海盐生产的降水塑苫决策分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王凤娇  吴书君  王立静  张鹏  刘昭武  牛丽玲 《气象》2011,37(1):116-121

通过分析降水对卤水结晶的影响,得出了造成卤水淡化、化盐、毁池的降水量是逐级增大的结论,而化盐、毁池的降水量远大于塑苫的降水量,降水塑苫决策只考虑塑苫的降水量即可.利用等价原则,讨论了影响降水塑苫决策的主要因素,结果表明,塑苫成本、结晶池面积及原盐价格的变动对塑苫的降水量影响较小,塑苫的降水量主要与苫盖操作时间、降水持续时间、日蒸发量正相关.当操作时间一定时,塑苫的降水量由降水持续时间和日蒸发量决定.根据结晶池的塑苫情况,建立了两套降水塑苫决策方案.  相似文献   

海藻酸钠添加量对琼胶-结冷胶复合膜性能的影响     

周正光  汪东风  吴琼  于悦 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(8):61-64,88

研究海藻酸钠添加量对琼胶-结冷胶膜复合膜的水溶性、机械强度和水蒸汽阻隔性能的影响,并用红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析复合膜的相容性。结果表明,多糖之间有较强的氢键作用和良好的相容性;添加20%的海藻酸钠能使复合膜的溶解时间从360s下降到86s,低湿度下(RH=33%)的水蒸气透过率也有所下降,高湿度下(RH=94%)的水蒸气透过率无较大变化。添加海藻酸钠于琼胶-结冷胶复合膜中,复合膜的水溶性有了明显的提高,并且具有良好的力学性能和水蒸气阻隔性能,有望成为一种食品内包装膜。  相似文献   

地市级集约化气象影视制作平台的研究与应用     

王怡  凌予杰  原林茹 《河南气象》2014,(2):100-106

通过对本单位气象影视的现有资源进行升级改造,在投入极少资金配置硬件的情况下,充分发挥地市级人才技术和设备优势,自主设计开发炫影系统,建立地市级集约化气象影视制作平台。炫影系统采用节目模块化制作流程,通过气象符号叠加、特效模板组合、节目模块拼接等,可轻松地完成多套节目的同时制作。公用模块部分程序设计,采用内存虚拟盘作为暂存,对视频编码进行优化,高效率使用内存,极大提高了共享数据的访问速度。在视频采集的设计上采用独特的蓝溢出抑制功能,强化了彩色校正级别,通过模糊技术来处理可能因为细节丢失而发生的蓝溢出。炫影系统还提供视频和图形特技统一的三维设计空间,引入模板物件和透视模块层的概念,实现模板编辑三维创意交互。在节目网络传输方面采用虚拟专用网,使气象影视真正实现主动式光网传输。"集中制作、末端分发"的地市级电视气象节目集约化模式的运行,从整体上提高了气象影视节目的制作水平,增强了节目的可看性,促进了气象影视节目的品牌形成。通过对集约化气象影视制作平台的研究,地市级的公共气象服务能力和覆盖面得到了极大提高,气象灾害预警更加及时准确,社会公众的防灾避险能力得到加强。该系统平台的研究也适用气象灾害现场电视节目应急制作发布,也为今后建设高标准集约化气象影视网络制作平台提供借鉴。  相似文献   

A study on water film in saturated sand   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LU X.B.  CUI P. 《国际泥沙研究》2010,25(3):221-232

Water film can serve as a sliding surface and cause landslides on gentle slopes. The development of "water film" in saturated sand is analyzed numerically and theoretically based on a quasi-three-phase model. It is shown that stable water films initiate and grow if the choking state (where the fluid velocity decreases to near zero) remains steady in a liquefied sand column. Discontinuity can occur in pore water velocity, grain velocity and pore pressure after the initiation of a water film. However, the discontinuity and water film can disappear once the choking state is changed. The key to the formation of water film is the choking in the sand column caused by eroded fine grains.  相似文献   

L波段电子探空仪相对湿度误差研究及其应用   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

姚雯  马颖  徐文静 《应用气象学报》2008,19(3):356-361

为了提高高空大气探测数据准确度, 我国从2002年1月开始推广使用L波段雷达-电子探空仪探测系统, 用携带碳湿敏元件的数字式电子探空仪代替用肠膜测湿元件的59型探空仪进行相对湿度探测。但大量的实测探空资料表明:相对湿度探空曲线仍然存在较大误差。利用能测到-30℃低温的高精度湿度校准设备在-30~30℃试验温度范围内对碳湿敏元件进行大量静态测试, 在进一步了解碳湿敏电阻校准线随温度变化的特征基础上, 结合实际探空资料, 修正工厂的相对湿度订正原理和公式, 从而可以提高碳湿敏电阻在高湿端的测量准确度, 提高判断云层垂直位置的准确性, 进而提高L波段探空仪温度测量的精度。  相似文献   

海拔2800m的山区地膜春小麦试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

艾尼瓦尔·依沙木丁 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2008,2(4):49-51

2006年,在海拔2800m以上的和田县喀什塔什乡科克阿依村进行地膜穴播春小麦与露地春小麦栽培对比试验。地膜覆盖技术改善了小麦生物性状,分蘖数和成穗率大大提高,千粒重也有所增加。除4月15日播种的外,株高、结实小穗数、穗粒数都比露地播种小麦增加,A、B、C三处理比对照籽粒产量分别增加75．5％、82．0％和52.3％,增产效果非常明显。能有效解决低温半干旱山区春小麦生产中存在的粗、旱、冻等突出问题,具有较好的保墒蓄水、增温保温效能,有明显的增产增收作用,是小麦生产再上台阶的一项有力措施,值得在南疆海拔2800m以上的山区大力推广应用。  相似文献   

GEOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATION AND THE ELUSIVE MAPPING OF AMAZONIA*     

LUCIANA MARTINS 《Geographical review》2012,102(2):225-244

In this article I reexamine Alexander Hamilton Rice's seventh expedition to Amazonia (1924–1925) in order to highlight the ways in which the image of the modern explorer was constructed through various technologies of visualization, including maps, still photography, and film. The Rice expedition was equipped with the latest surveying instruments, among them a hydroplane especially adapted for taking aerial photographs, and it was the first to attempt shortwave radio communication in the Tropics. However, the expedition's efforts to reach the headwaters of the Rio Branco ended in failure. I investigate Rice's heavy investment in making a visual record of the expedition in the context of his academic ambitions. Despite his influence in learned societies in the United States and Europe, his questionable reputation within academic circles was difficult to overcome: His reliance on publicity to enhance his academic career had adverse consequences. The retelling of Rice's tale here also sheds light on the role of indigenous local knowledge and agency in the history of exploration. All the modern surveying technology employed notwithstanding, local support remained crucial for Amazonian exploration.  相似文献   

灌水定额对玉米膜孔灌土壤水氮运移特性影响试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹俊  费良军  脱云飞 《地下水》2009,31(4):99-102

通过玉米膜孔灌测坑试验,分析了灌水定额条件下的膜孔灌农田土壤垂直剖面水氮分布规律。经研究表明：灌水定额越大,土壤含水量越大,分布范围越广,土壤80~100 cm层的含水量越高;灌水定额越大,土壤表层（0~20.0 cm）含水量变化越大,硝态氮含量越小,变化越大,对深层80~100 cm硝态氮含量影响越大;随灌水定额的增加,硝态氮累积峰越靠下,低、中、高灌水定额的硝态氮累积峰分别出现在30 cm4、0 cm5、0 cm左右,高灌水定额时,增加了硝态氮的淋失,不利于作物对水氮的吸收。  相似文献   

Materials that linger: An embodied geography of polyester clothes     

《Geoforum》2017

Narratives of clothing reuse and repurpose have centred on second-hand economies, recycling, upcycling and DIY, fashioning a particular kind of ‘wasted’ aesthetic where stitching, darning and patching become visible. But what of clothes that don’t show signs of wear, because they are made from human-made fabrics that degrade much more slowly than organic materials? Drawing on ethnographic ‘fashion journeys’ with young adults from Sydney, Australia, this paper follows polyester clothes, geographically and temporally, beyond spaces of production, to their everyday use, storage, divestment, reuse and recirculation. Clothing is theorised as always in-process – materially, temporally and spatially – and understood haptically through relations between agentic component materials and human touch. Reconfiguring concepts of fashion waste questions how clothes become redundant: their material memories instead lingering in wardrobes, in stockpiles of divested objects and hand-me-downs, entering cycles of second-hand trade and ultimately, landfill. Polyester manifests a particular variant of material culture: both mundane and malignant, its feel and slow decay result in clothing that seldom slips from the category of surplus to excess in clear ways. An embodied approach, focused on materials and haptic properties of touch and ‘feel’, reveals the contours of an otherwise opaque everyday geography of clothing waste.  相似文献   

Grain Boundary Diffusion of Oxygen in c-Textured YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)Films     

Li LiState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis  Processing  Wuhan University of Technology  Wuhan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(3)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＥｖｅｒｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｖａｐｏｒｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｔｏｅｐｉｔａｘｉａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｓｕｐｅｒｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｎｇｃｕｐｒａｔｅｓ,ｑｕａｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｈａｓｂｅｅｎｇｒｅａｔｌｙｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ .Ａｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ,ｈｉｇｈ ｑｕａｌｉｔｙＹＢａ2 Ｃｕ3 Ｏ7-δ(ＹＢＣＯ)ｆｉｌｍｓｗｉｔｈＴＣ≥ 90Ｋ ,ＪＣ≥ 6× 10 6Ａ/ｃｍ2 ａｔ 77Ｋｃａｎｂｅｅａｓｉｌｙｐｒｅｐａｒｅｄｂ…  相似文献