鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成特征及其地质意义   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  

张辉  彭平安  张文正 《岩石学报》2014,30(2):565-575

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7优质烃源层中广泛分布了薄层和纹层状凝灰岩,凝灰岩中锆石U-Pb同位素年代学研究表明,长7段凝灰岩结晶年龄为234Ma左右。对比勉略缝合带、南秦岭的花岗岩的年龄,三叠系延长组凝灰岩应该形成于俯冲阶段。锆石的Hf同位素分析表明延长组长7段凝灰岩主要来自地壳岩石部分熔融,并且有一定的地幔物质加入。Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄大部分集中在1.1~1.3Ga,其中以1.2Ga为主峰,表明延长组凝灰岩主要来自元古代增生的地壳物质,在物质组成和时代上可能类似于南秦岭基底中的耀岭河群基性火山岩和郧西群酸性的混合。  相似文献   

Compositional Zoning of the Bishop Tuff   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

Hildreth  Wes; Wilson  Colin J. N. 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(5):951-999

Compositional data for >400 pumice clasts, organized accordingto eruptive sequence, crystal content, and texture, providenew perspectives on eruption and pre-eruptive evolution of the>600 km³ of zoned rhyolitic magma ejected as the Bishop Tuffduring formation of Long Valley caldera. Proportions and compositionsof different pumice types are given for each ignimbrite packageand for the intercalated plinian pumice-fall layers that eruptedsynchronously. Although withdrawal of the zoned magma was lesssystematic than previously realized, the overall sequence displaystrends toward greater proportions of less evolved pumice, morecrystals (0·5–24 wt %), and higher FeTi-oxide temperatures(714–818°C). No significant hiatus took place duringthe 6 day eruption of the Bishop Tuff, nearly all of which issuedfrom an integrated, zoned, unitary reservoir. Shortly beforeeruption, however, the zoned melt-dominant portion of the chamberwas invaded by batches of disparate lower-silica rhyolite magma,poorer in crystals than most of the resident magma but slightlyhotter and richer in Ba, Sr, and Ti. Interaction with residentmagma at the deepest levels tapped promoted growth of Ti-richrims on quartz, Ba-rich rims on sanidine, and entrapment ofnear-rim melt inclusions relatively enriched in Ba and CO₂.Varied amounts of mingling, even in higher parts of the chamber,led to the dark gray and swirly crystal-poor pumices sparselypresent in all ash-flow packages. As shown by FeTi-oxide geothermometry,the zoned rhyolitic chamber was hottest where crystal-richest,rendering any model of solidification fronts at the walls orroof unlikely. The main compositional gradient (75–195ppm Rb; 0·8–2·2 ppm Ta; 71–154 ppmZr; 0·40–1·73% FeO*) existed in the melt,prior to crystallization of the phenocryst suite observed, whichincluded zircon as much as 100 kyr older than the eruption.The compositions of crystals, though themselves largely unzoned,generally reflect magma temperature and the bulk compositionalgradient, implying both that few crystals settled or were transportedfar and that the observed crystals contributed little to establishingthat gradient. Upward increases in aqueous gas and dissolvedwater, combined with the adiabatic gradient (for the 5 km depthrange tapped) and the roofward decline in liquidus temperatureof the zoned melt, prevented significant crystallization againstthe roof, consistent with dominance of crystal-poor magma earlyin the eruption and lack of any roof-rind fragments among theBishop ejecta, before or after onset of caldera collapse. Amodel of secular incremental zoning is advanced wherein numerousbatches of crystal-poor melt were released from a mush zone(many kilometers thick) that floored the accumulating rhyoliticmelt-rich body. Each batch rose to its own appropriate levelin the melt-buoyancy gradient, which was self-sustaining againstwholesale convective re-homogenization, while the thick mushzone below buffered it against disruption by the deeper (non-rhyolitic)recharge that augmented the mush zone and thermally sustainedthe whole magma chamber. Crystal–melt fractionation wasthe dominant zoning process, but it took place not principallyin the shallow melt-rich body but mostly in the pluton-scalemush zone before and during batchwise melt extraction. KEY WORDS: Bishop Tuff; ignimbrite; magma zonation; mush model; rhyolite  相似文献   

The Upper Crustal Evolution of a Large Silicic Magma Body: Evidence from Crystal-scale Rb Sr Isotopic Heterogeneities in the Fish Canyon Magmatic System, Colorado   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Charlier  B. L. A.; Bachmann  O.; Davidson  J. P.; Dungan  M. A.; Morgan  D. J. 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(10):1875-1894

Batholith-sized bodies of crystal-rich magmatic ‘mush’are widely inferred to represent the hidden sources of manylarge-volume high-silica rhyolite eruptive units. Occasionallythese mush bodies are ejected along with their trapped interstitialliquid, forming the distinctive crystal-rich ignimbrites knownas ‘monotonous intermediates’. These ignimbritesare notable for their combination of high crystal contents (35–55%),dacitic bulk compositions with interstitial high-silica rhyoliticglass, and general lack of compositional zonation. The 5000km³ Fish Canyon Tuff is an archetypal eruption deposit of thistype, and is the largest known silicic eruption on Earth. Ejectafrom the Fish Canyon magmatic system are notable for the limitedcompositional variation that they define on the basis of whole-rockchemistry, whereas 45 vol. % crystals in a matrix of high-silicarhyolite glass together span a large range of mineral-scaleisotopic variability (microns to millimetres). Rb/Sr isotopicanalyses of single crystals (sanidine, plagioclase, biotite,hornblende, apatite, titanite) and sampling by micromillingof selected zones within glass plus sanidine and plagioclasecrystals document widespread isotopic disequilibrium at manyscales. High and variable ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_i values for euhedral biotitegrains cannot be explained by any model involving closed-systemradiogenic ingrowth, and they are difficult to rationalize unlessmuch of this radiogenic Sr has been introduced at a late stagevia assimilation of local Proterozoic crust. Hornblende is theonly phase that approaches isotopic equilibrium with the surroundingmelt, but the melt (glass) was isotopically heterogeneous atthe millimetre scale, and was therefore apparently contaminatedwith radiogenic Sr shortly prior to eruption. The other mineralphases (plagioclase, sanidine, titanite, and apatite) have significantlylower ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_i values than whole-rock values (as much as –0·0005).Such isotopic disequilibrium implies that feldspars, titaniteand apatite are antecrysts that crystallized from less radiogenicmelt compositions at earlier stages of magma evolution, whereashighly radiogenic biotite xenocrysts and the development ofisotopic heterogeneity in matrix melt glass appear to coincidewith the final stage of the evolution of the Fish Canyon magmabody in the upper crust. Integrated petrographic and geochemicalevidence is consistent with pre-eruptive thermal rejuvenationof a near-solidus mineral assemblage from 720 to 760°C (i.e.partial dissolution of feldspars + quartz while hornblende +titanite + biotite were crystallizing). Assimilation and blendingof phenocrysts, antecrysts and xenocrysts reflects chamber-wide,low Reynolds number convection that occurred within the last10 000 years before eruption. KEY WORDS: Fish Canyon Tuff; Rb–Sr isotopes; microsampling; magmatic processes; crystal mush  相似文献   

Laser Ablation (U-Th-Sm)/He Dating of Zircons: Analytical Age Bias and its Consequence for Studying Detrital Zircon Populations     

Julien Léger  Raphaël Pik  Bouchaïb Tibari  Sébastien Ternois  Mary Ford  Chantal Peiffert  Julien Mercadier 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2023,47(2):219-242

The in situ (U-Th-Sm)/He and U/Pb laser-ablation double-dating procedure is a valuable method that can provide a large dataset relatively efficiently in contrast with conventional bulk helium thermochronometry. In this study, we evaluate the potential age error associated with the double ablation procedure and report the in situ (U-Th-Sm)/He double-ablation dating of 249 zircons from the Fish Canyon Tuff locality. With LA-ICP-MS pseudo-depth profiling and 3D numerical modelling, we show that the concentric double-ablation procedure in minerals with U-Th-Sm zoning can generate a significant (U-Th-Sm)/He age error (positive or negative), resulting in over-scattering and/or an offset of the mean age. Pseudo-depth profiling is insufficient to predict the individual age error, partly because of the superimposed ablations. To evaluate the consequence of this inherent bias, we confront a synthetic age distribution to the error expected for U-Th-Sm zoned zircons analysed with double-ablation (U-Th-Sm)/He thermochronometry. As expected, a strong age bias causes the spreading of peak ages, downgrading the original signal. Yet, the throughput of the ablation-based method can allow intra- and inter-sample peak age identification and comparison, and the coupling of (U-Th-Sm)/He and U/Pb ages extends our ability to deconvolute a multimodal age spectrum.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘奥陶纪沉积充填记录的关键时限及其构造意义          下载免费PDF全文

李振宏  徐黎明  刘新社  袁效奇  胡健民 《地质科学》2015,50(2):428-445

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘上、下古生界呈现明显的角度不整合,标志着该区卷入了加里东造山带变形。本文以盆地内奥陶纪沉积充填记录为线索,利用地层序列中沉积凝灰岩的锫石U-Pb同位素测年,结合秦岭造山带岩体年代学研究成果,探讨了秦岭加里东期构造事件的发生与发展过程。研究表明:1)奥陶系沉积时期,沉积序列经历了海侵至海退的完整旋回,中奥陶世马五期海退序列开始,晚奥陶世背锅山期海水自鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘完全退出;2)晚奥陶世平凉期至背锅山期,地层序列中凝灰岩、滑塌构造、滑塌角砾岩普遍发育,滑塌构造和滑塌角砾岩的直接触发因素是构造活动引发的地震,构造活动性明显加强;3)中奥陶世马五期海退序列的开始,孕育着秦岭洋壳板块开始向北俯冲,时限大约为475~463 Ma;4)晚奥陶世平凉期,沉积序列中重力流、滑塌构造和凝灰岩普遍发育,孕育着秦岭洋向北的俯冲碰撞进入了高峰阶段,其时限大约为454~450 Ma。  相似文献   

CEC比值法在凝灰质砂岩储层测井评价中的应用——以海-塔盆地X凹陷凝灰质砂岩储层为例          下载免费PDF全文

潘保芝  刘思慧  黄布宙  房春慧  郭宇航 《地球物理学报》2016,59(5):1920-1926

凝灰质砂岩储层一直是测井评价中的难点.凝灰质的存在使储层的孔隙结构和物性变化都很大,其含量直接影响储层参数的求取,对储层饱和度的影响不容忽视.本文以海-塔盆地X凹陷的凝灰质砂岩储层为例进行测井评价研究.基于泥质和凝灰质的测井响应差异利用粒子群和细菌觅食的混合优化算法计算储层中两者的含量,然后通过阳离子交换量(CEC)的实验数据验证了凝灰质具有导电性,进而利用CEC与电阻率之间的关系得到凝灰质电阻率的计算方法,并且应用到饱和度的计算,最终得到了一种新的计算凝灰质砂岩储层饱和度的方法——CEC比值法,并取得了良好的应用效果.  相似文献   

砂岩中的凝灰质填隙物分异特征及其对油气储集空间影响--以鄂尔多斯盆地西北部二叠系为例   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15  

王建伟  鲍志东  陈孟晋  孙粉锦  刘锐娥  赵密福  孙全元 《地质科学》2005,40(3):429-438

运用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、能谱分析及溶蚀实验等多种测试手段对鄂尔多斯盆地西北部二叠系砂岩填隙物进行了成份和成岩演化分析,认为砂岩中的填隙物主要为凝灰质填隙物,而不是普通意义上的粘土矿物。在有残余粒间孔隙或裂缝沟通的较开放性水环境里,凝灰质填隙物蚀变程度强,Si、Al、K、Na及Ca等离子因活性不同而发生分异,蚀变为“脏”高岭石及硅质团块等产物;封闭环境下,凝灰质填隙物保存完好,偏光显微镜下显示出似非晶态波状消光,活性强的K、Na元素含量仍然很高。凝灰质填隙物分异过程中,可以产生一定数量的溶蚀孔隙及晶间孔隙,砂岩储集性能得到了明显改善。对声波时差异常带砂岩进行大量的铸体薄片观察,证实了本区砂岩粒间溶蚀孔隙发育,凝灰质填隙物发生了强烈溶蚀。综合分析26口井的资料,发现垂向上凝灰质填隙物溶蚀强度呈箱型展布,箱内“脏”高岭石及溶蚀孔隙发育,箱顶部凝灰质填隙物含量高,保存好,并缺少“脏”高岭石团块出现。  相似文献   

裂缝型HTI介质的纵波弹性阻抗     

王恩利  陈启艳  窦喜英 《地球物理学进展》2012,27(1):263-270

裂缝发育导致的地震波场各向异性,是裂缝型油气藏的一个重要特征.然而针对该类油气藏的叠前弹性阻抗技术,一直没有通过各向异性弹性阻抗公式建立与裂缝参数的直接关系.本文在回顾封闭平行硬币状裂缝模型和线性滑动模型的基础上,将裂缝填充物性质、分布密度与围岩的横纵波速度比,引入裂缝型HTI介质弹性阻抗公式,并对相应的归一化弹性阻抗响应特征进行模拟分析.分析表明,弹性阻抗受以上三参数的影响规律存在明显差异,其中含气裂隙介质随裂缝密度的变化要明显高于对应的流体裂隙介质,流体填充裂隙介质随横、纵波速度比的变化幅度要高于对应的含气裂隙介.该结论初步为裂缝型油气藏流体识别工作提供了依据.  相似文献   

塔里木盆地柯坪地区中寒武统准同生白云岩孔洞充填物期次、地化特征及形成条件^*          下载免费PDF全文

刘玲  朱井泉  由雪莲  何凯 《古地理学报》2012,14(6):757-766

对塔里木盆地柯坪地区蓬莱坝剖面中寒武统沙依里克组萨布哈白云岩及其溶孔中的多期次充填物进行了岩石学和地球化学分析,以对其沉淀时的流体环境进行恢复。孔洞中的环带状充填物可分为4期,由白云岩向内依次为：（1）乳白色粒状方解石;（2）铁质浸染的杂色柱状方解石;（3）无色透明的石英;（4）紫色粒状萤石。碳氧同位素、微量元素及稀土元素分析结果表明：白云岩具有高的Sr/Ba值5.47,低的U/Th值0.2954（明显小于0.7）,高的Zr/Hf值36.86,相对高的稀土总量,相对高的 δ¹⁸O值-7.444‰,盐度指数Z值为120.56,表明它形成于相对低温、富氧和盐度相对较高的流体环境,进一步证实其是形成于蒸发环境的准同生白云岩。第1期方解石具有低的Sr/Ba值2.33,相对高的U/Th值1.3,低的Zr/Hf值20.857,相对居中的稀土总量,相对低的δ¹⁸O值-13.758‰,盐度指数Z值为105.35（小于120）,表明它形成于温度相对较高、缺氧、盐度较低的流体条件下。第2期方解石具有具有相对低的Sr/Ba值2.77,相对高的U/Th值1,相对低的Zr/Hf值32.08,相对居中的稀土总量,相对低的 δ¹⁸O值-11.344‰,盐度指数Z值为116.51,表明其形成于温度相对较高、贫氧、盐度较低的流体条件下。萤石具有居中的Sr/Ba值3.15,相对高的U/Th值0.8666,相对低的Zr/Hf值31.875,相对低的稀土总量,其配分模式与岩浆成因萤石较为接近,表明其形成于温度相对较高、缺氧、低盐度的流体条件下。这些特征反映该套地层经历了准同生期白云岩化后的埋藏-抬升-再埋藏-最终抬升至地表的过程。  相似文献   

Pre-eruptive Conditions of the Huerto Andesite (Fish Canyon System, San Juan Volcanic Field, Colorado): Influence of Volatiles (C-O-H-S) on Phase Equilibria and Mineral Composition   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Parat  Fleurice; Holtz  FranCois; Feig  Sandrin 《Journal of Petrology》2008,49(5):911-935

Crystallization experiments at 400 MPa, oxidized condition (logfO₂= NNO + 1, where NNO is nickel–nickel oxide buffer) andover a range of temperatures (850–950°C) and fluidcomposition (XH₂O_in = 0·3–1) have been carriedout to constrain the storage conditions of the sulphur-richmagma of the Huerto Andesite (an anhydrite, pyrrhotite, andS-rich apatite-bearing, post-Fish Canyon Tuff mafic lava). Theresults are used to evaluate the role of fluids released fromthe crystallization of magmas such as the Huerto Andesite onthe remobilization of the largely crystallized dacitic FishCanyon magma body. Experiments were performed using the naturalandesitic bulk composition with and without added sulphur. Thepresence of sulphur slightly affects the phase equilibria bychanging the phase proportions, stability fields of plagioclase,pyroxenes and ilmenite, and also affects the plagioclase composition.Phase equilibria and mineral composition data indicate thatthe magma may have contained 4·5 wt % water in the meltand that the pre-eruptive temperature was 875 ± 25°C.Assuming that the magma was in equilibrium with a fluid phase,the CO₂ concentration of the melt is estimated to be in therange 2000–4000 ppm (at 400 MPa). Before eruption, theandesite had an oxidation state very close to, or slightly within,the co-stability field of anhydrite–pyrrhotite at NNO+ 1·1. At these conditions, the sulphur content in themelt is 500 ppm. Assuming open-system degassing resulting fromcontinuing crystallization at depth, most of the CO₂ dissolvedin the andesitic melt should be released after the crystallizationof <10 vol. % of the magma, corresponding to a cooling from875 to 825–850°C. Thus, the fluids released owingto crystallization processes should be mainly composed of waterat temperatures below 825°C. KEY WORDS: experimental study; andesite; volatile; Fish Canyon Tuff; Huerto Andesite  相似文献