海堤施工中软土地基沉降计算分析     

孟光青  程鹏 《岩土工程技术》2012,26(4):208-211

从剖析沉降固结的概念,探讨常规沉降计算公式的适用性出发,对照海堤工程实践中暴露出来的问题,指出软基筑堤工程实践中沉降计算分析的注意事项和建议,以起到抛砖引玉的效果。  相似文献   

盾构过富水砂层对地表建筑物影响的研究     

刘国楠  张远荣  肖文海 《地震工程学报》2011,33(3):243-248

结合深圳地铁2号线盾构过富水砂层施工实际,考虑流-固藕合水土本构关系,用FLAC3D软件建立了盾构施工数值分析模型。计算结果与工程实测数据对比验证了数值模型的合理性。进一步研究了盾构过富水砂层对地表不同位置建筑的影响:建筑物基础在隧道正上方时产生沉降最大且较均匀,水平位移最小;盾构机开挖下穿时建筑物差异沉降最大,建筑物倾向盾构开挖方向;建筑物基础横向上离隧道中心一倍隧道埋深时,建筑物水平移动最大,易受剪切破坏,倾向垂直盾构开挖方向,周边地表沉降差最大;建筑物离隧道中心横向距离超过两倍隧道埋深时,盾构开挖对建筑物基础沉降的影响较小,建筑物沉降与其周边地表沉降较均匀。  相似文献   

不同压实度下红层泥岩路堤沉降研究     

刘俊新  谢强  白明志  邱恩喜 《工程地质学报》2006,14(5):683-688

压实系数是控制路堤填筑的关键性指标。本文通过分析不同压实系数下的强度特点以及通过离心试验和有限元对不同压实系数路堤沉降的模拟,得到粘聚力c值和摩擦角与不同压实系数的关系以及不同压实系数下路堤沉降的特点,为路堤填筑提供了重要的依据。  相似文献   

白脊藤壶(Balanus albicostatus)应用于天然海洋防污产物筛选模型的研究     

冯丹青  柯才焕  卢昌义  李少菁 《海洋与湖沼》2008,39(4)

采用生态学单因子梯度试验方法,进行了白脊藤壶金星幼体的室内培养以及附着基、温度、盐度、幼体密度和幼体低温保存时间等因子分别对白脊藤壶金星幼体附着的影响的研究,结果表明,在培养水体为水温25℃、盐度30的膜滤海水,幼体培养密度为1只/ml,饵料为牟氏角毛藻,投饵量为(0.75-5)×10 5 cells/ml的培养条件下,白脊藤壶无节幼体在培养4天后即大部分顺利发育至金星幼体阶段,实现了白脊藤壶金星幼体在实验室内的大量培养.另一方面,实验结果还表明,在白脊藤壶金星幼体附着抑制实验中,玻璃培养皿和聚苯乙烯六孔板都可采用作为附着基,温度、盐度、幼体密度及幼体低温保存时间的适宜范围分别为20-35℃、15-45、1-20只/ml和0-8天.本研究结果揭示了白脊藤壶可作为筛选天然海洋防污产物的模型生物,并确定了其基础实验条件的适宜范围.  相似文献   

虾池纳潮期日本刺沙蚕幼虫数量及其沉降的研究   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

张志南  于子山  段榕琦  孙文林  王连华  王道本 《海洋与湖沼》1994,25(3):248-258

于1992年2月27日－5月30日在文登市高岛盐场养虾场，对日本刺沙蚕（卵、各期胚胎和幼虫）的纳潮数量和幼虫的沉降进行现场调查和实验研究。结果表明，对养虾生产有意义的纳潮期有3个。3月上旬的新月潮，持续12d，数量为（25－50）×103个／m3，主要组成是受精卵、各期胚胎和担轮幼虫。3月甲旬的满月潮持续7d，数量为（2－5）×103个／m3。4月上旬的新月潮持续8d，数量为（2－3．5）×103个／m3。纳潮量与潮汐关系密切，但与平均潮高无显著的相关。各潮期的纳潮数量比应是4：4：2。对16个纳潮虾池测试的平均沉降量为4492个／m2。据现场调查和实验研究，日本刺沙蚕幼虫的沉降期可划为暂时沉降（5－6刚节）和变态沉降（7—10刚节）。出现暂时沉降（4月15日以后），便可执行纳潮后的排水等虾池早期管理。纳潮的定量监测方法简单、快速和准确，可用来指导虾池的纳潮。  相似文献   

Differential recruitment of introduced Pacific oysters and native mussels at the North Sea coast: coexistence possible?   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

Susanne Diederich 《Journal of Sea Research》2005,53(4):269-281

Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg 1793) have been introduced into the Wadden Sea (North Sea), where they settle on native mussel beds (Mytilus edulis L.), which represent the only extensive insular hard substrata in this soft-sediment environment. As abundances of C. gigas rose, some mussel beds became increasingly overgrown with oysters, whereas others did not. Field experiments revealed that recruitment of C. gigas was higher in the lower intertidal than in the upper subtidal zone, that it was higher on conspecifics than on mussels, and that it was not affected by barnacle epigrowth except when settling on mussels. Mussel recruitment is known from inter- and subtidal zones. It occurred equally on oyster and mussel shells but showed a clear preference for barnacle epigrowth over clean shells. Assuming that settlement and recruitment are key processes for species abundances on the North Sea coast, it is predicted that the positive feedback in oyster settlement will lead to rapid reef formation of this invader at the expense of mussel beds. Mussels, however, may escape competitive exclusion by settling between or on the larger oysters especially when barnacles are abundant. Experimental patches with mussels were more often covered by fucoid algae (Fucus vesiculosus forma mytili Nienburg) than patches with oysters, and oyster recruitment was poor underneath such algal canopies. Thus, fucoids may provide the native mussels with a refuge from the invading oysters and the two bivalves may coexist, provided food is not limiting.  相似文献   

The influence of environmental factors on the abundance and recruitment of the sand crab Emerita analoga (Stimpson 1857): Source–sink dynamics?     

《Marine environmental research》2013

The sandcrab Emerita analoga is the dominant species inhabiting sandy beaches along the Pacific coast of the American continent. In our study, 10 sandy beaches were sampled seasonally from 2006 to 2011, including coastal planktonic sampling from 2006 to 2008. Two major population cores were detected, the first one in the northern part of the study area and the second in the area immediately to the south of the Itata River mouth. Zoeal stages were found along the entire coastal zone. Highest densities and recruitment were found during spring and summer of each year. PLS regression indicated that source–sink habitat proxies correlated positively with morphodynamic parameters; while beach slope and total organic matter were negatively correlated. These results agree with the source–sink hypothesis, finding higher densities of adults, recruits and cohort recurrence on open coast beaches with milder physical dynamics. Furthermore, a hypoxic event and a mega-earthquake/tsunami negatively affected recruitment at the inter-annual scale.  相似文献   

基于ArcView GIS的沉降观测数据三维分析研究     

张海龙 《城市地质》2010,5(3):32-38

本文在了解国内外沉降观测研究现状的基础上,从变形观测的理论出发,探求提高沉降观测操作的质量,并结合亚奥国家广场建筑物沉降观测实例,对测量所得到的沉降监测数据进行科学整理。文章从理论分析入手,结合沉降观测收集数据,然后在相关理论支持下进行监测数据的分析。在数据分析过程中,着重运用GIS软件实现沉降的三维模拟,并绘制沉降等值线,直接、美观的再现了沉降的过程。经过分析,得出亚奥国际广场建筑物沉降状况的合理性,并提出了提高沉降观测质量、科学整理数据和成果分析的相关建议。  相似文献   

杭州某顶管下穿钱江二桥的施工影响分析     

吕斌 《中国勘察设计》2010,(3):58-61

杭州某污水处理厂双线圆形管道拟采用顶管隧道施工方案,分别用plaxis软件进行有限元分析和经验法计算得到顶管隧道穿越钱江二桥铁路桥梁引起的地面变形、桩基变形、桩基承载力影响大小数据。结果证明顶管穿越铁路桥,对桥梁影响较小。  相似文献   

滨海地区吹填土地基加固处理差异性分析     

张宇亭  董海军 《岩土工程技术》2010,24(6):312-314

滨海地区的围海造陆工程,多以海中泥沙直接吹填至造陆区域。由于吹填土质不均,在加固过程中,易引起吹填土地基沉降、孔隙水压力、土体强度等指标变化的差异性。文中分析了造成这种差异性的原因以及土体指标变化的规律性,并针对这种情况,提出了处理的建议。  相似文献