海港地域组合及其区划的初步研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

陈航 《地理学报》1991,46(4):480-487

本文对海港地域组合的概念、形成背景、研究意义,以及海港组合区划的原则、指标和方法等进行了初步的探讨论述。并在这基础上,对中国海港组合区的划分进行了尝试。  相似文献   

日照港西部海域海底地形与表层沉积特征          下载免费PDF全文

江飞  李安龙  庄振业 《海岸工程》2016,35(3):32-42

利用单波束测深仪和蚌式取样器进行了日照石臼港扩建码头西侧约50km~2海域1:2 000~1:10 000的水深地形测绘和底质分析工作。调查结果表明,日照港西部海域可分4个水深区,其地形和沉积特征如下:1)航道区,浅水航道区等深线平行于码头岸线,水深11m,经过疏浚已形成向南倾斜的四级阶梯地形,疏浚中心处水深24m。航道区底质以分选中等的砾砂为主;2)港池区,水深6 m,等深线与港池岸线平行,水深向南渐增,海底地形平坦,坡降比3‰。底质以分选较好的粉砂和砂质粉砂为主,近岸有少量分选较差的泥质砂质砾;3)涛雒-付疃河口区,水下三角洲地形明显,5m以浅等深线呈弧形向东南方向凸出,坡降比最大可达14.2‰,底质类型为分选极好的砂和粉砂质砂;4)浅海区,海底地形平坦,平均坡降比1.9‰,6~10m等深线呈NE-SW向平行向外海增大,近南扩码头端向东偏转,底质类型为分选好的砂质粉砂和粉砂,并呈平行于海岸线向深水区呈粗-细-粗的带状分布。底质类型分布与水深条件基本吻合,但深水区出现的底质粗化现象,分析认为可能与南扩码头的挑流作用有关,海底沉积物呈向南运移趋势。  相似文献   

A method to estimate climate-critical construction materials applied to seaport protection     

《Global Environmental Change》2016

Climate adaptation for coastal infrastructure projects raises unique challenges because global-scale environmental changes may require similar projects to be completed in many locations over the same time frame. Existing methods to forecast resource demand and capacity do not consider this phenomenon of a global change affecting many localities and the resulting increased demand for resources. Current methods do not relate to the most up-to-date climate science information, and they are too costly or too imprecise to generate global, regional, and local forecasts of “climate-critical resources” that will be required for infrastructure protection. They either require too much effort to create the many localized designs or are too coarse to consider information sources about local conditions and structure-specific engineering knowledge. We formalized the concept of a “minimum assumption credible design” (MACD) to leverage available local information (topography/bathymetry and existing infrastructure) and the essential engineering knowledge and required construction materials (i.e., a design cross-section template). The aggregation of the resources required for individual local structures then forecasts the resource demand for global adaptation projects. We illustrate the application of the MACD method to estimate the demand for construction materials critical to protect seaports from sea-level-rise-enhanced storm surges. We examined 221 of the world’s 3,300+ seaports to calculate the resource requirements for a coastal storm surge protection structure suited to current upper-bound projections of two meters of sea level rise by 2100. We found that a project of this scale would require approximately 436 million cubic meters of construction materials, including cement, sand, aggregate, steel rebar, and riprap. For cement alone, ∼49 million metric tons would be required. The deployment of the MACD method would make resource forecasts for adaptation projects more transparent and widely accessible and would highlight areas where current engineering knowledge or material, engineering workforce, and equipment capacity fall short of meeting the demands of adaptation projects.  相似文献   

Remarkable Cave,Tasmania     

I. McDougall 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2016,63(1):91-97

At Remarkable Cave, southern Tasmania, Triasssic sedimentary rocks are intruded by Jurassic dolerite to form a sheet-like body of unknown thickness to the east of and below Remarkable Cave. The sedimentary rocks near sea-level at Remarkable Cave show deformation and flow structures, and are composed of recrystallised predominantly quartz and feldspar with some darker alteration minerals and zeolite in the more massive parts of the recrystallised rock. The deformation was caused by the intrusion of dolerite. At the top of the sheet-like body to the east of Remarkable Cave there is rheomorphic veining into the dolerite following joint fractures. The dolerite is locally transgressive. In Remarkable Cave, dolerite must occur just below the floor of the cave to heat the sedimentary rocks to much higher temperatures than typical contact aureoles in the area, supporting a local feeder geometry, or compositional control.  相似文献   

安徽省长江沿岸港口体系的初步研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

曹有挥 《地理科学》1995,15(2):154-162

  相似文献   

岚山港临时海洋倾倒区表层沉积物重金属污染分布及影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张亮  任荣珠  吴凤丛  王尽文  张乃星 《海洋湖沼通报》2012,(1):130-136

以2009年9月岚山港临时海洋倾倒区表层沉积物监测数据为基础,分析了该倾倒区海域表层沉积物重金属污染分布情况,发现该倾倒区海域表层沉积物重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Hg污染分布大致表现为倾倒区范围内含量高,倾倒区外围含量低的趋势,可能是疏浚物的倾倒造成的这种分布特征。分析了岚山港临时海洋倾倒区表层沉积物重金属含量与有机碳、粒度的相关性,发现重金属含量与有机碳含量具有较高的正相关性,其中Cr与有机碳含量显著相关(P<0.01),重金属含量与粒度(沉积物黏土含量)呈正相关性。  相似文献   

Geological evolution of the Holocene Yarra Delta and its relationship with Port Phillip Bay     

G. Holdgate  M. Norvick 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2017,64(3):301-318

The Holocene and pre-Holocene sediments and stratigraphy of the Yarra Delta have been examined using nearly 600 geotechnical bores. The oldest Holocene unit is the Coode Island Silt that has two depocentres, each up to 20.0–25.0 m thick, separated by a NW–SE belt of older pre-Holocene units. The northern depocentre represents estuarine infill to the Yarra and Maribyrnong, a river system, whereas the southern depocentre appears to be an offshore bay facies. The youngest unit is the Port Melbourne Sand, which is largely restricted to the area south of the present Yarra River. It is between 5.0 and 28.0 m thick, and is diachronous with the underlying Coode Island Silt. New ¹⁴C shell dates from the Coode Island Silt and Port Melbourne Sand have shown an age range between 8341 and 2760 yrs BP. These sediments infill former swamplands covering low-stand river valleys of the Yarra and Maribyrnong rivers across West Melbourne, Fishermans Bend and South Melbourne. After ca 2760 yrs BP active sedimentation in the delta ceased as base-levels fell, and Yarra and Maribyrnong river sediments bypassed the delta because of falling bay levels. The Yarra and Maribyrnong river courses also shifted progressively westwards behind growing beach barriers of the Port Melbourne Sand. A comparable stratigraphy exists between the Yarra Delta and the adjacent Port Phillip Bay, i.e. marine and lagoonal shelly sediments of the Coode Island Silt and barrier sands of the Port Melbourne Sand infill last-glacial channels cut into the middle Pleistocene Fishermans Bend Silt.  相似文献   

Aligning public participation with local environmental knowledge in complex marine social-ecological systems     

《Marine Policy》2017

The incorporation of local and traditional knowledges into environmental governance regimes is increasingly recognised as a critical component of effective and equitable conservation efforts. However, there remain significant barriers to integration of community-based knowledge within mainstream environmental governance. This paper explores community-based knowledge in the context of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), a widely-used governance tool designed to predict and manage the impacts of development. Drawing on a social survey and interviews, the paper documents local community knowledge of environmental changes associated with dredging and the construction of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plants in a large industrial harbour located in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area, and compares this knowledge with public consultation opportunities offered throughout the project lifecycle, including during assessment and after project approval. The findings highlight a misalignment between community knowledge of environmental change, which is acquired largely after impacts become apparent, and the public participation opportunities afforded through EIA, which generally occur before construction or dredging is undertaken.  相似文献   

Questionnaire-based assessment of Mediterranean fishing ports,Nile Delta,Egypt     

《Marine Policy》2017

The fisheries sector is a significant contributor to the Egyptian economy. Recently, issues relating to fishing ports have been highlighted in port planning, availability of facilities, management, and environmental issues. Additional problems include Egypt's lack of specific guidelines for planning and design of fishing ports. This paper aims to assess the current status of five fishing ports (both natural and artificial) located along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. Data were collected via a questionnaire supplied directly to the fishermen. The questionnaire contains two sections that cover information regarding the fishermen and fishing vessels. There are sections to assess the degree of satisfaction of the fishermen regarding economic, environmental, planning, facilities, and managerial issues. 250 fishermen received the questionnaire. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results confirm that the fishing ports are negatively affected by a number issues, as well as management deficiencies, resulting in several weaknesses. The main issues include pollution, sedimentation, deterioration of infrastructure, and lack of port facilities. It is recommended that decision-makers should develop monitoring tools and improve infrastructure and services. Recommendations are made for future development to enable the expansion in the fishing industry and improve the sustainability of fishing ports.  相似文献   

港口-腹地关联性测度及驱动要素研究——以连云港港口-淮海经济区为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

朱传耿  刘波  李志江 《地理研究》2009,28(3):716-725

在对国内外港口—腹地相互关联研究文献综述基础上,运用灰色关联分析法,通过计算港口—腹地经济关联发展的均值关联度,对1990~2005年连云港港口—淮海经济区关联发展效应进行定量研究,并对影响连云港港口—淮海经济区关联的驱动要素进行定性分析。主要结论有:连云港港口—港城关联发展总体上呈上升趋势,并具有明显的阶段性;连云港港口与淮海经济区中的苏北、鲁南、皖北和豫东4个板块之间的关联度差异具有明显的地域差异,即皖北和豫东保持稳定、鲁南整体下降、苏北缓慢上升;连云港港口与淮海经济区一体化进程在关联发展总体趋势较强的基础上推进,但具有明显的弱化倾向;自然条件与区位、基础设施与交通、经济水平与政策、腹地一体化程度是影响连云港港口—淮海经济区关联的主要驱动要素。  相似文献