岩石中钍及稀土的萃取色层分离和分光光度测定法研究          下载免费PDF全文

张海政  伊丽莹 《地质科学》1992,(2):169-176

本文试验研究了以硅烷化多孔微球硅胶为担体,P507为固定相,盐酸和硫酸作流动相,在小色层柱上分离稀土和钍的最佳条件。并进一步对偶氮胂Ⅲ与稀土和钍在水-乙醇体系当中的显色反应条件进行了研究。将该法应用于岩石中稀土总量和钍的连续测定,结果良好。  相似文献   

Cross dating (Th/U-C) of calcite covering prehistoric paintings in Borneo     

Valérie Plagnes  Christiane CausseMichel Fontugne  Hélène ValladasJean-Michel Chazine  Luc-Henri Fage 《Quaternary Research》2003,60(2):172-179

We present the first application of cross-dating (Th/U measured by thermo-ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and ¹⁴C measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)) of calcite covering prehistoric paintings. Th/U age estimates of cave drapery range from 9800 to 27,300 yr B.P. while conventional ¹⁴C age is estimated between 9900 and 7610 yr B.P. depending on the dead carbon correction. The age discrepancy is attributed to a disturbance of Th/U and/or ¹⁴C geochemical systems, showing the limits of the geochronological approach applied to this kind of material. For the Th/U system, the poor consistency of U data (U content, ²³⁴U/²³⁸U activity ratios) and apparent ages argue for open system conditions. For ¹⁴C system, variation of the dead carbon fraction (dcf) and a possible mixing of successive generations of calcite could account for age discrepancy. Nevertheless, one sample shows concordant ages for the two methods. Compatible ages through corrections for open system conditions are assumed for other samples. Then, the cross-dating suggests 9900 yr as the minimum age of the piece of drapery; the underlying painting must be older. This study of rock art demonstrates the presence of a Pleistocene population before 9900 yr in the southeast of Borneo, whereas previously the only population in evidence in this area was of Austronesian type from ∼5000 to 6000 yrs ago.  相似文献   

Quantifying the effect of recent relief changes on age–elevation relationships     

Jean Braun   《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,200(3-4):331-343

The effect that recent relief changes may have on the distribution of rock ages with elevation is investigated for a range of thermochronometers. From the solution of the heat transport equation in a crustal block undergoing uplift and surface erosion, the temperature history of rock particles that are exhumed at the Earth’s surface today is computed. These T-t paths are then used to calculate apparent isotopic ages for the (U–Th)/He system in apatite, characterized by a low (≈70°C) closure temperature. The results show that recent relief changes strongly affect the distribution of ages with elevation (notably the slope of the age–elevation relationship). The calculations presented here predict that, in most situations, regions that have undergone a steady decrease in surface relief in the recent past should be characterized by an inverted age–elevation relationship, that is older ages should be found near valley bottoms and younger ages near summit tops. It is also shown how the wavelength of the topography, the geothermal gradient, the exhumation rate and the duration of the relief reduction event affect this result.  相似文献   

Determination of Zr, Hf, Th and U by Isotope Dilution and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry After Concomitant Separation Using Extraction Chromatography     

Brieuc Le Fèvre  Christian Pin 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2002,26(2):161-170

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An unsuccessful attempt at U/Th dating of soil calcretes from the Doukkâli area (western Morocco) and environmental implications     

M. Branca  U. Masi  M. Voltaggio 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2005,65(4):98-356

A large number of calcrete samples from topsoils of the Doukkâli area, western Morocco, were studied by U-disequilibrium series methods. The ²³⁰Th/²³⁴U ages are rather uniformly distributed between>350 and 2 ka BP. Homologous samples for occurrence and structure display quite different ages, the ²³⁰Th/²³⁴U ages are considered apparent. This is explained by repeated deposition of secondary calcite in the calcrete pores, which caused lowering of the original ages. However, the apparent ages may be considered minimum ages of the calcrete formation, indicating that calcium carbonate mobilization and deposition has been taking place repeatedly since >350 ka.

The age range obtained is quite comparable with that of calcretes from southern Spain, suggesting similar conditions for the calcrete formation in the two areas.  相似文献   

平面型高纯锗低能γ谱仪测定铀矿样中^235U,^238U,^226Ra及^232Th含量     

林朝  张庆文 《铀矿地质》1989,5(2):117-120

本文对选用低能γ射线测定铀矿中的~(235)U、~(238)U、~(226)Ra、~(232)Th含量进行了讨论,提出了一种对样品进行自吸收校正的简单准确方法,对铀矿样中的~(235)U、~(238)U、或~(235)U/~(238)U比值测定获得了较高的分析精度和准确度。  相似文献   

不平衡铀系定年的新技术突破──高精度、高灵敏度￣（238）U—￣（234）U—￣（230）Th同位素质谱测定和应用     

李献华 《地球科学进展》1994,(3)

８０年代中期发展起来的高精度、高灵敏度不平衡铀系热电离质谱定年新技术是同位素定年技术的一次革命性突破，并已在古气候、古环境、古海洋、考古学以及近代火山—岩浆作用研究中取得了一系列重要成果，本文介绍了这方面的研究进展。这一新技术已引起越来越广泛的重视，显示出巨大的应用前景。尽快开展不平衡铀系热电离质谱定年技术的应用，对提高我国的高分辩率第四纪年代学分析技术和应用研究水平有重要意义。  相似文献   

U/Th age constraints on the absence of ice in the central Inn Valley (eastern Alps, Austria) during Marine Isotope Stages 5c to 5a     

Christoph Spötl  Augusto Mangini 《Quaternary Research》2006,66(1):167-175

Calcitic flowstones are present in fractures of a Pleistocene breccia near Innsbruck, Austria, and record periods of carbonate precipitation in the unsaturated zone between 101,500 ± 1500 and 70,300 ± 1800 yr, constrained by U-series disequilibrium dates. The occurrence of these speleothems, their low carbon isotopic composition, and the lack of infiltrated siliciclastic material demonstrate that the central Inn valley - which harbored one of the most extensive valley glaciers during the last glacial maximum - was ice-free during Marine Isotope Stages 5c to 5a. Climatically warm periods are separated by distinct drops in the oxygen isotopic composition of the speleothem calcite, attributed to strong and possibly seasonally biased atmospheric cooling. During these intervening stadials, which mirror those identified in the Greenland ice cores and marine sea-surface temperature records, calcite deposition apparently came to a halt, but the Inn Valley remained ice-free. The youngest calcite layer formed between ∼74,000 and ∼70,000 yr and places a maximum age limit on the likely expansion of alpine glaciers during the Marine Isotope Stage 5/4 transition, consistent with other speleothem records.  相似文献   

板块汇聚边缘玄武岩大地构造环境的Th、Nb、Zr判别   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

孙书勤  张成江  黄润秋 《地球科学进展》2006,21(6):593-598

根据Th、Nb、Zr的地球化学性质和判别机理，利用世界上典型大地构造环境区玄武岩类的Th、Nb、Zr数据，研究了Th、Nb、Zr判别玄武岩大地构造环境的地球化学机理，发现不同构造环境区玄武岩系的Th、Nb、Zr特征具有显著差异，其比值特征能将玄武岩形成的大地构造位置很好地划分出来。提出了板块汇聚边缘玄武岩大地构造环境的Nb/Zr Th/Zr判别图，该图不但能较好地区分出板块汇聚边缘中的洋—洋俯冲带、洋—陆俯冲带及陆—陆碰撞带，同时还能反映出岛弧区大地构造环境演化的趋势。  相似文献   

诸广山中段“三九”地区铀矿放射性同位素特征及找矿潜力     

南小龙 《地质与勘探》2023,59(2):248-258

“三九”地区位于诸广山复式岩体中段,隶属华南花岗岩型铀矿富集区。放射性同位素及其比值是反映铀成矿信息的重要参数,可直接反映浅部到深部的铀、镭富集的地球化学特征及其迁移规律。本文重点探讨“三九”地区不同地段、不同含量、不同埋深和不同矿体部位的²³⁸U、²³⁴U、²²⁶Ra、²³⁰Th和²³¹Pa同位素特征及其比值,分析铀、镭迁移富集规律。结果表明：“三九”地区铀矿体由近地表至深部铀镭平衡系数具有高-低-高变化特征;U元素的相对富集、Th元素相对减低及其U/Th比值的急剧升高等特征,与U、Th丰度区间具有明显分带特征关系密切;当地表有矿化或异常显示且浅、深部有工业矿时,其同位素组成具有铀、镭同时迁出,且铀大量迁出特征;当地表无异常显示时,其同位素组成具有铀大量迁出、镭明显迁入特征。大于1的²³⁴U/²³⁸U比值可有效指示找铀矿化。综上,利用放射性同位素及其比值法在“三九”地区预测深部铀成矿有利地段,取得较好应用效果,其中九龙江、石壁窝和木...  相似文献