排序方式： 共有50条查询结果，搜索用时 218 毫秒
31.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2015,75(3):335-343
In the Iberian Chains of northeastern Spain, the Hirnantian Orea Shale comprises three erosive glaciogenic unconformities punctuating two transgressive glaciomarine sequences. These sequences represent ice retreat episodes of grounded ice on a North Gondwanan region of 50–60°S of estimated palaeolatitude. In contrast, the same formation recorded in the Hesperian Chains repeated episodes of extensional tectonic activity: diamictites were associated with slope-related debris flows and slumps commonly interrupted by truncating discontinuities.An analysis of δ13Corg in the Orea Shale has revealed that the lower Orea sequence displays isotopically light baseline values (∼ −27‰) punctuated by minor (2–3‰) shifts. In distal parts, the upper sequence is characterised by a rapid rise in δ13Corg values, which mark a positive excursion, in the range of 2.5‰ to 7‰ over 40 cm of thickness. The stratigraphic gap involved in the intra-Orea erosive unconformity appears to be greater both in proximal exposures and slope-related (Hesperian) areas, where the chemostratigraphic shift was not recorded. Upsection in the three studied sections, the δ13C values display upsection a sharp return to baseline values of −26‰ to −28‰.The Hirnantian strata of the Iberian and Hesperian Chains have recorded three major correlatable events: (i) a the karstic surface that caps upper Katian limestones and reflects the maximum glacial extension; (ii) a single δ13Corg positive peak of ∼6‰ that is recognisable in distal ramp settings, marking the beginning of the second ice retreat episode and probably representing the late Hirnantian HICE shift; and (iii) the erosive unconformity marked by the progradation of the Los Puertos shoreline complexes. 相似文献
32.
位于玉树县东偏南约200km处三岔河(四川省境内),北东方位的雅砻江南岸,发现巴颜喀拉地层区的下三叠统不整合在玉树构造带的下二叠统碎屑岩和火山岩的沉积岩层之上;从而肯定了玉树构造带上华力西褶皱基底的存在,为该带早二叠世和晚三叠世两期裂陷槽的成生发展、以及巴颜喀拉三叠纪内陆海沉积盆地的属性提供了论证依据。 相似文献
33.
以岩石学与构造研究相结合为基础，宏观与微观观察为主，地球化学为辅的综合研究方法论证了本区太古代地质体由三套变质建造组成。其中花岗质岩石占７１％，原地深熔紫苏花岗岩为１１．８％，浅色麻粒岩是１．２％，浅粒岩、含砾麻粒岩质浅粒岩（底砾岩）３６．７％和原地深熔花岗岩２０％。高角闪岩相以浅位岩为主原地深熔花岗岩的原岩建造为类磨拉石建造系列，低角闪岩似绿岩建造的原岩建造为镁铁质泥灰岩粉砂岩型复理石建造。其地质体是由６１．２％的层状变质岩系和３１．８％的原地深熔花岗岩组成。根据各建造的地层缺生，底砾岩及低、高角闪岩相矿物共生组合区域性叠加和变辉绿岩群的分布规律，确定三套变质建造为不整合接触，据此提出新的划分方案并与华北地台北部太古界分布区作了对比，事实证明岩石地层学的方法，在太古代地质与成矿研究中仍是有效的。 相似文献
34.
The structural-stratigraphic history of the North Luconia Province, Sarawak deepwater area, is related to the tectonic history of the South China Sea. The Sarawak Basin initiated as a foreland basin as a result of the collision of the Luconia continental block with Sarawak (Sarawak Orogeny). The foreland basin was later overridden by and buried under the prograding Oligocene-Recent shelf-slope system. The basin had evolved through a deep foreland basin (‘flysch’) phase during late Eocene–Oligocene times, followed by post-Oligocene (‘molasse’) phase of shallow marine shelf progradation to present day.Seismic interpretation reveals a regional Early Miocene Unconformity (EMU) separating pre-Oligocene to Miocene rifted basement from overlying undeformed Upper Miocene–Pliocene bathyal sediments. Seismic, well data and subsidence analysis indicate that the EMU was caused by relative uplift and predominantly submarine erosion between ∼19 and 17 Ma ago. The subsidence history suggests a rift-like subsidence pattern, probably with a foreland basin overprint during the last 10 Ma. Modelling results indicate that the EMU represents a major hiatus in the sedimentation history, with an estimated 500–2600 m of missing section, equivalent to a time gap of 8–10 Ma. The EMU is known to extend over the entire NW Borneo margin and is probably related to the Sabah Orogeny which marks the cessation of sea-floor spreading in the South China Sea and collision of Dangerous Grounds block with Sabah.Gravity modelling indicates a thinned continental crust underneath the Sarawak shelf and slope and supports the seismic and well data interpretation. There is a probable presence of an overthrust wedge beneath the Sarawak shelf, which could be interpreted as a sliver of the Rajang Group accretionary prism. Alternatively, magmatic underplating beneath the Sarawak shelf could equally explain the free-air gravity anomaly. The Sarawak basin was part of a remnant ocean basin that was closed by oblique collision along the NW Borneo margin. The closure started in the Late Eocene in Sarawak and moved progressively northeastwards into Sabah until the Middle Miocene. The present-day NW Sabah margin may be a useful analogue for the Oligocene–Miocene Sarawak foreland basin. 相似文献
35.
AbstractNorth-facing recumbent folds in the Palaeozoic rocks of the Garona Dome have been recognized, and a modified pre-Silurian stratigraphic sequence is suggested. The gradual disappearance of part of this sequence may be interpreted as a result of truncation by an unconformable late Ordovician conglomeratic unit. 相似文献
36.
米苍山位于四川盆地北缘,受秦岭造山带由北向南挤压作用的影响,构造变形特征复杂,深入研究米苍山地区构造变形特征对陆内造山作用以及山前冲断带油气勘探具有积极作用。本文通过对米苍山地区的野外地质考察,对地表产状进行详细观测,建立了米苍山地区东河地表地质大剖面,并且利用等倾角区划与轴面分析,对东河剖面进行构造解析,建立了米苍山造山带构造几何学模型,通过构造楔模型分析了米苍山扇形隆升机制,通过不整合面分析,对四川盆地北部米苍山构造变形时间进行了研究。米苍山南缘基底发育4个构造楔,是影响米苍山南部地层抬升的主要原因,其顶部滑脱层为震旦系,底部滑脱层为元古界变质岩,前缘单斜带由嘉陵江-雷口坡组膏岩层作为滑脱层产生的反冲断层控制,寒武系滑脱层与震旦系滑脱层共同影响了大两会背斜的形成,而米苍山北缘则发育单个构造楔,其顶部滑脱层为震旦系,元古界变质岩为底部滑脱层; 通过对米苍山地区不整合面研究,米苍山造山带自中生代以来,至少经历了印支期与燕山期两次大规模的隆升。因此,米苍山前表现为多期次多层滑脱的构造特征。 相似文献
37.
本文在对比研究川滇炉霍、石棉￣冕宁间、嵩明、大理、下关等地，前人所做全 世构造活动资料的基础上，结合近年沿同上地点主要开挖剖面及年代学成果，提出距今约３０００年，可能存在一次重要的构造事件。包括构造位错、古地震的证据表明，晚全新世以来沿炉霍－嵩明这一青藏高原东边界断裂，可能具有一致的运动速率。 相似文献
38.
运用三维地震、钻井资料,揭示了埕岛-桩海地区古生界与太古宇接触面滑脱构造基本特征及形成机理,剖析了其在油气勘探中的作用。主滑脱面为下古生界与太古宇之间的不整合面,表现为沿不整合面发育多条叠瓦状排列上陡下缓的低角度滑脱断层,倾末端收敛于不整合面,并未切穿下伏太古宇地层,致使滑脱断层切割形成的不同块体地层发生明显的翘倾旋转或缺失。平面上自西向东,滑脱强度、滑脱距离存在明显差异,西部滑脱作用强度最大,滑脱距离最远,导致下古生界地层严重缺失,中生界地层直接不整合覆盖于太古宇基底之上;中部滑脱作用活动强烈,滑脱距离较远,古生界潜山表现为一系列类似“飞来峰”的三角形残丘形态;东段滑脱作用活动较弱,古生界潜山被分割成一系列反向断块,各个断块地层保存相对较完整。综合分析表明,研究区潜山滑脱运动主要发生在郯庐断裂左旋走滑向右旋走滑的转换时期;滑脱作用改善了潜山储层物性,主滑脱面、滑脱断层与主油源断层共同构成了本区立体输导网络,为该区整体含油连片提供了有利条件。 相似文献
39.
Tectonically-complex settings present accommodation and sediment supply changes with patterns and rates for which the current sequence stratigraphy paradigms are not designed. In the Tertiary Piedmont Basin (TPB) and Peri-Adriatic Basin (PAB), outcrop and seismic examples demonstrate that the observed stratal and stacking patterns cannot be entirely explained using conventional sequence-stratigraphic models. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to use a model-independent more comprehensive approach encompassing advanced sequence-stratigraphic concepts combined with process changes, while being able to consider the morphostructural complexity that characterizes these margins and their changes induced by basin reshaping.Abrupt relative sea level falls generated by uplift or basin inversion may exceed several hundreds of meters, resulting in wedge-margin progressive unconformities characterized by subaerial and subaqueous erosional truncation. A progressive increase in sediment supply occurs, expressed by increasing volume and size of mass-transport complexes overlain by forced-regressive deltas, as the maximum sediment supply is delayed until after the main uplift. Different accommodation/sediment supply ratios may also occur at the same time along different margins of the same basin, generating a diachronism in the T-R or R-T cycles, adding further complexity to the variability produced by autogenesis.On clastic shelf margins characterized by an increasing rate of relative sea level rise, such as in case of increasing rollback velocities and related flexural tilting, or following an orogenic collapse, sediment supply may not keep pace with increasing accommodation so that initially retrogradation and basinward condensation occur, marked by omission surfaces. However, when the rate of subsidence increases, the succession is punctuated by multiple subaqueous erosional unconformities marking phases of basinward tilting leading to the oversteepening of basin margins and abrupt deepening. The downwarping usually produces large-scale subaqueous erosional surfaces passing laterally into paraconformities, so hinged-margin drowning unconformities affecting clastic shelves occur, associated with regional stratigraphic gaps.The re-establishment of the slope equilibrium profile implies high volume of sediments eroded from drowned deltas and shelves, feeding turbidites deposited at the toe of above-grade slopes. These turbidites can be therefore considered as high accommodation-high sediment supply systems. This suggests that turbidites are delivered basinward not only due to bypass at sequence boundaries or during the highstand progradation of supply-driven deltas, but also due to abrupt accommodation creation on hinged-shelf margin wedges.The great variability of tectonically-driven unconformities generated under either decreasing or increasing accommodation suggests that the features described in the TPB and the PAB are probably not uncommon, controlled by linked dynamic turnarounds of accommodation, sediment supply and stratigraphy taking place throughout the development of basin reorganizations. 相似文献
40.
To understand the sedimentary development of the Boso Forearc Basin, central Japan, since ~ 3 Ma, we investigated paleothermal structure and consolidation trends in the central and eastern parts of the forearc basin through vitrinite reflectance measurements and consolidation tests. Vitrinite reflectance (Rm) was in the range 0.33 % to 0.61 % for the Miura Group in the central part of the forearc basin and 0.34 % to 0.41 % for the Miura and Kazusa Groups in the eastern. These values suggest a roughly uniform vitrinite reflectance for the Miura Group from the central to eastern parts. No significant vitrinite reflectance difference is observed across the ~ 3 Ma Kurotaki Unconformity in the eastern part of the basin. The consolidation yield stress (pc) was calculated as 27.5 MPa and 32.2 MPa for the Kiyosumi and Amatsu Formations of the Miura Group in the eastern part, respectively. Both the pc values are consistent quantitatively with represent the trend of the maximum overburden pressure estimated from the thickness and density of overlying sediments, and the difference in pc is expected by the maximum burial depths of the strata at the sampling localities. Values of pc in the eastern part of the basin increase with thickness of overlying sediment, showing no break across the Kurotaki Unconformity. Considering the eroded thickness of the Miura Group, the continuous trends in vitrinite reflectance and consolidation between the Miura and Kazusa Groups in the eastern part reflect the greater deposition of the eastern part of the Boso Forearc Basin since ~ 2.3 Ma. 相似文献