A new chronological framework for Middle and Upper Pleistocene landscape evolution in the Sussex/Hampshire Coastal Corridor, UK     

Martin R. Bates  Rebecca M. Briant  Jean-Luc Schwenninger 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2010,121(4):369-392

The unique Middle and Late Pleistocene sedimentary record preserved along the Sussex/Hampshire Coastal Corridor between Romsey and Brighton contains a wealth of deposits including highstand marine sediments associated with a variety of different aged beaches, fluvial sediments associated with rivers crossing the coastal plain and cold stage deposits accumulating above the marine and fluvial sediments. Although quarrying activity has been extensive across much of the area it has been undertaken in flooded workings due to the high level of the watertable. Consequently little is known in detail about the sequences except where they outcrop on the foreshore around the coast. This paper examines recent work from the lower coastal plain using a multi-disciplinary approach these deposits to elucidate the age of the sequences and their associated environments of deposition.OSL dates from two of the beaches, the Aldingbourne and Brighton/Norton Beaches, place both within MIS 7. Although these OSL dates cannot differentiate between sub-stages within MIS 7, coupling these results with inferences from local geography, lithology and contained microfossils it is clear that the beaches belong to two different phases within MIS 7. These two beaches are clearly divided by a major phase of erosion and downcutting associated with a fall in sea-level. Fluvial sediments from Solent Terrace 2 and Arun Terrace 4 also date within MIS 7 and are tentatively ascribed to the downcutting event between the beaches. Together this information allows us to propose, for the first time, a robust independently dated framework for the lower parts of the coastal plain integrating for the first time the marine and terrestrial record.  相似文献   

超声波/声波钻头/取心器装置          下载免费PDF全文

韩博  蒋国盛  陆洪智  范勇 《探矿工程》2010,37(11):76-79

目前,对宇宙中生命迹象的探索是世界各国所关注的最重要的目标之一。美国宇航局研制了由超声波或者声波驱动器驱动的一系列超声波/声波钻头/取心器（USDC）,用来进行空间探测并提取岩石、冰与土壤样品,以及进行原位分析。此设备在声波频率下,超声波压电驱动器驱动中间的自由质量块进而冲击钻头来进行采样。目前所制造的超声波钻头/取心器（USDC）装置能够取出岩心和岩屑,在未来的行星探测中,有着非常重要的优点。主要介绍USDC的优点、各装置的结构及其性能特点,以供我国月球探测工程及未来深空探测参考借鉴。  相似文献   

缝洞型油藏大尺度可视化水驱油物理模拟实验及机理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑小敏  孙雷  王雷  易敏  杨大千  董国敏 《地质科技情报》2010,29(2)

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏由于其缝洞组合关系的复杂性,使得储层流体的渗流规律有别于常规油藏。根据某油田奥陶系缝洞型碳酸盐岩的实际情况设计制作了大尺度可视化物理模型,并按照现场实际设计了二注三采的实验井网及注采方案,以应用物理模拟实验来研究缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的开发特征及油井生产规律。结合实验结果,利用J.Cruz-Hernández建立的数学模型对生产数据进行拟合,以研究缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏中流体的渗流机理,J.Cruz-Hernández数学模型中的空间系数和流动速度对采收率影响较大,提出模型的改进应考虑重力分异作用、溶洞比例等影响因素。  相似文献   

Origin of Paleofluids in Dabashan Foreland Thrust Belt:Geochemical Evidence of 13C,18O and 87Sr/86Sr in Veins and Host Rocks     

Zeng Jianhui  Xu Tianwu  Sun Zhanqiang  Zhang Yongwang 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(5):1239-1255

In the last ten years, with important discoveries from oil and gas exploration in the Dabashan foreland depression belt in the borderland between Shanxi and Sichuan provinces, the relationship between the formation and evolution of, and hydrocarbon accumulation in, this foreland thrust belt from the viewpoint of basin and oil and gas exploration has been studied. At the same time, there has been little research on the origin of fluids within the belt. Based on geochemical system analysis including Z values denoting salinity and research on δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr isotopes in the host rocks and veins, the origin of paleofluids in the foreland thrust belt is considered. There are four principal kinds of paleofluid, including deep mantle-derived, sedimentary, mixed and meteoric. For the deep mantle-derived fluid, the δ13C is generally less than ?5.0‰PDB, δ18O less than -10.0‰PDB, Z value less than 110 and 87Sr/86Sr less than 0.70600; the sedimentary fluid is mainly marine carbonate-derived, with the δ13C generally more than ?2.0‰PDB, δ18O less than ?10.0‰PDB, Z value more than 120 and 87Sr/86Sr ranging from 0.70800 to 0.71000; the mixed fluid consists mainly of marine carbonate fluid (including possibly a little mantle-derived fluid or meteoric water), with the δ13C generally ranging from ?2.0‰ to ?8.0‰PDB, δ18O from ?10.0‰ to ?18.0‰ PDB, Z value from 105 to 120 and 87Sr/86Sr from 0.70800 to 0.71000; the atmospheric fluid consists mainly of meteoric water, with the δ13C generally ranging from 0.0‰ to ?10.0‰PDB, δ18O less than ?8.0‰PDB, Z value less than 110 and 87Sr/86Sr more than 0.71000. The Chengkou fault belt encompasses the most complex origins, including all four types of paleofluid; the Zhenba and Pingba fault belts and stable areas contain a simple paleofluid mainly of sedimentary type; the Jimingsi fault belt contains mainly sedimentary and mixed fluids, both consisting of sedimentary fluid and meteoric water. Jurassic rocks of the foreland depression belt contain mainly meteoric fluid.  相似文献   

基于时序MODIS NDVI的黑河流域土地覆盖分类研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

顾娟  李新  黄春林 《地球科学进展》2010,25(3):317-326

归一化植被指数(NDVI)是植被生长状态及植被覆盖度的最佳指示因子,其时序数据也已成为基于生物气候特征开展大区域植被和土地覆盖分类的基本手段。基于时序NDVI数据的土地覆盖分类,即通过提取NDVI时间信号所包含的植被生物学参数,构建起一个包含植被生物学信息的分类特征空间。利用2006年重建得到的MODIS NDVI 16天合成时间序列数据,并结合1 km分辨率的DEM数据、野外实地调查资料等辅助数据,综合分析了不同土地覆盖类型对应的时序NDVI谱线及其第一、二谐波的特征阈值,建立决策树对黑河流域的土地覆盖开展分类研究。结果表明,基于时序MODIS NDVI谱线特征的决策树分类精度为78%,Kappa系数为0.74。利用1 km时序MODIS NDVI时间序列获得较为准确的黑河流域土地覆盖类型是可行的。  相似文献   

大气折射指数的结构参数与北方5～9月降雨的强相关现象     

涂钢  支克广  支平  付光极  王建平 《地球科学进展》2010,25(11):1291-1295

基于中荷合作项目"建立关于荒漠化和粮食保障的中国能量与水平衡监测系统"(CEWBMS),在国家卫星气象中心和国家林业总局的支持下,乾安大孔径闪烁仪于1999年10月安装并正式运行.利用2000-2005年5～9月大孔径闪烁仪(LAS)观测的大气折射指数的结构参数Cn2,采用独立性检验,证实了Cn2的高低与未来32h是否出现降雨(晴雨)存在显著相关关系.结合乾安气象站的有关气象观测数据,初步选择Cn2白天值以及夜间值以Cn2的24 h变量作为预报依据,建立基于Cn2预报未来32h晴雨的预报流程;并利用2006年Cn2的观测数据,依照预报流程对2006年进行了回报预报试验,正确率为42/47.  相似文献   

岛弧环境中不同成因的火成岩组合及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

欧阳京  汪双双  于漫  刘晔  王凡  尚兆聪  姚超  王金荣 《甘肃地质》2010,19(2):18-26

岛弧环境的形成是与大洋板块俯冲作用有关,由俯冲流体作用于地幔楔部分熔融形成的钙碱性火成岩组合是岛弧环境中物质组成的主体。此外,目前还识别出与俯冲作用有关的其它的岩石类型:埃达克岩、富铌玄武岩、TTG、赞岐岩、玻安岩等,它们指示着不同的地球动力学背景、壳—幔相互作用过程以及源岩发生部分熔融的物理化学条件。本文主要对形成于岛弧环境中不同成因的火成岩组合的特征、形成机制、成矿作用及动力学意义进行了综述。  相似文献   

辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区沙河街组层序界面的识别   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

杨俊生  陈世悦  袁波 《世界地质》2010,29(2):314-322

对辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区层序地层的研究,总结出4种层序界面的识别方法:①钻井、测井资料;②泥砂比曲线;③小波变换;④地震时频分析。方法①表现为在沙河街组各三级层序界面处,岩性、相序、曲线形态和幅值有不同程度的突变;方法②表现为在一个完整的三级层序中,泥砂比曲线由小变大再变小,其中泥砂比值最大处为最大湖泛面(MFS)位置;方法③表现为在一个完整的三级层序中,谱系图从低频到高频再到低频的变化,在系数曲线上表现为一个或近似一个完整的振荡旋回,其中谱系图中高频部分对应着最大湖泛面位置;方法④在剖面上层序界面处为低频部分,高频部分是最大湖泛面位置。通过测井与地震信息相结合,综合运用4种方法识别出7个层序界面和6个最大湖泛面,由此建立了研究区的高精度层序地层格架。  相似文献   

赣东北地区的区域成矿特征和成矿谱系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王长明  吴淦国  张达  罗平  狄永军  余心起 《世界地质》2010,29(4):588-600

赣东北地区位于扬子、华夏两大构造单元复合部位,中、新生代受到北北东向滨西太平洋构造--成矿域强烈叠加作用,成矿地质条件优越、成矿期次多、成矿强度大、矿床类型多样。近年来区内找矿工作有了新突破,对内生金属矿床区域成矿规律的认识也有了新的进展。对照其大地构造单元笔者将赣东北地区划分成2个成矿带,7个成矿亚带,总结了4个主要成矿期,归纳出4大主要成矿系列,构建了区域矿床成矿谱系。  相似文献   

吉林延边地区浅成热液金(铜)矿床的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar激光探针测年与成矿时代讨论          下载免费PDF全文

赵羽军  孙景贵  王清海  门兰静  李怡欣  郭佳  崔培龙 《地学前缘》2010,17(2):156

延边地区是中国东北部陆缘浅成热液金铜矿床发育的地区之一,广泛发育着浅成热液金矿床、中温热液金(铜)矿床和中深成中高温热液富金铜矿床(类斑岩型);富金铜矿床的成矿时代发生在105～102 Ma,为了进一步确定浅成热液金矿床与中深成中高温热液富金铜矿床的成矿动力学背景,采用流体包裹体的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar激光探针定年法,对该区典型浅成热液金矿床进行了精细的年代学测定,获得刺猬沟金矿床、五星山金矿床和杜荒岭金矿床的脉石矿物石英流体包裹体的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar等时线年龄分别为(141±7)Ma、(123±7)Ma和(107±6)Ma,其中刺猬沟金矿床((141±7)Ma)和五星山金矿床((123±7)Ma)的脉石矿物石英流体包裹体含有过剩放射性成因~(40)Ar,而杜荒岭金矿床((107±6)Ma)的脉石矿物石英流体包裹体几乎不含或含极少量过剩放射性成因~(40)Ar。结合最新获得的相关地质体的精细年代学成果,认定该区浅成热液金矿床成矿作用均发生在早白垩世晚期,或发生在早白垩世晚期火山喷发、浅成岩浆就位之后,其形成环境与富金铜矿床一致,为古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆正北向俯冲转入Izanagi-Farallon板块西向俯冲的构造转换期。  相似文献