口环境-河流环境-陆相淡水环境-湖泊-风沙环境-滨岸小海湾环境.  相似文献   

云南鹤庆盆地中更新世以来的孢粉记录及其植被与气候变化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

肖霞云  沈吉  肖海丰  童国榜 《湖泊科学》2006,18(4):369-376

通过对“中国大陆环境钻探计划”首钻——云南鹤庆深钻前155 m约800 ka以来的岩芯进行孢粉研究,探讨了云南鹤庆盆地中更新世以来的植被演替与古气候变迁．研究表明鹤庆盆地周围山地的植被在约800 kaBP至6．98 kaBP之间经历了以松为主的针叶林、山地针阔叶混交林、寒温性针叶林的多次相互演替;从6．98 kaBP开始,植被发生了转折性变化,森林植被迅速退化,以草本为主,此时开始受到人类活动的影响,人类活动表现在砍伐森林和种植农作物等方面.与植被演替相应的古气候可划分为五个大的阶段,包含多次冷暖、干湿旋回．  相似文献   

SLIP RATES OF THE RIYUE MT. FAULT AT DEZHOU SEGMENT SINCE LATE PLEISTOCENE          下载免费PDF全文

LI Zhi-min  SU Peng  HUANG Shuai-tang  TIAN Qin-jian  YIN Xiang 《地震地质》2018,40(3):656-671

The Riyue Mt. Fault is a secondary fault controlled by the major regional boundary faults (East Kunlun Fault and Qilian-Haiyuan Fault). It lies in the interior of Qaidam-Qilianshan block and between the major regional boundary faults. The Riyue Mt. fault zone locates in the special tectonic setting which can provide some evidences for recent activity of outward extension of NE Tibetan plateau, so it is of significance to determine the activity of Riyue Mt. Fault since late Pleistocene to Holocene. In this paper, we have obtained some findings along the Dezhou segment of Riyue Mt. Fault by interpreting the piedmont alluvial fans, measuring fault scarps, and excavating trenches across the fault scarp. The findings are as follows:(1) Since the late Pleistocene, there are an alluvial fan f_p and three river terraces T₁-T₃ formed on the Dezhou segment. The abandonment age of f_p is approximately (21.2±0.6) ka, and that of the river terrace T₂ is (12.4±0.11) ka. (2) Since the late Pleistocene, the dextral strike-slip rate of the Riyue Mt. Fault is (2.41±0.25) mm/a. In the Holocene, the dextral strike-slip rate of the fault is (2.18±0.40) mm/a, and its vertical displacement rate is (0.24±0.16) mm/a. This result indicates that the dextral strike-slip rate of the Riyue Mt. Fault has not changed since the late Pleistocene. It is believed that, as one of the dextral strikeslip faults, sandwiched between the the regional big left-lateral strike-slip faults, the Riyue Mt. Fault didn't cut the boundary zone of the large block. What's more, the dextral strike-slip faults play an important role in the coordination of deformation between the sub-blocks during the long term growth and expansion of the northeast Tibetan plateau.  相似文献