庐山隆起─滑脱构造   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

毕毕  项新葵 《大地构造与成矿学》1998,22(1):21-28

庐山隆起-滑脱构造呈不对称状,西部外壳宽,出露地层完整;东部外壳窄,缺失地层较多,其内核为-开阔短轴背形,由早元古代星子群深变质及晚元古代、早古生代、中生代花岗岩组成。外壳由中元古代双桥山群浅变质沉积岩和细碧-石英角斑岩,晚元古代汉阳峰组浅变质流纹岩、细碧岩,晚元古代辉绿岩,震旦纪及后震旦纪未变质地层组成。内核与外壳间的接合面原是早元古代星子群与中元古代双桥山群间的平行不整合面,但在庐山隆起-滑脱构造形成过程中,受到了顺层韧性剪切作用及其以后其它构造作用的改造和破坏。以接合面为界,外壳自内向外,顺层韧性剪切变形变质、顺层韧性剪切固态流动褶皱变形由强至弱发生变化,直至无变形变质;而内核从接合面附近向内部,退变质作用逐渐消失。庐山隆起-滑脱构造是在西部挤压,东部拉张的伸展构造环境中形成的,经历了吕梁期雏形（或基础）、晋宁-加里东期形成发展及海西-喜山期改造三个阶段。  相似文献   

Design equations of uplift capacity of circular piles in sands     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Uplift capacity of circular piles in sands is one important design parameter for many pile foundations supporting important structures subjected to tensile forces. Even though a number of formulas based on the limit equilibrium or semi-empirical methods are proposed to predict the uplift capacity of piles in sands, there is a major limitation of the methods in obtaining the accurate predictions. In this paper, the computational limit analysis is employed to investigate the uplift capacity of circular piles in sands. The effects of the important variables including pile length and diameter, soil friction angle and unit weight, and roughness factor at soil-pile interface are examined extensively using the dimensionless parameters while the predicted failure mechanisms associated with the parameters are discussed and compared. Approximate statistical design equations of the uplift capacity of circular piles in sands are developed based on the numerically derived solutions and the existing experimental data. It is found that the proposed design equations provide the most accurate prediction of the uplift capacity of circular piles in sands as compared to the existing formulas.  相似文献   

Maturity modelling integrated with apatite fission-track dating: Implications for the thermal history of the Mid-Polish Trough (Poland)     

M. Resak  U.A. Glasmacher  M. Narkiewicz  R. Littke 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2010

The Mid-Polish Trough (MPT) is situated in the easternmost part of the Central European Basin System (CEBS) and stretches NW–SE across the Polish Basin. It was characterised by pronounced subsidence and thick sediment accumulation between the Permian and the Late Cretaceous. Late Cretaceous–early Paleogene basin inversion led to the formation of the Mid-Polish Swell (MPS). The study area is located within the Pomeranian segment of the MPT/MPS (NW Poland) and experienced up to 7 km Permian-Mesozoic subsidence. PetroMod 1-D modelling was performed on several well-sections in order to study Permian to recent burial-uplift evolution. The modelling was calibrated with new vitrinite reflectance (VR_r) data and allowed to constrain the magnitude of uplift and related erosion as well as provided a first overview of the temperature history. The base of the studied Permian–Mesozoic successions attained maximum burial depths of 4800–5400 m before the onset of the inversion, less than in the axial trough area. The thickness of pre- and most probably also syn-inversion Upper Cretaceous deposits is estimated as 300 m. Erosion associated with inversion processes removed between 900 and 1400 m of the Mesozoic sediments, i.e. 1000–1500 m less than in the most inverted central part of the trough. VR_r data suggest constant Permian–Mesozoic heat flows corresponding to present-day values (40–45 mW/m²). Apatite fission-track (AFT) ages modelled with the PetroMod module PetroTracks show a good fit with AFT ages directly measured on well samples, and further support the assumption of steady heat flow in the range 40–45 mW/m². Palaeotemperatures appear to have decreased towards the East European Craton margin, which is compatible with the present day distribution of heat flow. Thermal history modelling shows a relatively simple Permian–Mesozoic heat flow pattern in the Pomeranian segment of the MPT. Such a scenario implies that the present-day heat flow distribution has not changed essentially since Mesozoic times.  相似文献   

华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层S-Se同位素体系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张斌  朱光有  苏劲  卢玉红 《地学前缘》2012,19(4):276-283

为了进一步理解华南下寒武统Ni-Mo-Se多金属层的物质来源及形成环境,文中分析了遵义中南村和张家界后坪两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层及其围岩的黄铁矿硫同位素和全岩的硒同位素组成。硫同位素组成显示两个Ni-Mo-Se矿层形成时的环境存在区域性差别,中南村矿层形成于间歇开放的海洋环境,而后坪矿层形成于封闭的缺氧（静海）环境。较大的硫同位素范围暗示硫酸盐还原菌控制硫同位素的分馏,而热液流体可能提供了大量金属元素,从而导致矿层富集大量的硫化物和稀有金属。硒同位素组成指示牛蹄塘组底部热液流体的Se可能重新经历了氧化还原循环,而Se的富集过程可能受有机质和粘土矿物吸附或类质同象过程控制。因此,控制多金属富集的因素主要为富集金属的热液流体的参与和缺氧环境下的自生沉积。  相似文献   

鲁西隆起晚中生代盆地重矿物组合分析及其构造响应          下载免费PDF全文

卜香萍  石永红  李忠 《地质科学》2012,(4):1116-1129

本文以鲁西隆起区盆地及周边盆地砂岩中碎屑重矿物为研究对象,通过重矿物的稳定性分析,以及通过不同源区重矿物组合的差异,探讨了鲁西隆起及周边地区晚中生代以来的物源及构造演化过程。研究结果显示,鲁西盆地中生代早期早中侏罗纪时期主要源区为鲁西隆起,中晚侏罗纪时期主要物源为胶东地区和鲁西隆起,而早白垩世时期主要物源为胶东地区,其次才是鲁西隆起。晚白垩世沂沭断裂带盆地物源主要是鲁西隆起和胶东地区,鲁西隆起贡献量大于胶东地区。重矿物的稳定性也折射出源区构造演化历史。早-中侏罗世至中-晚侏罗世,鲁西盆地重矿物物源由鲁西隆起向胶东地区的显著转变,暗示着苏鲁造山带自三叠纪形成之后,经折返抬升,至晚侏罗世之前已经到达地表。重矿物的含量变化显示,早白垩世中期和晚白垩世中期鲁西盆地内沉积了大量的鲁西变质岩矿物组合,并且不稳定重矿物含量急剧增加,我们推测鲁西在早白垩世晚期、晚白垩世中期存在两次构造抬升。  相似文献   

南海北部白云凹陷早中新世东部沉积体系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王永凤  王英民  徐强  黄振凯  李冬 《沉积学报》2012,30(3):461-468

基于白云凹陷东部钻井、岩芯和地震资料,通过地震属性分析、地震相分析及钻井岩芯分析,证实了白云凹陷在23.8~21 Ma之间除存在北部物源外还存在来自东沙隆起的东部物源体系,从而扩大了白云凹陷深水碎屑岩沉积研究领域。通过层序地层学研究和沉积相分析,建立了东部沉积体系沉积及演化模式:该体系在低位域形成海底扇沉积;水进域形成碳酸盐岩和硅质碎屑岩混合沉积;高位体系域主要发育高位三角洲沉积,其主要受相对海平面变化及物源供给控制。  相似文献   

塔中隆起海相碳酸盐岩大型凝析气田成藏特征与勘探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

韩剑发  张海祖  于红枫  吉云刚  孙崇浩  韩杰  董瑞霞 《岩石学报》2012,28(3):769-782

多次资评与勘探实践表明塔中隆起成藏条件优越,海相碳酸盐岩油气资源丰富,奥陶系油气藏集中赋存于上奥陶统礁滩体与下奥陶统风化壳储层中,缝洞系统控制了大型凝析气藏纵向多套叠置-横向准层状分布规律。多学科、动静态一体化研究表明,形成塔中海相碳酸盐岩大型凝析气田主力烃源岩为寒武-奥陶系两套碳酸盐岩,原油具有明显的混源特征,天然气主要来源于中-下寒武统高成熟度原油裂解气。奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩凝析气藏是古油藏在喜山期被寒武系来源的原油裂解气气侵的结果,经历了三期成藏过程,即中晚加里东期、晚海西期原油充注,喜山期注气。两套烃源岩长期供烃是形成塔中奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩大型凝析气田的物质基础,构造作用、岩溶作用是形成了塔中奥陶系多套优质碳酸盐岩储集体的主控因素,断裂、不整合面、缝洞发育带构建的网状油气输导体系是塔中海相碳酸盐岩复式聚集混源成藏的重要保障。塔中奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩具备10亿吨当量的油气资源潜力。  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113001072   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  

J.GregoryShellnutt 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(3):369-394

The late Permian Emeishan large igneous province(ELIP) covers ~0.3 x 106 km2 of the western margin of the Yangtze Block and Tibetan Plateau with displaced,correlative units in northern Vietnam(Song Da zone).The ELIP is of particular interest because it contains numerous world-class base metal deposits and is contemporaneous with the late Capitanian(~260 Ma) mass extinction.The flood basalts are the signature feature of the ELIP but there are also ultramafic and silicic volcanic rocks and layered maficultramafic and silicic plutonic rocks exposed.The ELIP is divided into three nearly concentric zones(i.e.inner,middle and outer) which correspond to progressively thicker crust from the inner to the outer zone.The eruptive age of the ELIP is constrained by geological,paleomagnetic and geochronological evidence to an interval of 3 Ma.The presence of picritic rocks and thick piles of flood basalts testifies to high temperature thermal regime however there is uncertainty as to whether these magmas were derived from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle or sub-lithospheric mantle(i.e.asthenosphere or mantle plume) sources or both.The range of Sr(I_(Sr) = 0.7040-0.7132),Nd(ε_(Nd)(t) ≈-14 to +8),Pb(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb_1≈ 17.9-20.6) and Os(γ_(Os) =-5 to +11) isotope values of the ultramafic and mafic rocks does not permit a conclusive answer to ultimate source origin of the primitive rocks but it is clear that some rocks were affected by crustal contamination and the presence of near-depleted isotope compositions suggests that there is a sub-lithospheric mantle component in the system.The silicic rocks are derived by basaltic magmas/rocks through fractional crystallization or partial melting,crustal melting or by interactions between mafic and crustal melts.The formation of the Fe-Ti-V oxide-ore deposits is probably due to a combination of fractional crystallization of Ti-rich basalt and fluxing of C02-rich fluids whereas the Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits are related to crystallization and crustal contamination of mafic or ultramafic magmas with subsequent segregation of a sulphide-rich portion.The ELIP is considered to be a mantle plume-derived LIP however the primary evidence for such a model is less convincing(e.g.uplift and geochemistry) and is far more complicated than previously suggested but is likely to be derived from a relatively short-lived,plume-like upwelling of mantle-derived magmas.The emplacement of the ELIP may have adversely affected the short-term environmental conditions and contributed to the decline in biota during the late Capitanian.  相似文献   

黔中隆起性质及其构造演化   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

邓新  杨坤光  刘彦良  佘振兵 《地学前缘》2010,17(3):79

"黔中隆起"是雏形于晚寒武世郁南运动的东西向平缓隆起,经历了都匀运动水下隆起向陆上隆起的转化发展阶段。通过对比沉积岩相与古地理研究,黔中隆起水陆转换开始于晚奥陶世涧草沟期,即都匀运动发生的时间,鼎盛时期发育在晚奥陶世五峰期至早志留世龙马溪期。广西运动期间,受到来自南部云开地块与桂滇-北越地块的挤压和南东向华夏地块与扬子板块汇聚、碰撞脉动式收缩的远程效应,出现了以黔中背斜、乌当-二比向斜为代表的东西向构造带和以麻江背斜为代表的南北向构造带共存的现象,之后,"黔中隆起"作为独立意义的构造单元消失,与"江南古陆"相连接进入联合发展时期。东吴运动和峨眉山玄武岩的喷发改变了黔中隆起控制东西走向的沉积古地理格架,变为近南北向,黔中隆起与上扬子地区的构造演化彻底融为一体,标志黔中隆起演化的彻底结束。黔中隆起南缘边界的镇远—贵阳断裂中的钾镁煌斑岩单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为(261.3±8.0)Ma,很好地指示了黔中隆起作为独立单元发展的最后年限。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地南部下奥陶统马家沟组沉积特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

辛勇光  周进高  邓红婴 《海相油气地质》2010,15(4)

依据鄂尔多斯盆地南部早奥陶世古构造、古地理、古水动力以及古气候背景,结合单井、野外露头沉积相分析等认为,秦岭海槽和中央古隆起的存在和演化控制盆地南部马家沟组沉积特征及演化。(1)平面上根据中央古隆起的障壁作用将其分为两大沉积区,西南区和东北区。西南区发育盆地—斜坡—台地边缘相,东北区为障壁潟湖沉积环境;(2)东北区马家沟组由"三云三灰"六段组成,马一、马三、马五段为白云岩、石膏和石盐组成的蒸发岩系,马二、马四、马六段为石灰岩夹白云岩的碳酸盐岩序列,在纵向上构成蒸发岩与碳酸盐岩间互的旋回性沉积。在此基础上进一步建立了马家沟组障壁潟湖沉积模式,该模式具有两个主要特征:(1)中央古隆起作为障壁控制秦岭海与潟湖之间的海水沟通;(2)依据海平面升降旋回将该模式动态地分为三个阶段,即与海侵期相对应的以石灰岩沉积为主的障壁潟湖沉积阶段(阶段Ⅰ)、与海退期相对应的以石灰岩夹蒸发岩沉积为主的障壁咸化潟湖沉积阶段(阶段Ⅱ)和与低海平面期对应的以膏盐岩沉积为主的障壁膏盐湖沉积阶段(阶段Ⅲ)。  相似文献