基于多方法手段的开山岛海域淮阴-响水口断裂走向研究     

臧小豹  薛怀友  戴俊成 《安徽地质》2015,(2):83-86

淮阴—响水口断裂为江苏地层分区的重要界线,其陆域位置研究历来已久,但海域位置至今尚未明确。本次研究利用多方法手段,首次确定了淮阴-响水口断裂在南黄海海域的具体位置走向,并明确了开山岛地层归属。  相似文献   

北秦岭柳叶河盆地石炭系—二叠系含砾砂岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高春云  郭安林  李兴辉  李侃  刘伟刚 《地质通报》2015,34(9):1689-1698

通过北秦岭黑河地区柳叶河盆地碎屑锆石年龄研究,探讨盆地沉积物年龄结构,并进一步推断其物源及与秦岭造山带的盆山耦合过程。采自柳叶河盆地石炭系—二叠系含砾砂岩样品中的82颗碎屑锆石年龄可分为6组:260~542Ma、800~1100Ma、1320~1560Ma、1640~2250Ma、2300~2660Ma和2720~2870Ma。其中260~542Ma年龄段所占测点比例最大,占锆石总数的31%,其次为1640~2250Ma、2300~2660Ma和800~1100Ma年龄段。最老年龄值为2834±40Ma,最年轻者为264±5Ma。从碎屑锆石年龄结构对比及石炭纪地层交错层理推断,柳叶河盆地石炭系—二叠系物源区主要为当时的北秦岭山地。此外,碎屑锆石年龄结构对比表明,鄂尔多斯盆地南部与柳叶河原始盆地有相同的年龄谱特征,意味着它们具有同一物源区。北秦岭山地是在加里东造山作用后期影响下迅速隆升而形成的。其后,随着南侧勉略洋的打开,华北地台相对沉降及沿商丹带的走滑断陷使柳叶河盆地出现,仍旧处于隆升状态的北秦岭山地开始作为该盆地及其北侧鄂尔多斯盆地南部的主要物源区。  相似文献   

四川1:25万阿坝县幅区调主要成果与进展          下载免费PDF全文

谢启兴  秦宇龙  何文劲  梅刚  易军  庞仁俊 《中国地质调查》2015,2(6):7-19

四川1∶25万阿坝县幅区调,在三叠系多重划分对比与沉积盆地演化、新近—第四纪阿坝盆地演化、主要断裂带的断裂结构及其活动性研究等方面取得了重要进展,对南水北调西线一期工程区进行了详细地质调查,编制了一期工程区带状地质图、引水线路评价剖面图,提出了引水线路优选方案,为区域地质调查拓宽服务领域提供了经验,开展了区域地质调查数字填图系统应用试点工作,对系统运用的可行性、有效性及适用性进行了探讨,初步建立适宜于工程与环境地质调查为侧重点的数字区域地质调查工作流程与方法,提高了区域地质研究程度和成果报告的社会实用性。  相似文献   

采用逻辑回归的汾河流域遗址分布研究     

尚南  于丽君  聂跃平 《测绘科学》2015,(8):47-52

为了更好地指导考古挖掘和理解古人类活动,该文从汾河流域DEM数据中提取高程、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、地表曲率、距河流距离及距大遗址距离等作为自变量,利用二元逻辑回归建立流域内仰韶时期至夏商时期各时期遗址分布模型,对模型结果进行了定量分析并生成了汾河流域各时期遗址分布概率图,在此基础上对汾河流域人类文化遗址的分布特征进行研究。遗址分布模型总体分类精度较好。遗址分布模型对考古工作及古环境研究具有重要价值,可以为考古工作提供决策支持。  相似文献   

北京市河流信息识别与提取     

刘清丽  杨伯钢  张巾卓 《测绘科学》2015,40(4)

针对传统的河流信息识别和提取方法不适用于平原地区城市这一情况,该文基于北京市河流的自然和人文特征,提取城市水系网络,划分流域边界,并对河流的特征信息进行提取;从城市河流的特征识别、信息提取、空间插值等几个方面进行了总结和归纳,并从实际应用的角度进行了案例分析。研究的思路和方法可以为其他城市的相关工作提供参考。  相似文献   

Comparison of basin morphometry derived from topographic maps,ASTER and SRTM DEMs: an example from Kerala,India     

Jobin Thomas  V. Prasannakumar 《国际地球制图》2015,30(3):346-364

The drainage network of a sixth-order tropical river basin, viz. Ithikkara river basin, was extracted from different sources such as Survey of India topographic maps (1: 50,000; TOPO) and digital elevation data of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) (30 m) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mapping Mission (SRTM) (90 m). Basin morphometric attributes were estimated to evaluate the accuracy of the digital elevation model (DEM)-derived drainage networks for hydrologic applications as well as terrain characterization. The stream networks derived from ASTER and SRTM DEMs show significant agreement (with slight overestimation of lower order streams) with that of TOPO. The study suggests that SRTM (despite the coarser spatial resolution) provides better results, in drainage delineation and basin morphometry, compared to ASTER. Further, the variability of basin morphometry among the data sources might be attributed to spatial variation of elevation, raster grid size and vertical accuracy of the DEMs as well as incapability of the surface hydrologic analysis functions in the GIS platform.  相似文献   

基于RS和GIS的秦岭金钱河流域露天采掘场监测研究     

马红利  白穆  张智  王祖亮  李宏建 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(10):161-164

流域是人类活动对生态环境影响的重要监测项目。应用RS与GIS技术,对陕西省内秦岭金钱河流域露天采掘场进行动态监测,得到2007、2009和2011年3期露天采掘场开发现状数据,在此基础上,对比分析近五年来露天采掘场的变化情况,统计出露天采掘场逐年的数量和面积变化。结果表明,近五年来该流域区露天采掘场数量和面积都在逐年增加,但2009~2011年与2007~2009年相比增幅减小,说明金钱河流域露天采掘场开发活动得到了整治,生态环境质量逐渐改善。  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal patterns of tropical deforestation and forest degradation in response to the operation of the Tucuruí hydroelectric dam in the Amazon basin     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2015

The planned construction of hundreds of hydroelectric dams in the Amazon basin has the potential to provide invaluable ‘clean’ energy resources for aiding in securing future regional energy needs and continued economic growth. These mega-structures, however, directly and indirectly interfere with natural ecosystem dynamics, and can cause noticeable tree loss. To improve our understanding of how hydroelectric dams affect the surrounding spatiotemporal patterns of forest disturbances, this case study integrated remote sensing spectral mixture analysis, GIS proximity analysis and statistical hypothesis testing to extract and evaluate spatially-explicit patterns of deforestation (clearing of entire forest patch) and forest degradation (reduced tree density) in the 80,000 km² neighborhoods of the Brazil's Tucuruí Dam, the first large-scale hydroelectric project in the Amazon region, over a period of 25 years from 1988 to 2013. Results show that the average rates of deforestation were consistent during the first three time periods 1988–1995 (620 km² per year), 1995–2001 (591 km² per year), and 2001–2008 (660 km² per year). However, such rate dramatically fell to half of historical levels after 2008, possibly reflecting the 2008 global economic crisis and enforcement of the Brazilian Law of Environmental Crimes. The rate of forest degradation was relatively stable from 1988 to 2013 and, on average, was 17.8% of the rate of deforestation. Deforestation and forest degradation were found to follow similar spatial patterns across the dam neighborhoods, upstream reaches or downstream reaches at the distances of 5 km–80 km, suggesting that small and large-scale forest disturbances may have been influencing each other in the vicinity of the dam. We further found that the neighborhoods of the Tucuruí Dam and the upstream region experienced similar degrees of canopy loss. Such loss was mainly attributed to the fast expansion of the Tucuruí town, and the intensive logging activities alongside major roads in the upstream reservoir region. In contrast, a significantly lower level of forest disturbance was discovered in the downstream region.  相似文献   

江陵凹陷古新统光卤石的发现及其钾盐找矿意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王春连  刘成林  刘宝坤  沈立建  蔡晓琳  余小灿  谢腾骁  王立成  赵艳军  宣之强 《地质学报》2015,89(1):129-136

通过薄片鉴定和XRD等分析,在江陵凹陷古新统发现光卤石矿物,单层厚度达23cm,经化学分析该层含光卤石石盐岩中光卤石含量为1.6%。光卤石在江陵凹陷古新统有两种产出状态:一种是被包裹在石盐岩内,呈颗粒状分布,粒度大小0.1~0.5mm;另一种是充填硬石膏孔隙中,粒度大小0.1~0.2mm。经石盐包裹体测温、碳氧同位素和元素地球化学研究,确定了江陵凹陷古新统时期的古气候属于"暖旱"型。江陵凹陷古近纪时期属于裂谷型小盆地,构造期沉降较大,盆地封闭性良好,同时期火山活动频繁,为凹陷带来丰富的成矿物质,火山期后的温热泉水补给同样也为凹陷带来丰富的成矿物质;裂谷的某些部分与大洋沟通,接受海水补给。这样的构造条件、物质条件与古近纪时期的干旱气候相互耦合,出现光卤石沉积。江陵凹陷古新统光卤石发现,说明在该时期江陵凹陷卤水已演化到析出钾盐阶段,具有重要找钾指示意义。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘延长组地层热演化史研究： 镜质体反射率和磷灰石裂变径迹证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄志刚  任战利  陈玉林 《地质学报》2015,89(5):909-916

对鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘韩城和洛南地区的晚三叠世延长组地层的6件样品进行了煤线和碳质泥岩的镜质组反射率测定,同时测定了同组地层6件砂岩样品的磷灰石裂变径迹.结果表明鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘晚三叠世延长组热演化程度较高,韩城地区R0值在0.65％～0.78％之间.洛南地区由于受秦岭中生代陆内造山作用的影响,三叠系延长组Ro值高达2.67％～3.71％.实际测得的裂变径迹年龄,随深度增加裂变径迹年龄减小,根据裂变径迹年龄及长度恢复出每个样品所经历的热历史.研究结果表明鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘中生代晚期存在一期约100 Ma的重要构造热事件,东南缘韩城地区与洛南地区属于不同的热演化史类型,韩城地区属于埋藏增温型,而洛南地区属于受构造岩浆活动控制类型.这一认识与野外地质证据一致.  相似文献