1999年台湾7.6级大震与江苏-南黄海地区中强震预测   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

门可佩 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(1):121-126

分析讨论了台湾地区7级大震与本区中强震之间相关关系，指出1999年台湾7.6级大震后2－3年内，本区将有5－6级中强震发生。同时应用可公度模型和“带头地震”的异年倍九法联合对本区中强震发震时间进行分析预测。结论表明，该方法可以较好地应用于本区短临地震预报实践。  相似文献   

生态干扰度:一种评价植被天然性程度的方法   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24  

李迈和  Norbert Krauchi  杨健 《地理科学进展》2002,21(5):450-458

地球上现存的植物或森林群落都是植被与其环境长期适应及人类长期干扰影响的结果 ,因此 ,现实的植被反映着历史上人类对它们不同程度的影响。‘生态干扰’的概念常常被用来描述历史上人类对植被或森林影响的大小 ,即‘生态干扰度’;或用来表示现实植被离开它的‘天然植被’的距离 ,即现实植被的‘天然性程度’。如此的‘天然植被’可以是 :( 1 )历史上从未受过人类任何干扰的‘原始植被’;( 2 )基于当前立地的‘潜在的自然植被’。然而 ,成百上千年以来人类对自然的利用干扰 ,致使真正的‘原始植被’现在几乎无处可寻。因此 ,‘潜在的自然植被’被用来作为生态干扰度估计或植被天然性程度评价的参照系。作为一种很实用的生态分析手段 ,生态干扰度的方法已被广泛地应用在农、林、水、景观、城市及自然保护等诸多领域的生态评价上。为此 ,本文论述了生态干扰度的概念、原理、方法和应用实例。  相似文献   

On the spatial relationship between landslides and causative factors on Lantau Island, Hong Kong   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

C. H. Zhou  C. F. Lee  J. Li  Z. W. Xu 《Geomorphology》2002,43(3-4)

This paper presents a statistical approach to study the spatial relationship between landslides and their causative factors at the regional level. The approach is based on digital databases, and incorporates such methods as statistics, spatial pattern analysis, and interactive mapping. Firstly, the authors propose an object-oriented conceptual model for describing a landslide event, and a combined database of landslides and environmental factors is constructed by integrating the various databases within such a conceptual framework. The statistical histogram, spatial overlay, and dynamic mapping methods are linked together to interactively evaluate the spatial pattern of the relationship between landslides and their causative factors. A case study of an extreme event in 1993 on Lantau Island indicates that rainfall intensity and the migration of the center of the rainstorm greatly influence the occurrence of landslides on Lantau Island. A regional difference in the relationship between landslides and topography is identified. Most of the landslides in the middle and western parts of the island occurred on slopes with slope angles of 25–35°, while in the eastern part, the corresponding range is 30–35°. Overlaying landslide data with land cover reveals that a large number of landslides occurred in the bareland and shrub-covered area, and in the transition zones between different vegetation types. The proposed approach can be used not only to analyze the general characteristics of such a relationship, but also to depict its spatial distribution and variation, thereby providing a sound basis for regional landslide prediction.  相似文献   

略论目标规划及交互方法在小康示范村规划中的实践--以西藏贡嘎县沃拉村为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周伟  李祥妹 《山地学报》2003,21(Z1):108-112

建设全面小康社会是我国本世纪头20年的核心内容,目前已经有越来越多的人加入到这一研究领域中,该领域的规划研究工作正在逐渐加强。本文以西藏贡嘎县沃拉村为例,介绍了目标规划及交互方法小康示范村规划中的实践,讨论了规划的过程、建模方法及模型的精度等问题,认为在研究人员的指导下,由村民学习并建模的方法是今后小康村规划的发展方向。  相似文献   

新疆乌鲁木齐地区多年水氡观测资料的统计与分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张学敏  蓝陵  李艳萍 《内陆地震》2003,17(3):259-267

通过对乌鲁木齐地区1980—7．001年的水氡观测资料进行全时域扫描分析，以乌鲁木齐为中心300km范围内Ms≥5．0的地震事件为研究对象，挑选出观测资料中异常时段，用地震预报效能评价评分的方法对水氡观测资料预报地震的能力进行评价。  相似文献   

低应变反射波法在基桩检测中的应用实例及一些问题的探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈昌军 《华南地震》2003,23(2):85-89

根据应力波理论，介绍了用低应变反射波法在桩身完整性检测中的几个应用实例，并对检测中的一些问题作了探讨。  相似文献   

Optimization of the Sampling Technique for the Determination of Dissolved Hydrogen in Groundwater     

Axel Heimann  Silke Marczinek  Karin Kloosb  Stefan Peiffer 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2003,31(6):491-500

In this study a field‐sampling technique for dissolved hydrogen (H₂) in groundwater will be presented which allows the transport of gaseous samples into the laboratory for further analysis. The method consists of transferring the headspace trapped in a gas‐sampling bulb which is continuously purged by groundwater into previously evacuated vials using a gas‐tight syringe. Three transfer steps with preceding evacuation of the vial led to a H₂‐recovery of 100 % in laboratory experiments. The method has been applied to determine H₂ concentrations in an aquifer contaminated with chlorinated solvents. Tests concerning the effect of different pumping techniques on H₂ concentrations revealed that most reliable values were obtained with a bladder pump, while an electrically driven submersible pump generated considerable amounts of hydrogen due to electrochemical interactions with the sampled water. Concentrations of dissolved hydrogen in field and laboratory samples were about two orders of magnitude higher when sampling was performed with the electrically driven submersible pump compared to sampling with the bladder pump and a peristaltic pump. Lab experiments with a Plexiglas reservoir to produce H₂‐enriched water were used to study the effect of two tubing materials (PVC, polyamide) on H₂ losses. PVC tubing turned out to allow transfer of H₂‐enriched water over 25 m without significant losses, while PA‐tubing was not suitable for sampling of H₂.  相似文献   

用激光测距资料解地球定向参数的模型改进     

冯初刚  朱元兰 《测绘学报》2003,32(4):289-292

详细介绍了与SLR观测资料的高精度相适应的解EOP模型的改进，并且在复弧法中使用这个改进模型。当轨道参数为全局量，EOP参数为子弧量时，其中解极移运动Xp，Yp和日长变化率DUTIR的模型的更新，提高了解EOP的精度，特别提高了解DUTIR的精度；同时也提高了整个弧段的定轨精度。在EOP的改进模型中，以周日和半周日为周期的分量虽然对提高EOP本身的精度没有什么帮助，但是对整个弧段定轨精度的提高还是有益的。本文用1995—1999年LAGEOS-1的资料解得的EOP序列精度：Xp达0．43mas，Yp达0．41mas，DUTIR达0．022ms。90天弧长定轨残差好于2cm。  相似文献   

叶面积指数(LAI)的遥感定量方法综述   总被引：65，自引：10，他引：65  

方秀琴  张万昌 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(3):58-62

总结了当前遥感定量研究叶面积指数(LAI)的两种主要方法:统计模型法和光学模型法,阐述了各自的机理和研究进展,在此基础上,讨论了两种方法的优缺点及未来的发展趋势。  相似文献   

西南岩溶石山地区石漠化信息自动提取技术研究   总被引：34，自引：3，他引：34  

童立强 《国土资源遥感》2003,14(4):35-38

介绍了以TM数据为信息源,基于GIS系统平台的矢量化石漠化信息计算机自动提取原理、方法、步骤及提取效果。  相似文献