新疆西准噶尔北部赛尔山地区早志留世流纹斑岩成因及其大地构造意义     

杨亚琦  赵磊  郑荣国  徐芹芹 《岩石矿物学杂志》2018,37(6):901-916

在新疆西准噶尔北部的赛尔山地区识别出早志留世喷发的流纹斑岩底垫侵入到和布克赛尔蛇绿混杂带内。流纹斑岩具有高Si O2(70. 88%～73. 36%)、Al2O3(14. 30%～15. 31%)和极低的MgO(0. 36%～1. 09%)含量,同时,还具有中-高的Sr含量(130×10-6～527×10-6)、高的Sr/Y(22. 26～78. 42)和(La/Yb)N(20. 27～24. 24)值及低的重稀土元素含量。此外,流纹斑岩与谢米斯台山北缘早志留世-早泥盆世埃达克质岩都具有正高的εHf(t)值和年轻的Hf模式年龄,同时它们还具有较高的K2O含量、较低的Mg#值和低的Cr、Ni等相容元素含量,认为它们均形成于年轻下地壳的部分熔融。在早奥陶世—早泥盆世,西准噶尔北部可能经历过洋内俯冲、弧-弧碰撞、洋盆闭合和碰撞后伸展阶段的构造演化过程,其中,早志留世之前洋盆已经闭合,随后西准噶尔北部逐渐进入碰撞后松弛期,幔源物质向下地壳渗透,与新生不久的下地壳发生混合形成岩浆池,岩浆通过多通道、多层次的复杂渠道到达中上部地壳,从而形成大量435～400 Ma的A2型和I型花岗岩以及少量埃达克质的中酸性岩浆岩,完成了大规模的地壳垂向增生过程。  相似文献   

全球大陆板内玄武岩数据的初步研究          下载免费PDF全文

王一鹏  杜雪亮  杜君  王金荣 《甘肃地质》2018,(1):12-18

大陆板内玄武岩(ICB)是产自于大陆内部、不包括大陆溢流玄武岩和大陆裂谷玄武岩且规模比较小的玄武岩。本文依据全球数据库资料,对大陆板内玄武岩进行研究,详细介绍了研究方法、数据清洗过程以及数据处理过程,并在此基础上探讨了新生代ICB的时空分布特征,同时着重研究了大陆板内玄武岩的源区性质、源区物质的熔融深度以及在上升过程中与地壳的混染程度。  相似文献   

The Diversity of Organic Matter in Marine Sediments and the Suspiciousness of Source Parameters: A Review     

Hailun Wei  Jingong Cai  Guoli Wang  Xuejun Wang 《地球科学进展》2018,33(10):1024-1033

There are various types of Organic Matter (OM) in marine sediments, and it is of great significance to accurately estimate the source of them. The methods used in most researches include element ratio (C/N), stable isotopes (δ¹³C) and biomarkers (BIT), all of which are used for the whole sample as objects and calculated by end-member of terrestrial and marine source OM, respectively. However, OM is preserved in different ways, such as on its own recalcitrance or combining with inorganic minerals. Preservation differences make their respective parameter values change. After differential sedimentary by gravity or other factors,different preservation types of OM are enriched or dispersed, making some parameters distorted and even meaningless in some areas. Therefore, the parameters of OM measured by the whole sample are influenced by the source of OM and the way of deposition and preservation. Therefore, it is unreliable to use these parameters to study the source of OM without considering the way of preservation. Based on this, this paper put forward a method of particle separation to separate the sediment in different propertied and preservation types. According to the composition and characteristics of the OM at the specific grain level, the corresponding index and end-members value were used to calculate more accurate proportion of the OM. It is of profound significance to understand the production, aggregation, occurrence, migration and deposition of OM and its evolution in the entire carbon cycle.  相似文献   

Petro Gram: An excel-based petrology program for modeling of magmatic processes     

Mesut Gündüz  Kürsad Asan 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(1):81-92

Petro Gram is an Excel?based magmatic petrology program that generates numerical and graphical models.Petro Gram can model the magmatic processes such as melting,crystallization,assimilation and magma mixing based on the trace element and isotopic data.The program can produce both inverse and forward geochemical models for melting processes(e.g.forward model for batch,fractional and dynamic melting,and inverse model for batch and dynamic melting).However,the program uses a forward modeling approach for magma differentiation processes such as crystallization(EC:Equilibruim Crystallization,FC:Fractional Crystallization,IFC:Imperfect Fractional Crystallization and In-situ Crystallization),assimilation(AFC:Assimilation Fractional Crystallization,Decoupled FC-A:Decoupled Fractional Crystallization and Assimillation,A-IFC:Assimilation and Imperfect Fractional Crystallization)and magma mixing.One of the most important advantages of the program is that the melt composition obtained from any partial melting model can be used as a starting composition of the crystallization,assimilation and magma mixing.In addition,Petro Gram is able to carry out the classification,tectonic setting,multi-element(spider)and isotope correlation diagrams,and basic calculations including Mg^#,Eu/Eu^*,εSrandεNdwidely used in magmatic petrology.  相似文献   

Determination of hydrocarbon generation potential of a non-isothermal pyrolysis of Faraghun and Sarchahan Formations in Coastal Fars and the Persian Gulf,Iran     

《China Geology》2021,4(4):644-657

Source rock assessment is a key step in any petroleum exploration activity. The results of Rock-Eval analysis showed that Sarchahan Formation was in the late oil window, while the Faraghun and Zakeen Formations were just in the early stages of the oil window. Furthermore, Sarchahan, Zakeen and Faraghun Formations exhibited different kerogen types (types-Ⅱ, types-Ⅲ and type-Ⅲ, respectively). Refining the kinetic parameters using the OPTKIN software, the error function returned error values below 0.1, indicating accurate optimization of the kinetic parameters. Based on the obtained values of activation energy, it was clear that Sarchahan Formation contained type-Ⅱ kerogen with an activation energy of 48–52 kcal/mol, while Zakeen and Faraghun Formations contained type-III kerogen with activation energies of 70–80 kcal/mol and 44–56 kcal/mol, respectively. The geographical distribution of the samples studied in this work, it was found that the organic matter (OM) quantity and quality increased as one moved toward the Coastal Fars in Sarchahan Formation. The same trend was observed as one moved from the southern coasts of Iran toward the shaly and coaly portions of Faraghun Formation in the center of the Persian Gulf.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

应用于月壤取样钻具的激光选区熔化研究综述          下载免费PDF全文

黄西娜  王少峰  丁首斌 《探矿工程》2021,48(3):31-38

综述了月球钻探取样钻具的发展现状,金属三维点阵的轻量化以及激光选区熔化制造技术的基本方法和优势。基于激光选区熔化制备技术提出了将三维空间点阵结构应用于月球钻探取样钻具的轻量化,讨论了点阵结构的钻具对于月球钻进过程的适应性并展望了轻量化月球取样钻具方面的发展趋势。分析认为,利用激光选区熔化技术制备的三维点阵结构在月壤取样钻具方面具有很大的应用潜力。  相似文献   

冈底斯岩浆弧东段沉积岩的晚白垩世变质作用及其构造意义     

李中尧  丁慧霞  袁玥  张泽明 《岩石学报》2021,37(11):3445-3463

位于青藏高原南部的冈底斯岩浆弧形成于中生代新特提斯洋俯冲过程中,并在印度与欧亚大陆碰撞过程中叠加了新生代岩浆作用和变质作用。冈底斯岩浆弧东段出露的中、新生代变质岩是研究其深部组成与形成演化的理想窗口。本文对冈底斯东段米林田兴村地区的变沉积岩,即石榴夕线黑云片岩、含石榴钙硅酸盐岩、黑云斜长片麻岩和大理岩进行了岩石学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究。研究结果表明,石榴夕线黑云片岩由夕线石、黑云母、石榴石、斜长石、钾长石、石英和钛铁矿组成,经历了中压麻粒岩相变质作用,变质条件为810~820℃和6.4~7.8kbar。锆石年代学研究表明,石榴夕线黑云片岩、含石榴钙硅酸盐岩和大理岩经历了87~83Ma的变质作用。本文和现有研究表明,冈底斯弧东段林芝和米林地区的高压麻粒岩相变质岩分布区代表该岩浆弧的下地壳,而包括本文研究点在内的中压麻粒岩相到角闪岩相变质岩分布区为其中地壳组成部分。本文认为晚白垩世大体积幔源岩浆的注入和随后的新特提斯大洋岩石圈平俯冲,导致了冈底斯岩浆弧地壳的生长、加厚和底冲,使上地壳的沉积岩和岩浆岩运移到中-下地壳,并经历了高温变质与部分熔融,形成了分布在上地壳的花岗岩。这表明岩浆弧的新生地壳在晚白垩世新特提斯洋俯冲过程中发生了再造。以长英质岩石为主的表壳岩进入深地壳很可能是岩浆弧中-下地壳由基性转变成中性成分的重要方式。  相似文献   

贵州竹林沟锗锌矿床碳酸盐矿物学和矿物化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨智谋  周家喜  罗开  杨德智  余杰  周发朝 《岩石学报》2021,37(9):2743-2760

以碳酸盐岩为容矿岩石的后生热液铅锌矿床(Mississippi Valley-type,MVT矿床)是世界上一种重要的铅锌矿床类型,也是锗的重要工业来源之一。热液碳酸盐矿物是MVT矿床中最主要的脉石矿物,其形成贯穿整个MVT矿床成矿过程。因此,碳酸盐矿物携带丰富的成矿信息,是认识MVT矿床成因的重要补充。位于贵州省贵定县境内的竹林沟锗锌矿床,是近年来新发现的富锗锌矿床(平均品位97.9×10~(-6)Ge,6.54%Zn),赋存于泥盆系碳酸盐岩中。本次工作发现该矿床不同期次热液白云石的矿物学和微量元素地球化学特征存在明显差异:成矿期前白云石(Dol1)主要呈细脉状穿插围岩,被成矿期白云石和硫化物脉穿插,部分呈细粒状被后期白云石包裹;成矿早期白云石(Dol2)主要呈粗粒状,与闪锌矿共生;主成矿期白云石(Dol3)主要呈脉状、团块状,与闪锌矿和黄铁矿共生;成矿晚期白云石(Dol4)呈团块状充填于闪锌矿矿石或者围岩中;成矿期后白云石(Dol5)呈脉状穿插或包裹其它期次白云石/闪锌矿-黄铁矿条带。C-O同位素研究表明,成矿期白云石主要来源于碳酸盐围岩的溶解,成矿流体中的C来源于围岩,而较低的δ~(18)O值可能是亏损~(18)O的成矿流体和围岩间水/岩反应过程中O同位素发生交换的结果。激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS)白云石原位微量元素分析结果表明,Dol2-Dol4的Y/Ho比值相对稳定(30.5～47.9),结合区域成矿特征,认为形成成矿期白云石的流体主要为盆地卤水,与该矿床属于MVT矿床事实吻合。Dol1和Dol5具有相对较低的稀土总量(∑REE=3.97×10~(-6)～29.7×10~(-6)),很可能与白云岩围岩(∑REE=25.2×10~(-6)～61.3×10~(-6))溶解作用有关,直接继承围岩的稀土元素组成特征;成矿期Dol2-Dol4的∑REE较高(∑REE=39.2×10~(-6)～117×10~(-6)),暗示成矿流体本身也携带了部分稀土元素。成矿各期次白云石均具有明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.38～0.72)特征,指示成矿温度可能较高( 200℃),Ce正异常相对稳定(δCe=1.10～1.28),暗示其成矿流体pH值保持弱酸性。综上,本文认为竹林沟锗锌矿床的形成经历如下过程:在伸展背景下,深循环盆地卤水萃取下伏地层和基底岩石中的Zn、Ge和REE等元素,形成富金属流体,受构造作用驱动沿区域性断裂不断向上运移,在赋矿层位与富硫流体发生混合作用,导致闪锌矿等硫化物沉淀;在整个成矿过程,成矿环境经历了还原→氧化的转变,成矿元素发生了共生分异,在竹林沟形成富锗锌矿体,在牛角塘形成富镉锌矿体,而pH始终保持弱酸性,直至被围岩碳酸盐岩中和。  相似文献   

格陵兰岛冰盖消融时空特征(2003~2015年)及其对海平面上升的贡献          下载免费PDF全文

彭桢燃  胡正旺  王林松  陈超  付争妍 《地球科学》2021,46(2):743-758

研究格陵兰冰盖（GrIS）质量变化异常速率可以帮助了解异常气候事件驱动海平面变化的机制.聚焦于2010~2012年GrIS质量变化的异常速率,及其对海平面指纹（SLF）和相对海平面（RSL）变化的贡献.通过联合2003~2015年GRACE月重力场数据和表面质量平衡（SMB）数据,采用mascon拟合法及网格尺度因子恢复泄漏,获得了6个流域的质量变化时空分布.基于海平面变化方程（SLE）并考虑负荷自吸引效应估算了SLF的空间分布.结果表明,2003~2015年间GrIS总质量变化速率分别为-288±7 Gt/a及-275±1 Gt/a;而在2010~2012年间速率相应地增加至-456±30 Gt/a及-464±38 Gt/a,该时期格陵兰西北海岸及东南沿海地区呈现出大量冰盖融化,其对海平面的贡献变化呈现倒“V”型（即先升后降）,而全球平均海平面变化呈现出明显的正“V”型（即先降后升）.另外,GrIS融化对海平面的贡献约为31%,造成全球平均RSL增加了0.07 cm/a,而对斯堪的纳维亚及北欧地区的RSL贡献为-0.6 cm/a,GrIS融化造成的远海地区RSL上升速率比全球平均RSL速率高近30%.   相似文献   

Intrusion-related Gold Deposits in Egypt     

Nagy Shawky BOTROS 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(3):1033-1055

Intrusion-related gold deposits(IRGDs) occur in the Eastern Desert(ED) of Egypt within magmatic districts that are exploited for tungsten and tin mineralization. IRGDs and intrusion-related rare metal deposits(IRRMDs) are almost invariably linked with the late to post collisional Younger Granites(YGs) that have three successive phases(I, II and III). At ～635–630 Ma, the ED underwent a transition in deformation style from compressional to extensional and a switch from subduction with crustal thickening to delamination with crustal thinning. This transition was concurrent with the emplacement of a short magmatic pulse(～635–630 Ma) that represents a transition between orogenic gold deposits and IRGDs. K-rich calc alkaline granites(phase I and II of the YGs) hosting IRGDs like the Hangalia deposit were emplaced during the time span 630–610 Ma. Alkaline magmatism began at 610 Ma, coexisting with the K-rich calc-alkaline magmatism over the 610–590 Ma time span, where the Fawakhir(598 ± 3 Ma) and Um Had(596 ± 2 Ma) granites that host the IRGDs were emplaced. In time, the alkaline magmatism became more alkaline giving rise to phase III of the YGs that hosts IRRMDs. A distinct metallogenic epoch comprising both IRGDs and IRRMDs, was undergoing extreme growth at ～600 Ma.  相似文献