Modeling and Evaluating of Non‐Point Source Pollution in a Semi‐Arid Watershed: Implications for Watershed Management          下载免费PDF全文

Xinzhong Du  Jingjun Su  Xuyong Li  Wangshou Zhang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(3):247-255

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A Tripartite Conceptualisation of Urban Public Space as a Site for Play: Evidence from South Bank,London     

Alasdair Jones 《Urban geography》2013,34(8):1144-1170

Public space is a feature of the urban built environment that has received increasing attention in recent years. Discussion has focused on the theoretical decline of public space, as private and institutional forces take on increasing influence. At the same time, many such “in-between spaces,” even privately owned ones, are used and experienced as public on a daily basis. Few studies, however, have explored how spaces understood as public are used and practised as such. To address this gap in the literature this paper draws upon ethnographic data collected on the “South Bank” in London (United Kingdom) to argue that “play” is a recurrent trait of sociospatial practices enacted in public space. Three interrelated typologies of playful practices in public space are discussed: child's play, plays on meaning, and play as simulation.  相似文献   

Land degradation: A global perspective   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Arthur Conacher 《New Zealand geographer》2009,65(2):91-94

Land degradation has a long history and is on the increase. It has adverse consequences for people's economies, health and well-being, and for ecosystems, and it is causally linked to population growth and inappropriate land-use practices. It is an urban as well as a rural problem. Solutions require an integrated, geographical approach. Otherwise, some problems may be ignored and others created inadvertently.  相似文献   

森林经营措施对土壤的扰动和压实影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

邱仁辉  杨玉盛  陈光水  谢锦升 《山地学报》2000,18(3):231-236

根据森林经营措施对林地土壤的扰动和压实及其对树木生长和森林生产力的影响 ,指出森林经营措施对土壤造成的干扰是长期存在的 ,干扰强度越大 ,对林地生产力的影响越严重。从伐区作业、林地清理、整地、幼林抚育等方面提出减少土壤受扰动和压实的具体措施 ,为减少经营措施对林地生态系统的影响 ,从而改进传统的森林经营措施 ,实现森林可持续经营提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Impact of the spatial arrangement of land management practices on surface runoff for small catchments     

F. Colin  R. Moussa  X. Louchart 《水文研究》2012,26(2):255-271

Predicting the impact of land use changes on the hydrological response is crucial for water resource management. In the particular case of small catchments (1–10 km²), distributed models could provide useful answers regarding the effects of cultivation practices and man‐made works on water fluxes. However, the impacts of specific land use spatial arrangements are difficult to predict because of the prohibitive number of possible cases to consider. Focusing on surface runoff, this article describes a strategy based on a water particle tracking routine to be plugged‐in a distributed model that is designed to determine the spatial arrangements of land management practices that have the greatest impact on volume, peak discharge and lag time at the catchment outlet. A case study is described; the hydrological response of the Roujan catchment (Herault, France) is simulated with the MHYDAS model. The Roujan catchment contains a vineyard in a Mediterranean climate in a landscape in which weeding practices highly influence the partition between soil infiltration and runoff. Results showed that the proposed strategy is much more efficient than a random approach to design the spatial arrangements of the vineyard weeding practices with the greatest impact. Therefore, the proposed strategy may lead to innovative policies for the spatial planning of land management practices. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Climate change action as a project of identity: Eight meta-analyses     

《Global Environmental Change》2021

Identity can improve our understanding of personal climate action, particularly when climate action becomes an expression of a person’s self. However, it is unclear which kind of self or identity is most relevant. Building on a comprehensive series of eight meta-analyses (using data from 188 published articles, N = 414,282 participants) this research systematically compares how strongly climate-friendly intentions and behaviors are associated with place identity, personal connectedness to nature, environmental self-identity (i.e., personal self-definition as a pro-environmentally acting person), and social identity (i.e., identification with social groups). Results suggest robust, medium-sized to strong links of both pro-environmental intentions and behaviors to people’s nature connectedness (r = 0.44/0.52), environmental self-identity (r = 0.62/0.56), and identification with groups considered to support climate-friendly behavior (r = 0.48/0.51), but markedly weaker effects for identification with groups which are unrelated to environmental topics (r = 0.30/0.15) and for place identity (r = 0.18/0.32). Implications for policy interventions and psychological theory are discussed.  相似文献   

在空间数据库课程中采用开源软件实验的教学实践     

熊伟  陈荦  吴秋云  景宁 《地理信息世界》2015,(1):73-76

对比分析了国内外空间数据库课程现状。针对开源地理空间信息软件体系在空间数据库实验课程中的教学特点,探讨了开源软件应用于空间数据库课程实验的教学实践,提出了分阶段实验教学方法,在实际教学中取得了好的效果。  相似文献   

Samar i R ros-traktene     

《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(2):87-88

The article explores whether marine biodiversity mappings can contribute to the mapping of the material basis of Sami culture. Four different mapping practices are analysed in the article, all related to the seascape in the Lyngen fjord (Lyngenfjorden) in northern Norway. Initiatives undertaken by the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries and the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) to map cod spawning grounds, and by the Sami Rights Commission (SRC) to map customary use of a fjord are compared with local fishing practices. Although the seascape was initially mapped to find spawning grounds (the IMR and the Directorate) and to record social practices (the Directorate and the SRC), the outcomes also express social relations between the mappers and the mapped materials. Whereas the mappings that included fishermen's relations with fishing grounds are compatible with each other, the marine scientists' mapping documented biodiversity independent of local relations with it. The author argues that the marine environment should be seen as expressing social relations between groups of people and certain materialities instead of as separated in natural and social layers. Thus, even though marine biodiversity mapping practices reveal biodiversity in Sami settlement areas, they inform little about the material basis of Sami culture.  相似文献   

基于WEAP模型的西苕溪流域水质安全保障方案          下载免费PDF全文

李燕  李恒鹏 《水科学进展》2010,21(5):666-673

针对西苕溪流域水质安全问题,基于WEAP建模平台,构建了西苕溪流域水资源评估与规划模型。在模型验证基础上,分析了西苕溪流域2001～2020年河道水功能目标满足度及水供需关系,识别了流域水资源利用存在的问题,并探讨了水源地和中下游区水质安全保障措施及其改善水质的效用,在此基础上提出了西苕溪流域水质安全保障方案。研究表明:TN是影响水源地供水安全的限制性因素,TN、TP是影响河道水功能的重要指标。通过综合实施废水处理厂、节水型设备、退耕还林等水资源管理措施能起到较好地削减TN产出的效果,水源地河道TN浓度降低,基本上能保证全年实现河道Ⅲ类水功能目标,中下游河道TP、TN浓度亦能达到Ⅲ类水功能要求。  相似文献   

Application of the WEPP model for prioritization and evaluation of best management practices in an Indian watershed     

A. Pandey  V. M. Chowdary  B. C. Mal  M. Billib 《水文研究》2009,23(21):2997-3005

The pre‐calibrated and validated physically based watershed model, water erosion prediction project (WEPP) was used as a modelling tool for the identification of critical watersheds and evaluation of best management practices for a small hilly watershed (Karso) of India. The land use/cover of the study area was generated using IRS‐1C LISS‐III (linear imaging self scanner) satellite data. The watershed and sub‐watershed boundaries, drainage, slope and soil map of the study area were generated using ARC/INFO geographic information system (GIS). The WEPP model was finally applied to the Karso watershed which lies within Damodar Barakar catchment of India to identify the critical sub‐watersheds on the basis of their simulated average annual sediment yields. Priorities were fixed on the basis of ranks assigned to each critical sub‐watershed based on the susceptibility to erosion. The sub‐watershed having the highest sediment yield was assigned a priority number 1, the next highest value was assigned a priority number 2, and so on. Subsequently, the model was used for evaluating the effectiveness of best management practices (crop and tillage) for conservation of soil for all the sub‐watersheds. On the basis of this study, it is realized that cash crops like soyabean should be encouraged in the upland portion of the sub‐watersheds, and the existing tillage practice (country plough/mould board plough) may be replaced by a field cultivation system for conservation of soil and water in the sub‐watersheds. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献