岩溶地区水资源承载力指标体系及其理论模型初探   总被引：28，自引：3，他引：25  

王在高  梁虹 《中国岩溶》2001,20(2):144-148

系统地论述了区域水资源承载力的概念、特性,并阐述了岩溶地区水资源承载力的特点,构建出岩溶地区水资源承载力的指标体系,把LOGISTIC曲线应用于岩溶地区水资源承载力的研究,最后借助于该模型用清镇市水资源统计资料对该地区水资源承载力进行预测,得到了较好的效果。   相似文献   

Prediction of long-term settlement on soft clay using shear wave velocity and damping characteristics     

Mohamad Nor Omar  Colin Peter Abbiss  Mohd. Raihan Taha  Khairul Anuar Mohd. Nayan 《Engineering Geology》2011,(4):259

This paper presents a method of calculating long-term settlement of a loaded pad on soft clay at Klang, Selangor, Malaysia where the soil model is treated as an anelastic material of viscoelastic property. Initially, an elastic shear modulus (G) value from shear wave velocity profiles of the seismic tests from spectral analysis of surface wave (SASW) and continuous surface wave (CSW) tests was obtained. A value of damping (D) at an equivalent elastic strain is then calculated from the hysteresis of the plate load tests corrected to equivalent strain using the Damping–Strain formula. The calculated elastic settlement and its equivalent damping are then used to calculate the long-term settlement by applying the generalised viscoelastic formula. Comparisons to traditional methods of settlement predictions were made and the viscoelastic formula has shown better agreement to the observed settlement. Further modification of the settlement formula is introduced to improve the settlement accuracy to 10%.  相似文献   

基于强度与稳定性的端头加固理论模型及敏感性分析     

罗富荣  江玉生  江华 《工程地质学报》2011,19(3):364-369

为确保盾构始发与到达的顺利进行,避免施工过程中发生端头土体失稳,引发地表沉陷、塌方等工程事故,基于土体强度与稳定性的基本理论,作者就如何确定端头土体纵向加固范围和建立砂土复合地层端头滑动模型进行了研究.在具体分析了现有端头加固理论模型的优缺点后,提出一种基于强度理论的荷载等效模型和基于稳定性理论的砂性土端头滑动模型.该...  相似文献   

Regional aboveground biomass equations for North American arid and semi-arid forests     

《Journal of Arid Environments》2013

Calculations of dry tree, plot and regional aboveground biomass, M, and assessments of complex diverse forests remain key challenges in the implementation of conventional and sustainable projects. This study reports a set of robust regional equations and the application of several allometric tree and plot M equations in Mexican arid and semi-arid forest communities. The data were collected from 1084 tree M fitting models, and 195 arid and semi-arid and 206 mesquite trees and 55 plot datasets were used to validate the models. Theoretical, semi-empirical and empirical models with exogenous variables, as well as wood specific gravity, diameter, top height, and form-factor values, were used to evaluate aboveground biomass. Empirical computer-based equations projected more consistently similar tree M assessments than did semi-empirical or theoretical models. Therefore, empirical models are recommended for assessments of tree and plot M, and future allometry research should properly address independent variables in more theoretical models. The large sample size, model richness, economic and ecological importance, and wide coverage of this dataset make it useful for estimating several biogeochemical and bioenergy density parameters and contribute to the body of knowledge regarding heterogeneity in dry forest stand structures.  相似文献   

城市地质学理论创新与北京城市地质工作实践发展     

卫万顺 《城市地质》2013,8(1):1-10

城市地质工作,已成为未来地质工作的重要方面。然而,近年来城市地质问题越来越多。亟需城市地质学理论创新。本文创新了城市地质学理论,提出城市地质工作理念发展之路,谋划了未来10～15年北京城市地质工作,探讨了非正常情况下城市地质安全危机管理战略。北京城市地质工作应努力实现从问题推动型向理念发展型转变,在调查型地质工作基础上广泛开展监测型和信息服务型地质工作。重点做好正常型城市地质工作,严防非正常型城市地质安全危机事件发生。进一步提升战略资源和地质环境承载能力,为北京城市可持续发展提供地质保障。  相似文献   

The Progress of Carbon Dioxide Geological Storage Research and Pilot Project in China     

WEN Dongguang  GUO Jianqiang  JIA Xiaofeng  ZHANG Senqi  LI Xufeng  FAN Jijiao  DIAO Yujie  ZHANG Hui 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):971-971

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海水加载引起的厦门台相对重力变化     

熊先保  杨婕  林立峰  黄晓华  徐智明 《华南地震》2012,(2):59-65

针对厦门台具体地理位置的特点,提出了计算相对重力变化的海水加载模型,运用有关弹性理论知识与一定的数学方法,定量地计算了海水加载引起的厦门台相对重力变化。结果表明：①相对重力变化对近距离的加载极为敏感,随着离观测点距离的增加,加载的影响程度逐渐减弱,超过一定的范围,这种影响就可以忽略不计了;对厦门台来说,海水的有效加载范围约为940 m;②经过扣除各种可能的误差后,由理论模型计算所得的结果与实际观测结果较为吻合,进一步证实了计算模型的正确性。  相似文献   

Seismic coda due to non-linear elasticity     

Klaus Bataille  Ignacia Calisto 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,172(2):572-580

Non-linear elastic response of rocks has been widely observed in laboratory, but very few seismic studies are reported in the literature, even though it is the most natural environment where this feature could be observed. Analytic solutions to the non-linear wave propagation phenomena are not readily available, and there is a need to use approximated techniques. It is clear that when a seismic wave propagates through a homogeneous non-linear elastic media, it will be perturbed by the non-linearity. This perturbation can be treated as a source of scattering, spreading the energy of the primary wave in space and time, contributing to the seismic coda. This is in some sense similar to the effect of heterogeneities. The properties of the coda due to the non-linearity depend on the amount of non-linearity and the seismic moment. Using a perturbation approach we calculate the amplitude of the scattered waves, and show that it can describe reasonably well the main features of real seismic codas.  相似文献   

Linear versus non-linear earthquake location and seismogenic fault detection in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy     

D. Presti  B. Orecchio  G. Falcone  G. Neri 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,172(2):607-618

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Cross-dependence of finite-frequency compressional waveforms to shear seismic wave speeds     

Zhigang Zhang  Yang Shen 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,174(3):941-948

Seismic tomography has been one of the primary tools to image the interior of the earth and other elastic structures. To date the inversions of compressional ( P ) and shear ( S ) wave speeds have been carried out separately under the assumption that P traveltimes are affected only by the P wave speed of the elastic media and S traveltimes by the S wave speed. Using numerical and analytical solutions, we show that for finite-frequency seismic waves, S wave speed perturbations may have significant effects on P waveforms. This suggests that when waveform-derived traveltime and amplitude anomalies are used in tomographic inversions, the P -wave measurements should be related to not only P wave speed perturbations but also S wave speed perturbations.  相似文献