饶河地区大岭桥组沉积环境恢复及其地质意义     

于健  郭巍  王少华  林斌 《世界地质》2015,34(1):113-119

饶河地区以大面积发育的深海相地层为特征,主要由含放射虫的深海硅质岩和铁镁质--超铁镁质杂岩组成。在饶河地区野外研究工作中发现大岭桥组剖面中出露灰绿色泥岩、粉砂质泥岩夹紫红色泥岩岩性组合,该地层与完达山造山带深海相混杂岩特征明显不同。通过大岭桥组泥岩元素地球化学分析,恢复了大岭桥组沉积时期古环境,并探讨了其成因意义。根据Sr/Ba、B/Ga比值以及B含量特征认为大岭桥组具有陆相淡水沉积特征;Fe3+/Fe2+、Cu/Zn、V/Cr比值表明古环境条件为氧化条件;Sr/Cu、Fe/Mn比值及Ti含量特征指示气候条件温暖湿润。研究结果表明,这套地层不属于洋壳性质的外来地体,而是佳木斯地块东缘的沉积层系。  相似文献   

中钢澳大利亚 Carpentaria 锰矿矿权区 ASTEＲ数据蚀变信息提取研究     

石玉龙  林子瑜 《世界地质》2015,34(2):543-550

应用 ASTEＲ 多光谱卫星遥感数据,根据与锰矿相关的蚀变矿物光谱特征,采用主成份分析算法,提取了中钢集团所属的澳大利亚 Carpentaria 锰矿矿权区铁染、羟基、碳酸盐化、锰和硅化的蚀变信息。ASTEＲ 数据在锰矿化蚀变信息提取中能更好的识别不同类型含羟基蚀变矿物,能更好的提取含三价 Fe 离子的蚀变信息及锰矿物蚀变信息。对这些蚀变信息进行深入分析将有助于矿权区锰矿地质研究和勘查目标的确定。  相似文献   

An algorithm for multi-exponential inversion of T2spectrum in nuclear magnetic resonance     

HAN Chunjiang  ＲEN Li  WANG Zhuwen 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,17(2):105-109

NMＲ logging can provide the permeability parameter and abundant stratigraphical information such as total porosity,oil,gas and water saturation,oil viscosity,etc． And these physical parameters can be ob- tained by T2spectrum inversion． NMＲ inversion is an important part in logging interpretation． The authors de- scribe a multi-exponential inversion algorithm,solid iteration redress technique (SIＲT),and apply the algo- rithm in real data and compare the results with those based on singular value decomposition (SVD)． It shows that SIＲT algorithm is easier to be understood and implemented,and the time spent in SIＲT is much shorter than that of SVD algorithm． And the non-negative property of T2spectrum is much easier to be implemented． It can match the results based on SVD very well． SIＲT algorithm can be used in T2spectrum inversion for NMＲ analysis．  相似文献   

Use of magnetic measures to assess soil redistribution following deforestation in hilly region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Parisa Mokhtari Karchegani  Shamsollah Ayoubi  Sheng Gao Lu  Naser Honarju 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,75(2):227-236

Limited information is available about the use of magnetic susceptibility property to determine soil redistribution in hilly areas of the semi-arid regions. This study was conducted to evaluate the use of magnetic properties to determine soil redistribution along a hill slope following deforestation. The study area is located in the Quaternary hilly region of Lordegan district in west Iran. Ten transects were established in two land uses that included natural Querqus forested and cultivated lands. Soil samples were collected at different positions along the slope and magnetic properties (χlf, χhf, SIRM, ARM, and χfd) and selected physico-chemical properties were determined. The results (based on the χfd, SIRM/ARM) showed that the magnetic susceptibly in the calcareous materials is pre-dominantly derived during the pedogenic processes and the superparamagnetic particles which were transported to lower positions of hill slope following deforestation. The results confirmed that this methodology could be applied for monitoring soil redistribution along the slope in calcareous hilly areas in the semi-arid regions.  相似文献   

大兴安岭中南段塔尔气地区满克头鄂博组流纹岩年代学和地球化学研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

张超  杨伟红  和钟铧  吴浩  吴庆 《世界地质》2014,33(2):255-265

对出露在大兴安岭中南段塔尔气地区的满克头鄂博组的流纹岩进行了详细的年代学和地球化学研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,流纹岩形成于143～141 Ma,时代为早白垩世早期,而不是以前认为的晚侏罗世。地球化学特征表明该时期流纹岩属高钾钙碱性过铝质岩石,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾形式,(La/Yb)N=2.55～12.82,具有明显负Eu异常。原始地幔标准化图解显示大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Th、U、K、Pb的富集及高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti、P的强烈亏损,这是壳源岩浆的特征。流纹岩锆石εHf(t)=+4.6～+10.9,二阶段Hf模式年龄为501～905 Ma,反应其源区物质主要为早古生代—新元古代时期增生的年轻地壳物质。满克头鄂博组流纹岩形成于造山后伸展环境,可能与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的岩石圈伸展作用相关。  相似文献   

改进 GＲNN 网络预测致密砂岩气层压裂产能     

蒋必辞  潘保芝  庄华  张海涛  杨小明  陈刚 《世界地质》2014,33(2):471-476

致密砂岩储层孔隙度小、渗透率低、含气饱和度低,基本上没有自然产能,需要进行压裂,所以压裂产能的预测很重要。广义回归神经网络 ( GＲNN) 稳定,对样本数量的要求低。产能预测关键是样本的选取以及扩展因子的选取。在原有的 GＲNN 预测产能的基础上,利用交叉验证法改进 GＲNN 网络,选取最优的样本确定最优的 GＲNN 网络结构,利用循环判断法,选取最优的扩展因子。改进的 GＲNN 神经网络可以避免确定 GＲNN 网络结构和扩展因子过程中过多的人为影响。笔者利用灰色关联分析法分析压裂产能的影响因素,利用改进的 GＲNN 网络有针对性地建立适合苏里格地区致密砂岩气层的压裂产能预测模型。结果表明该方法在苏里格地区气层压裂产能预测中有较好的应用效果。  相似文献   

圆弧状凹陷地形在平面SH波入射下的动力响应：高频解答   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨彩红 《震灾防御技术》2009,4(2):158-166

利用波函数的Fourier-Bessel级数展开法和外域型Graf加法公式,推导了圆弧状凹陷地形对平面SH波二维散射问题的解析解。与现有其他解析解不同的是,该解析解的获得无须求解线性方程组,从而避免了高频波入射下方程组系数矩阵可能出现的病态问题。因此,既使在入射波频率很高的情况下,该解析解也能够收敛。利用该解,在一个非常宽的频带范围内讨论了凹陷地形的几何形状对地面运动的影响。  相似文献   

SH波场中完全匹配层吸收边界研究(英文)   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

刘炯  马坚伟  杨慧珠 《应用地球物理》2009,6(3):267-274

无限域中的波动方程数值模拟往往需要稳定有效的吸收边界来消除人为边界截断所引起的虚假反射.本文首先写出了全匹配层(PML)内SH波的波动方程推导结果,并给出了方程的Crank-Nicolson计算格式与其中窄间导数2阶,6阶,10阶精度的有限差分算法以及伪谱法算法.然后设计了均匀各向同性介质模型和分层溶洞模型并引入图像处理中的信噪比(SNR)概念来定量研究边界吸收效果同PML宽度、不同精度算法的关系.数值结果表明当匹配层宽度比较薄时可以用低精度的有限差格式来获得比较好的吸收效果,当匹配层比较宽时,采用高精度的算法可以获得很好的吸收效果.最后对"反射系数"进行了讨论,指出"反射系数"的不足和文中用SNR来定量衡量吸收边界  相似文献   

Effect of underground cavities on surface earthquake ground motion under SH wave propagation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

C. Smerzini  J. Avilés  R. Paolucci  F. J. Sánchez‐Sesma 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(12):1441-1460

A theoretical approach is presented to study the antiplane seismic response of underground structures, subjected to the incidence of both plane and cylindrical waves. The structure is assumed to be a circular inclusion embedded in a homogenous, isotropic and linear visco‐elastic halfspace. The inclusion may consist either of a cavity, with or without a ring‐shaped boundary, or it may be filled in with a linear‐elastic material, without loss of generality. The analytical solution is obtained using expansions of wave functions in terms of Bessel and Hankel functions, relying on the technique of images and the use of Graf's addition theorem to enforce the boundary conditions. The effects of underground cavities on surface earthquake ground motion are studied as a function of the size of the cavity, its embedment depth, the frequency content of the excitation, the incidence angle and the distance from the axis of symmetry of the cavity itself. A simple application of Rayleigh's method allows us to verify that the ground surface response is dominated by the fundamental vibration mode of the portion of soil between the cavity and ground surface itself, in the frequency range of interest for engineering purposes. A simple relationship to estimate the fundamental natural frequency as a function of the embedment depth of the cavity is given. Finally, amplification factors on response spectra are obtained, to provide a practical insight into the effect of an underground cavity on surface ground motion during real earthquakes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

岩溶地区复杂条件下的浅层地震方法应用研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

甘伏平  马祖陆  喻立平 《地质与勘探》2005,41(3):75-78

地震记录质量的好坏极大地影响地震方法解释的可靠程度.在岩溶地区复杂地质条件下,为了获取高质量的记录,合理地选择地震方法,合适地布置测线,尽一切努力来压制干扰,是取得探测成功的关键.探测实例表明,在覆盖层厚度不超过20m的条件下,浅层地震反射法、折射法联合探测可获得良好的地质效果.作为一种有效的探查技术,等偏移横波(SH)反射法具有探测迅速,易于探测土洞、地下岩溶裂隙带的特点.  相似文献