Two-stage collision-related extrusion of the western Dabie HP–UHP metamorphic terranes, central China: Evidence from quartz c-axis fabrics and structures     

Sanzhong Li  Timothy M. Kusky  Xiaochun Liu  Guowei Zhang  Guochun Zhao  Lu Wang  Yuejun Wang 《Gondwana Research》2009,16(2):294

The western Dabie orogen (also known as the Hong'an block) forms the western part of the Dabie–Sulu HP–UHP belt, central China. Rocks of this orogen have been subjected to pervasive ductile deformation, and include numerous quartz schists and felsic mylonites cropping out in ductile shear zones. Quartz textures in these mylonites contain important clues for understanding the movement sense of late-collisional extrusion and exhumation of high-pressure–ultrahigh-pressure (HP–UHP) rocks from the lower crustal level to the upper crustal level during Middle Triassic and Early Jurassic. The orientation and distribution of quartz crystallographic axes were used to confirm the regional shear sense across the orogen. The asymmetry of c-axis patterns consistently indicates top-to-the-southeast thrusting across the orogen in early structural stages. Later stages of deformation show different senses of movement in northern and southern parts of the orogen, with top-to-the-northwest sinistral shearing recorded in rocks north of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies belt, and top-to-the-southeast dextral shearing south of the same unit.Based on our study on quartz c-axis fabrics and marco- to micro-scale structures, simultaneous southeastward shearing within a large part of the orogen and normal faulting north of the Xinxian HP–UHP unit is explained by upward extrusion in early stages of deformation. The extrusion process has been attributed to syn- and late-collisional processes, accounting for some earlier deformation in the western Dabie orogen such as metamorphic sequences around the core of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies unit. Much higher pressure of deformation is also indicated in the aligned glaucophane and omphacite from blueschist and eclogite in the field. An orogen-parallel eastward extrusion of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies unit, however, occurred diachronously in later stages of deformation. Therefore, a tectonic model combining an early upward extrusion with a later eastward extrusion is presented. Two different stages and types of extrusion for exhumation of HP–UHP rocks are suitable to all of east central China. Geochronological data shows that the first, upward extrusion occurred during Middle Triassic, the second, eastward extrusion occurred during Late Triassic to Early Jurassic. These two extrusions are correlative with two stages of rapid exhumation of the Dabie HP–UHP rocks, respectively. These two-stage late-collisional (Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic) extrusion events bridge the gap between syn-collisional (Early to Middle Triassic) vertical extrusion and post-collisional (Cretaceous) eastward-directed lateral escape and provide vital clues to understanding the more detailed processes of exhumation of HP–UHP rocks.  相似文献   

关中地区3次中小地震前后的重力变化   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

高好林 《中国地震》2013,29(3):367-376

采用拟稳平差方法对关中地区近20 年流动重力观测资料重新进行了处理,并结合其它观测资料和研究结果,对区域内重力场变化过程、3次中小地震前后重力场变化机理、构造活动以及区内外地震间的关系等进行了较深入地分析和研究。  相似文献   

Seismic Sequence Characteristics and Precursory Anomalies of the Ms6.3 and Ms6.4 Da Qaidam Earthquakes in 2008 ～ 2009     

Ma Yuhu  Liu Wenbang  Wang Peiling  Yang Xiaoxia  Chen Yuhua 《中国地震研究》2013,27(2)

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滑坡稳定性评价中地震作用力计算的讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄强盛  夏旺民 《地震工程学报》2013,35(1):104-108

阐述了目前国内外在滑坡地震稳定性评价方面的理论研究成果和实际应用情况,指出地质矿产行业规范在采用静力法计算地震力时没有乘以0.25的综合影响系数,和其它规范的差别是巨大的.分析后认为这个规定是值得商榷的.最后根据宏观震害现象提出易引起滑坡的地质情况并对其进行了分析,为滑坡治理工程设计和以后的规范修编提供了方法和思路.  相似文献   

芦山4.20地震破裂过程及其致灾特征初步分析   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

张勇  许力生  陈运泰 《地球物理学报》2013,56(4):1408-1411

采用全球地震台网的远震地震波数据快速反演了2013年4月20日雅安芦山地震(芦山4.20地震)的破裂过程,在震后3小时得到并发布了相关测定结果.结果显示这次地震的震级约M_W6.8,包括两次破裂子事件,但都发生在断层面上震源(破裂起始点)附近,整个地震没有表现出明显的破裂方向性.雅安芦山地震的破裂没有大规模出露地表,主要地震灾害集中在断层上盘,位于芦山县和宝兴县一带.  相似文献   

云南地区地壳速度结构的层析成像研究   总被引：18，自引：11，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

胥颐  杨晓涛  刘建华 《地球物理学报》2013,56(6):1904-1914

利用地震波到时和体波层析成像方法反演了云南地区的P波速度结构,根据不同深度的速度异常分析了主要断裂和区域动力作用的深部效应,揭示出壳内低速层的分布范围以及与下地壳流动的联系.研究结果表明,哀牢山-红河断裂两侧的地壳速度结构存在明显的差异,滇中地区的速度异常分布与小江断裂、元谋断裂、程海断裂等南北走向的断裂一致,反映了青藏东部地壳块体顺时针旋转产生的构造效应;滇西南的速度异常分布与哀牢山-红河断裂、无量山断裂、澜沧江等断裂的走向平行,显示了印支块体朝东南方向挤出产生的影响;沿着南汀河断裂分布的低速异常则与印缅块体侧向挤压引起的构造活动有关.壳内低速异常具有分层和分区特征:在哀牢山-红河断裂西侧和澜沧江之间主要分布在地壳中上部,在小江断裂和元谋断裂附近分布在地壳中下部,在滇中地区则广泛分布于地壳底部至莫霍面附近,东、西两侧分别受到小江断裂和哀牢山-红河断裂的限制.其中攀西地区的低速异常与小江断裂和元谋断裂在此附近交汇形成的热流传输通道以及张裂时期强烈的壳幔热交换有关;在哀牢山-红河和澜沧江地区,除了印支块体向东南方向的挤出之外,印缅块体的侧向挤压和向东俯冲也对地壳深部的构造变形产生了一定的影响,由此引发的地幔上涌将导致热流物质沿着断裂通道进入地壳形成低速层.因此,哀牢山-红河断裂不仅在地壳浅部是分隔印支块体和华南块体的地质界限,也是控制两侧区域深部构造变形和壳内韧性流动的分界.  相似文献   

北半球环状模周期变化和突变研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

袁俊鹏  曹杰 《地球物理学报》2013,56(2):409-421

利用NOAA提供的1871-2008年月平均海平面气压场、雪盖、海冰等再分析资料、NASA提供的地表温度场资料、太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)指数,采用小波分析、带通滤波和凝聚谱分析等方法,研究了北半球环状模(NAM)周期变化及其影响因子.研究结果表明NAM在20世纪60年代前后发生了显著的年代际尺度周期突变,NAM在1895-1955年存在显著的准35年周期振荡,而在1971-2008年则主要以准15年周期振荡为主.NAM年代际尺度周期突变与外强迫源振荡周期变化有关,但突变前后与NAM周期振荡密切相关的外强迫因子并不尽相同.在1960年代之前,PDO、ATM、北美雪盖以及南极海冰涛动等外源强迫因子与NAM在准35年尺度上关系密切;而在1960年之后,NAM准15年振荡则与ATM和欧洲雪盖、南极海冰涛动等因素有关.  相似文献   

Impact of terrain complexity on the turbulence drag coefficient: A case study from the Indian Himalayan region     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2021

The aerodynamic drag coefficient (C_D) is conjectured to change (or remains almost uniform) with the horizontal wind speed (U) over a flexible (or fixed) surface element, which is represented with the surface roughness (z₀). This conjecture is tested for the near neutral atmospheric turbulence (i.e. when surface stability z/L is almost equal to 0, where z is the measurement height and L is Obukhov length) of monsoon and winter season at an on-slope and a ridge-top site in the Indian Himalaya, wherein the ridge-top site is associated with a higher degree of sensitivity to the roughness element and terrain attributes. This hypothesis is successfully verified for two conditions, (i) the monsoon period observations of ridge-top site are found to have higher z₀ due to vegetative growth than the winter period for flows having similar terrain signature, and (ii) the monsoon and winter period observations of on-slope site are noted to have similar z₀ for flows having signature of steep terrain. Subsequently, constants (i.e. a and b) of the power-law relationships between C_D and U (i.e. C_D = aU^b), as a function of z₀, are optimized. It is noted that the relationship between C_D and U has higher sensitivity towards the terrain slope than the vegetative growth.  相似文献   

Lagrangian modeling of water circulation in the Lofoten Basin     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2021

Lagrangian particle tracking is implemented for the Lofoten Basin of the Norwegian Sea. The ocean dynamic fields are obtained from the GLORYS 12V1 reanalysis available by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service. Spatial distributions of the Lagrangian particles during May-November 2014 are analyzed for two depth layers: the sea-surface (0.5 m) and 266 m. The results show a significant impact of the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC) on the thermohaline structure of the upper Lofoten Basin, underestimated previously. The NCC penetrates deep into the central Lofoten basin as far as the longitude 0°. In the subsurface layer, the area over which the NCC influences water structure is comparable to the area of the Norwegian Atlantic Slope Current (NASC), as well as to that of the Norwegian Atlantic Frontal Current (NAFC). The NCC maximum influence on the surface water of the Basin is reached in August. The inflow of the NCC is associated with relatively fresh water intrusions (0.5–2‰ fresher than the surrounding waters) moving from the coast to the central part of the Basin. The NASC and NAFC form two main sources of the Atlantic Water in the Lofoten Basin. At 266 m level, the NASC and NAFC waters dominate water structure in the basin. Herewith the NASC influence prevails over that of the NAFC, the latter being limited to the western periphery of the Basin. At this level, the NCC is observed only along a narrow band following the eastern coast. During summer, the core of the Lofoten Vortex (LV) at 266 m is mainly composed of the NAFC water. This fact contradicts the previous point of view of the dominance of the NASC in the LV core at all depth levels. Using two types of Lagrangian maps, we highlighted the summer and the autumn periods in the LV annual lifecycle. The summer LV is characterized by high orbital velocities, which are several times higher than those of the currents along the basin boundaries. The monthly mean orbital velocities in the LV reach 35 сm s⁻¹. To the end of autumn, the LV weakens with the monthly mean orbital velocities below 10 cm s⁻¹.  相似文献   

巴伦西亚水法庭处理农村水事纠纷的经验借鉴     

郝少英 《地下水》2012,(4):4-7

巴伦西亚水法庭是欧洲最古老的机构之一,其形式和内容一直延续至今,并对国际水法产生重要影响。针对我国越来越多的农村水事矛盾、水事纠纷事件,巴伦西亚水法庭处理水事纠纷的特点具有重要借鉴价值。研究表明:可以通过借鉴巴伦西亚水法庭重视农村水事纠纷特点的基础上处理好相邻关系;充分发挥民间调解在水事纠纷调处机制中的重要作用;增强用水自律意识;及时解决农村水事纠纷等措施,为充分发挥我国民间社团组织在处理农村水事纠纷的积极作用提供有益参考。  相似文献