西昆仑-塔西南坳陷晚古生代以来的沉积构造演化   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

方爱民  马建英  王世刚  赵越  胡健民 《岩石学报》2009,25(12):3396-3406

自柯克亚深层油气勘探取得突破以来,塔西南坳陷一直受到各类地质学家的广泛关注,有关该盆地的形成和演化历史及其油气资源评价近年来更是成为人们的研究热点.本文在总结前人资料的基础上,探讨塔西南和西昆仑地区自晚古生代以来所经历的构造及沉积格架的演变过程,对塔西南坳陷性质及其演化阶段划分所存在的争议进行了归纳,分析了塔西南-西昆仑这一盆山体系形成和演化中的构造变形和沉积记录.总体来说,根据现有沉积和构造变形资料,中生代之前西昆仑和塔西南坳陷分别处于同一构造背景下的不同沉积单元;二者之间盆山体系的形成主要自晚侏罗世-早白垩世,中-上新世是造盆造山作用机制发生重大转折的时期,或者说早更新世末的构造运动基本上奠定了西昆仑.塔里木盆地南缘现今的盆-山构造格架.  相似文献   

河南土门萤石脉型钼矿床流体包裹体研究及成因探讨   总被引：8，自引：7，他引：1  

邓小华  糜梅  姚军明 《岩石学报》2009,25(10):2537-2549

河南方城土门萤石脉型钼矿床位于栾川断裂北侧的华熊地块东南部.矿体呈断续的脉状、似层状、透镜状产于花岗斑岩外接触带,赋矿构造为大理岩与片岩之间的层间断层.矿石主要由萤石、硫化物和碳酸盐等矿物组成.矿脉穿插关系、矿石组构和矿物组合显示了4阶段矿化:分别以白色萤石(Ⅰ阶段)、紫色萤石-辉钼矿(Ⅱ阶段)、辉钼矿多金属硫化物(Ⅲ阶段)以及碳酸盐(Ⅳ阶段)为标志.各阶段萤石中流体包裹体可分为4类:NaCl-H_2O型(W类)、CO_2-H_2O-NaCl型(C类)、纯CO_2型(PC类)及含子晶包裹体(S类).冷热台测试显示,Ⅰ阶段均一温度为300～420℃,峰值为360～410℃,Ⅱ阶段均一温度180～380℃,峰值为220～300℃;Ⅰ阶段流体盐度高达49.68 wt% NaCl eqv.,Ⅱ阶段则不高于13.07 wt%NaCl eqv..从早到晚,W类包裹体平均密度由0.88g/cm~3减小到0.84g/cm~3,C类包裹体CO_2的平均密度由0.66g/cm~3增高到0.82g/cm~3.总体来说,土门萤石-钼矿床形成于中高温、高盐度、富CO_2和F的流体系统,成因上归属于大陆背景的浆控脉状热液成矿系统.  相似文献   

燕山地区1.6～1.0Ga时期碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演化及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

旷红伟  李家华  彭楠  罗顺社  岑超 《地学前缘》2009,16(5):118

依据实测的燕山地区(1.6～1.0Ga)高于庄组—景儿峪组114个碳、氧同位素数据,研究、讨论了中、新元古界碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演化及其地质意义。研究表明,燕山中、新元古界由下至上的地层序列上,碳、氧同位素表现明显的旋回性演化特征,二者多显正相关关系;δ13C在-3‰～3‰区间低幅、高频振荡;δ18O则表现为-2‰～-8‰的高幅、高频波动;δ13C值的增大与沉积环境由潮间向潮下演变、海平面上升、海水变淡、生物量增多相关;降低的δ13C多代表潮间—潮上环境。高于庄组瘤状灰岩及洪水庄组页岩δ13C为低负值,代表最大海泛期沉积。氧同位素组成和变化指示研究区总体为咸化环境,杨庄组上部和雾迷山组下部古海水盐度最高,之后盐度逐渐降低,至雾迷山组上部又有所升高。研究区与天津蓟县和北京十三陵地区的中、新元古代碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成与演化表现出明显的相似性,反映了它们共同受燕山裂陷槽发育的控制;同时,与北美Belt超群和俄罗斯乌拉尔里菲期碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素组成、演变的高度协同性,又说明了中、新元古代碳酸盐岩中碳、氧同位素组成、演化响应于全球古海洋背景和地球化学条件。  相似文献   

Two-stage collision-related extrusion of the western Dabie HP–UHP metamorphic terranes, central China: Evidence from quartz c-axis fabrics and structures     

Sanzhong Li  Timothy M. Kusky  Xiaochun Liu  Guowei Zhang  Guochun Zhao  Lu Wang  Yuejun Wang 《Gondwana Research》2009,16(2):294

The western Dabie orogen (also known as the Hong'an block) forms the western part of the Dabie–Sulu HP–UHP belt, central China. Rocks of this orogen have been subjected to pervasive ductile deformation, and include numerous quartz schists and felsic mylonites cropping out in ductile shear zones. Quartz textures in these mylonites contain important clues for understanding the movement sense of late-collisional extrusion and exhumation of high-pressure–ultrahigh-pressure (HP–UHP) rocks from the lower crustal level to the upper crustal level during Middle Triassic and Early Jurassic. The orientation and distribution of quartz crystallographic axes were used to confirm the regional shear sense across the orogen. The asymmetry of c-axis patterns consistently indicates top-to-the-southeast thrusting across the orogen in early structural stages. Later stages of deformation show different senses of movement in northern and southern parts of the orogen, with top-to-the-northwest sinistral shearing recorded in rocks north of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies belt, and top-to-the-southeast dextral shearing south of the same unit.Based on our study on quartz c-axis fabrics and marco- to micro-scale structures, simultaneous southeastward shearing within a large part of the orogen and normal faulting north of the Xinxian HP–UHP unit is explained by upward extrusion in early stages of deformation. The extrusion process has been attributed to syn- and late-collisional processes, accounting for some earlier deformation in the western Dabie orogen such as metamorphic sequences around the core of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies unit. Much higher pressure of deformation is also indicated in the aligned glaucophane and omphacite from blueschist and eclogite in the field. An orogen-parallel eastward extrusion of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies unit, however, occurred diachronously in later stages of deformation. Therefore, a tectonic model combining an early upward extrusion with a later eastward extrusion is presented. Two different stages and types of extrusion for exhumation of HP–UHP rocks are suitable to all of east central China. Geochronological data shows that the first, upward extrusion occurred during Middle Triassic, the second, eastward extrusion occurred during Late Triassic to Early Jurassic. These two extrusions are correlative with two stages of rapid exhumation of the Dabie HP–UHP rocks, respectively. These two-stage late-collisional (Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic) extrusion events bridge the gap between syn-collisional (Early to Middle Triassic) vertical extrusion and post-collisional (Cretaceous) eastward-directed lateral escape and provide vital clues to understanding the more detailed processes of exhumation of HP–UHP rocks.  相似文献   

桐柏造山带古元古代变质基性岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡娟  刘晓春  曲玮  崔建军 《地球学报》2012,33(3):305-315

桐柏造山带位于秦岭和大别造山带之间,其北侧对应于北秦岭中高级变质杂岩,南侧对应于大别山高压/超高压变质杂岩.锆石U-Pb定年在一个榴辉岩中获得其原岩侵位年龄和锆石重结晶或生长年龄分别为(1961±23) Ma和(1949±51) Ma,在一个石榴角闪岩(退变榴辉岩？)中获得其变质年龄为(1936±26) Ma,表明这两种基性岩石在二叠-三叠纪高压变质之前经历了古元古代变质作用的影响.由桐柏—大别—苏鲁造山带可利用的年代学资料确定,扬子陆块北缘发育的古元古代构造热事件可分为两幕,第一幕发生在约1.97～1.93 Ga,可能与Columbia超大陆的聚合有关;第二幕发生在约1.85～1.82 Ga,或者代表Columbia超大陆汇聚的继续,或者是陆块边缘增生过程的结果.  相似文献   

江南古陆中段沧水铺群锆石U-Pb年龄和构造演化意义   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

高林志刘燕学  丁孝忠张传恒  王自强陈 俊 刘耀荣 《中国地质》2012,39(1):12-20

江南古陆中段湖南益阳地区沧水铺群发育在冷家溪群和板溪群之间,其在地层柱中的位置一直是中国地质学家解疑江南造山带何时启动的关键层位。笔者在沧水铺群中的火山集块岩中获得锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄(821±13)Ma,再次验证了沧水铺群中的火山岩是820 Ma武陵运动之前的火山事件的产物,与武陵运动的启动有关,也说明该期火山岩与冷家溪群中大量的火山凝灰岩为同一构造运动的产物。  相似文献   

南天山南缘下二叠统玄武质岩浆的地球化学特征及其构造意义          下载免费PDF全文

宋红霞  罗金海  唐建云  张晨 《地质科学》2012,(3):886-898

南天山造山带南缘发育大量的下二叠统火山岩。地球化学指标显示南天山南缘西段拜城县宿相厄肯沟出露的下二叠统小提坎立克组玄武岩为拉斑玄武岩(里特曼指数δ=2.93)。 该套岩石低FeO^T、MgO和全碱(Na₂O+K₂O),高CaO和Al₂O₃,相对高钠,低钾; Rb、K、U和Ba 等大离子亲石元素富集; 稀土配分曲线整体协调一致,为向右缓倾的曲线,轻稀土元素(LREE)相对富集; 微量元素配分型式呈"驼峰状"; 玄武岩的母岩浆经历了以单斜辉石为主的分离结晶作用和强烈的陆壳混染作用。同位素组成 ¹⁴³ Nd/¹⁴⁴ Nd =0.512 849±0.000 005, ⁸⁷ Sr/⁸⁶ Sr =0.706 845±0.000 014; -10<ε_Nd(t)<0,且ε_Sr(t)>0,模式年龄T_DM 为1.463 279 765 Ga。 结合区域地质资料表明,小提坎立克组玄武岩形成于板内伸展环境,具有主动裂谷作用性质,说明南天山造山带南缘当时处于碰撞后伸展背景。  相似文献   

Sedimentary response to the intracontinental orogenic process: insight from the anatomy of a small Mesozoic basin in western Yanshan,northern North China     

《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1528-1556

ABSTRACT

The intra-continental orogeny and tectonic evolution of the Mesozoic Yanshan fold-thrust belt (YFTB) in the northern North China Craton (NCC) have been strongly debated. Here, we focus on the Shangyi basin, located in the centre of the YFTB. An integrated analysis of sedimentary facies, palaeocurrents, clast compositions, and detrital zircon dating of sediments was adopted to determine the palaeogeography, provenance, basin evolution, and intra-continental orogenic process. The Shangyi basin comprises the well-exposed Early–early Middle Jurassic Xiahuayuan Formation and the Longmen Formation, and the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Tuchengzi Formation. Based on the 18 measured sections, five facies associations – including alluvial fan, fluvial, delta, lacustrine, and eolian facies – have been identified and described in detail. The onset of the Shangyi basin was filled with fluvial, deltaic, and lacustrine deposits controlled by the normal fault bounding the northern basin, corresponding to the pre-orogeny. In the Middle Jurassic, the cobble–boulder conglomerates of alluvial fan, as molasse deposits, were compatible with the syn-orogeny of the Yanshan movement, which played a critical role in northern North China and even East Asia. After the depositional break in the Middle–Late Jurassic, the Shangyi basin, controlled by the normal fault present in the north of the basin, re-subsided and quickly expanded southward with thick sedimentation, which is correlative with the post-orogeny. Combined with A-type granites, metamorphic core complexes, mafic dikes, and rift basins of the Late Jurassic–early Early Cretaceous present in the northern NCC and Mongolia, significant extension was widespread in the northern NCC and even in northeast Asia. Moreover, vertical changes of provenance indicate that the Taihang Mountain and the Inner Mongolia palaeo-uplift (IMPU) present at the west and north of the basin, respectively, experienced uplift twice in the Middle–Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, resulting in a regional depositional break.  相似文献   

西秦岭楔的构造属性及其增生造山过程   总被引：27，自引：17，他引：10  

闫臻  王宗起  李继亮  许志琴  邓晋福 《岩石学报》2012,28(6):1808-1828

西秦岭楔是叠置于早古生代造山作用基础上形成的并插入祁连和昆仑早古生代造山带内部的楔形地质体,以大面积出露三叠系并发育多条蛇绿混杂岩带、大型韧性剪切带、中生代火山-岩浆作用和斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床为典型特征,具有增生造山作用的典型特征。这些蛇绿混杂岩带和岛弧钙碱性火山-岩浆岩的形成时代均具有向南逐渐变年轻的空间演化特征,显示了特提斯洋演化过程中海沟具有向南撤退的基本特征。砂岩碎屑组成以及源区特征研究结果表明,西秦岭楔三叠系形成于活动大陆边缘,其碎屑沉积物来自于古特提斯洋北侧的增生杂岩及岛弧。丰富的岛弧钙碱性火山-岩浆岩和沉积组合以及赋存的斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,均与东昆仑及南秦岭相一致,呈现出相似的岩石组合类型以及岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学特征。这些事实表明,三叠纪时期,东昆仑、西秦岭以及祁连造山带是一个有机整体,自西向东存在一条三叠纪增生岩浆弧。锆石Hf同位素及岩石地球化学成分结果则表明,该增生岩浆弧部分岩浆来自于俯冲增生杂岩的部分熔融。  相似文献   

江南造山带西南段梵净山地区镁铁质-超镁铁质岩:形成时代、地球化学特征与构造环境   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛怀民  马芳  宋永勤 《岩石学报》2012,28(9):3015-3030

梵净山地区位于江南造山带的西南缘,这里新元古代的镁铁质-超镁铁质岩浆岩广泛发育,岩性包括枕状熔岩、超镁铁质-镁铁质岩床群以及浅成侵入的辉长岩,成分属拉斑玄武岩系列。其中枕状熔岩以富集轻稀土元素和Rb、Ba、Th、U等强不相容元素,亏损高场强元素Nb和Ta,低的εNd(t)值为特征,明显不同于洋脊玄武岩,推测其成因可能与富集型地幔的部分熔融有关,形成于与俯冲有关的弧后小洋盆环境。超镁铁质-镁铁质岩床群主要由辉绿岩和碳酸辉橄岩组成,其中超镁铁质岩床群中出现大量的原生碳酸盐矿物,指示它们形成于拉张(甚至裂谷)的构造环境。辉长岩可能是区内最晚形成的岩浆岩,其SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为821±4Ma。由枕状熔岩经超镁铁质-镁铁质岩床群到辉长岩,高场强元素Nb和Ta的亏损程度减弱、轻稀土元素的富集程度降低、εNd(t)值由负值变为正值,指示随时间的由早到晚,来自亏损地幔的物质不断增加。推测梵净山地区新元古代岩浆作用的顺序大致为:枕状熔岩(～840Ma)→白云母花岗岩(～838Ma)→碳酸超镁铁质岩床群→镁铁质岩床群→辉长岩(～821Ma),构造环境由俯冲-碰撞到拉张-裂谷。  相似文献