地表旋转控制照明叠前深度偏移   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

陈秀梅  王华忠  程玖兵  陈生昌  马在田  胡中标 《地球物理学报》2004,47(2):306-311

基于炮集数据的常规叠前深度偏移波场外推的计算量非常大,控制照明叠前深度偏移是基于快速的组合炮技术,通过在目的层上控制震源波场,高效实现对地质目标的高质量成像. 组合炮所需的合成算子,由在目的层定义的震源波场反向外推到地表建立. 本文提出一种更快速的地表旋转控制照明方法,直接在地表对震源波场进行面向目标的照明控制,实现目标区域高质量成像. 该方法只需对某一核合成算子进行简单的几何旋转建立合成算子函数,避免了复杂的波场外推. 这种新的控制照明方法与快速的一般组合炮偏移效率相同,但对复杂目标区域的成像能力显著增强. 应用本文方法对Marmousi模型进行计算,得到深层复杂构造非常理想的成像结果.  相似文献   

基于Poynting矢量的地震照明分析     

杨弘宇  刘继承  段玉波 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,47(1)

地震照明分析能够定量分析影响逆时偏移成像质量的因素。文章基于Poynting矢量方法进行地震定向照明分析及成像补偿方法研究,利用Poynting矢量进行波场传播角度分解,通过计算不同入射及散射波方向的部分照明建立局部照明矩阵。该矩阵包含了照明分析中波与地质结构相互作用所涉及的所有角度信息,可以方便地分析目标附近所有可能的入射波和散射波对局部照明的贡献。根据局部照明矩阵可以获得对地下结构的照明描述、采集倾角响应,并依此进行成像补偿计算。以SEG/EAGE模型作为数值计算实例,进行基于Poynting矢量的照明分析及成像补偿,有效地提高了成像质量。该方法为角度域逆时偏移成像校正及分辨率分析等提供了高效的处理手段。  相似文献   

Unreciprocated sedimentation along a mud-dominated continental margin,Gulf of Mexico,U.S.A.: Implications for sequence stratigraphy in muddy settings devoid of depositional sequences     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2017

According to widely accepted sequence stratigraphic and fill-and-spill models, sedimentary cyclicity along continental margins is modulated by relative sea-level change, whereas smaller-scale intraslope accommodation is controlled by the filling of pre-existing bathymetric depressions. Although these concepts are presumed to apply to shelf-to-slope settings regardless of grain size, we have tested both hypotheses in the mud-prone lower Pliocene to Holocene of offshore Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico, and reach different conclusions. We determine that over the last ∼3.7 Myr, differential accumulation and accompanying salt tectonism dislocated the fine-grained shelf and slope, prevented the development of sedimentary reciprocity at 10–100 kyr time scales, and inhibited fill-and-spill accumulation. We show that only 3% of “lowstand” mass transport deposits can be correlated to low stands in relative sea level, whereas approximately 30% of the deposits are related to transgressions and high stands; the remaining 67% are poorly constrained. Mass transport deposits also show no clear evidence of up-section increases in bypass. Based on our results, we conclude that the dominant control on stratigraphic architecture in offshore Louisiana was not relative sea-level change or patterns of accommodation, but rather differential deposition and concomitant salt-related subsidence, which controlled the distribution of facies, timing and location of mass transport deposits, and rates of sediment accumulation. Our conclusions highlight the importance of sediment supply and local tectonism, and caution against a priori use of conventional sequence stratigraphic and fill-and-spill models to decipher the stratigraphic evolution of actively-deforming mud-dominated continental margins. We therefore recommend treating stratigraphic models as testable hypotheses, rather than as methods of interpretation, particularly in fine-grained areas devoid of well-developed depositional sequences and in settings lacking intraslope ponded-to-perched accumulations.  相似文献   

遥感影像定向光照增强及构造解译     

吴文渊  沈晓华  邹乐君  苏楠  孔凡立  董有浦 《遥感学报》2012,16(3):611-624

多光谱假彩色合成遥感影像已经广泛应用于线性构造解译,受构造应力场制约,区域构造均具有显著的定向性,当卫星影像拍摄时光照方向与区域线性构造方向不能匹配时,构造特征常常不能很好显示,从而影响解译效果。文章提出一种利用数字高程模型模拟特定方向光照模型增强多光谱影像的新方法,用垂直于解译目标的最佳光照模型替代原光照模型以增强区域构造线性特征,同一地区对不同方向的构造解译采用了不同方向的光照模型,有效提高了线性构造信息的可解译程度。以四川盆地西侧的龙门山以南地区为例,进行了断裂构造的遥感解译,对该区地震研究和油气勘探工作具有参考意义。  相似文献   

外界因素对条斑紫菜体细胞分化发育的影响——Ⅰ. 温度、光强实验     

何培民  王素娟 《海洋科学》1991,(4)

本实验利用酶解技术得到单个体细胞,较详细地研究了不同温度、光照强度对体细胞分化发育的影响,从而确定出体细胞培养的最佳条件,为进一步利用条斑紫菜体细胞育苗这一新技术打下了基础。  相似文献   

Solution of moving-load-induced soil vibrations based on the Betti–Rayleigh Dynamic Reciprocal Theorem     

Y.M. Cao  H. Xia  G. Lombaert 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010

Based on the Betti–Rayleigh Dynamic Reciprocal Theorem, the reciprocal property of the Green's functions is demonstrated, on the basis of which the analytical solution of soil vibration subjected to moving loads is derived. By application of the Betti–Rayleigh Dynamic Reciprocal Theorem, the moving source problem is converted to the fixed source problem with receiver point moving in opposite direction, which greatly simplifies the complex analytical solution of soil/ground vibration induced by a moving load. A computer code for solving the ground responses subjected to the moving constant load and harmonic load is developed via MATLAB and is employed to perform a case study. The analyzed results show that the ground vibration induced by moving constant load is of typical low-frequency feature; the frequency range of ground vibration is controlled by the Rayleigh's wave velocity of the top layer soil; when the receiver nears the source path, the R-wave contributes to the ground vibration more than the P-wave and the S-wave; while when the receiver is far from the source path, the contribution of the P-wave is more obvious.  相似文献   

可控震源定向照明方法的仿真研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

杨冬  姜弿 《地球物理学进展》2008,23(3):822-825

当野外噪声很强,即使使用组合震源地震也无法获得满意信噪比的地震数据时,本文提出了一种基于可控震源阵列的定向照明控制方法,采用该方法可形成定向地震波.通过仿真研究合成了8激震器可控震源阵列分别采用简单组合及定向照明技术得到的单炮地震记录,可以看出采用合适的延时参数,定向照明单炮地震记录的反射波信噪比高于组合地震情况.定量的计算结果表明,实验条件下采用0.89 ms延时参数,各反射波信噪比分别提高了10.19 dB,3.23 dB和1.02 dB.由此可见,可控震源定向照明地震技术是一种提高原始地震资料信噪比的有效方法.  相似文献   

梅山龙宫景观资源及其照明设计   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

孙成国  张远海  韩道山 《中国岩溶》2004,23(2):121-127

本文通过对梅山龙宫地下河洞穴系统空间、水体、次生化学沉积物的调查,揭示了该洞穴“险、幽、秀、奇”的景观资源特征。针对游览洞穴开发应遵循的原则,提出了洞穴的照明设计应遵循“自然、艺术、协调、安全、特色”基本原则,并论述了洞穴照明设计理念,即景区设计理念在于使洞穴空间得到艺术性体现,景点设计在于对景点形态进行艺术造型。此外,该文还论述了运用照明技法在梅山龙宫中的应用。   相似文献   

Optimization of laboratory illumination in optical dating     

《Quaternary Geochronology》2017

As part of the development of new laboratory lighting, we present a methodological approach applicable to the characterization of any light source intended for illumination in optical dating laboratories. We derive optical absorption cross-sections for quartz and feldspar from published data and compare these with the human eye response. The optimum peak wavelength giving the best clarity for non-dark adapted vision for the least trapped charge loss lies within the wavelength range 590–630 nm; we argue that it is unnecessary to consider dark-adapted vision. The predicted relative decay rates of quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and feldspar infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals by an incandescent light bulb and a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) through an ILFORD 902 filter are first derived. These predicted decay rates are then compared with those of three relevant light-emitting diodes (LEDs); this comparison demonstrates the significant advantage of the LED sources over the filtered light sources, because essentially all of the reduction of both OSL and IRSL signals by the LEDs occurs at wavelengths to which the human eye is most sensitive. We conclude that exposure of quartz and feldspar extracts from various samples to the light from an LED with emission peak at 594 nm results in a ≤1% OSL or IRSL signal loss for a 48-h exposure at a power density of ∼0.2 μW.cm⁻².  相似文献   

Design,modelling and imaging of marine seismic swarm surveys          下载免费PDF全文

Everhard Muyzert 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(8):1535-1547

Autonomous marine vehicles instrumented with seismic sensors allow for new efficient seismic survey designs. One such design is the swarm survey, where a group, or swarm, of slow moving autonomous marine vehicles record seismic data from shots fired by a source vessel sailing around circles within the swarm. The size of the swarm is dictated by the maximum offset requirement of the survey, and it can be shaped to acquire wide‐ and full‐azimuth data. The swarm survey design equation describes the relationship between the source and receiver positions of the survey and the subsurface coverage or fold. It is used to adapt the swarm to the seismic survey requirements and to calculate survey duration time estimates as function of available equipment. It is shown that a survey conducted by a slowly moving swarm requires six times fewer shots than an equivalent seabed node survey conducted over 85.5 km². Swarm surveys can also be adapted to efficiently conduct infill surveys and replace multi‐vessel undershoots. The efficiency of the survey can further be increased when the autonomous marine vehicles are towing short streamers with multiple receivers. Synthetic tests show that the seismic images for swarm surveys are comparable to those from streamer surveys, while little variation in image quality is found when reducing the number of autonomous marine vehicles but equipping them with a short streamer with multiple receivers.  相似文献