Melt-filled hybrid fractures in the oceanic mantle: Melt enhanced deformation during along-axis flow beneath a propagating spreading ridge axis     

C.L. Andronicos  J. Phipps Morgan  J.M. Chang  D.E. Wolf 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2008,273(3-4):270-278

Mid-ocean ridges represent important locations for understanding the interactions between deformation and melt production, transport, and emplacement. Melt transport through the mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges is closely associated with deformation. Currently recognized transport and emplacement processes at ridges include: 1) dikes and sills filling stress-controlled fractures, 2) porous flow in a divergent flow field, 3) self-organizing porous dunite channels, and 4) shear zones. Our recent observations from the sub-oceanic mantle beneath a propagating ridge axis in the Oman ophiolite show that gabbronorite and olivine gabbro dikes fill hybrid fractures that show both shear and extensional components of strain. The magnitudes of shear strain recorded by the dikes are significant and comparable to the longitudinal extensions across the dikes. We suggest that the hybrid dikes form from the interactions between shear deformation and pressurized melt in regions of along-axis flow at mid-ocean ridges. The displacement across the dikes is kinematically compatible with high temperature flow recorded by plastic fabrics in host peridotites. Field observations and mechanical considerations indicate that the dikes record conditions of higher stress and lower temperature than those recorded by the plastic flow fabrics. The features of hybrid dikes suggest formation during progressive deformation as conditions changed from penetrative plastic flow to strain localization along melt-filled fractures. The combined dataset indicates that the dikes are formed during along-axis flow away from regions of diapiric upwelling at propagating ridge segments. Hybrid dikes provide a potentially powerful kinematic indicator and strain recorder and define a previously unrecognized mechanism of melt migration. Our calculations show that hybrid dikes require less melt pressure to form than purely tensile dikes and thus may provide a mechanism to tap melt reservoirs that are under-pressurized with respect to lithostatic pressure.  相似文献   

班公湖-怒江洋早-中侏罗世洋内俯冲:来自洞错蛇绿岩的证据   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

范建军  张博川  刘海永  刘一鸣  于云鹏  郝宇杰  阿旺旦增 《岩石学报》2019,35(10):3048-3064

本文在班公湖-怒江缝合带中段洞错蛇绿岩中新厘定一套洋内俯冲成因的岩石组合,岩性以橄榄岩、堆晶岩(包括堆晶辉长岩和斜长花岗岩)、辉长岩墙、枕状熔岩和辉绿岩脉等为主。堆晶辉长岩、辉长岩墙和辉绿岩脉锆石U-Pb测年显示,它们形成于中侏罗世(172～165Ma)。辉长岩墙和辉绿岩脉地球化学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析显示,它们兼具N-MORB和岛弧玄武岩地球化学特征,且均来自亏损地幔源区,形成过程中受到了俯冲流体的影响。结合区域上同时期的玻安岩、高镁安山岩和钙碱性岩浆岩等资料,我们得出班公湖-怒江缝合带内保存了一套相对完整的早-中侏罗世洋内弧岩石层序,记录了班公湖-怒江洋早-中侏罗世时期的洋内俯冲事件。早-中侏罗世是班公湖-怒江洋快速消减期,洋内俯冲和洋-陆俯冲同时存在。  相似文献   

东昆仑没草沟蛇绿岩地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义     

王国良  刘建栋  杨雪松  刘荣  曹锦山  韩海臣  陈丽娟 《地质通报》2019,38(4):573-591

重点介绍了没草沟蛇绿岩岩石组合、地球化学特征等,并对该蛇绿岩构造背景进行了讨论。该蛇绿岩位于青海省格尔木市,构造上处于东昆仑复合造山带西段,岩石组合由变质基性玄武岩及少量辉绿岩、辉长岩、变质橄榄岩、辉橄岩等组成。岩石主量和微量元素特征显示该蛇绿岩与俯冲无关,属正常洋中脊型玄武岩。前人开展的地质调查表明,该蛇绿岩形成于晚奥陶世。通过对没草沟蛇绿岩中玄武岩和辉长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,分别获得了488.2±2.1Ma和500.8±2.2 Ma的年龄数据,确定该蛇绿岩形成时代为中寒武世—早奥陶世。该同位素年龄的获得填补了该地区蛇绿岩无时代依据的空白,同时反映古特斯洋在本区的残留。综合区域地质特征认为,没草沟蛇绿岩早期为初始洋盆环境,晚期有洋脊扩张中心环境的玄武岩形成。寒武纪早期是洋盆发育的全盛期,奥陶纪晚期洋壳发生消减,于晚志留世洋盆基本闭合,后期伴有绿片岩相变质作用。  相似文献   

Origin and evolution of Suru Valley ophiolite peridotite slice along Indus suture zone,Ladakh Himalaya,India: Implications on melt-rock interaction in a subduction-zone environment     

《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(1):78-93

In this paper, we present whole-rock and mineral geochemistry of serpentinized peridotites from the Suru Valley ophiolite slice Ladakh Himalaya, in an attempt to put constraints on their petrogenesis and tectonic evolution in the context of Mesozoic Neo-Tethys Ocean. On the basis of petrographic study, Suru Valley serpentinized peridotites can be identified as serpentinized harzburgites. Relative to primitive mantle these rocks have depleted major and rare earth element (REE) geochemical characteristics comparable to ocean floor mantle rocks reflecting their mantle residual nature. However, higher abundance of highly incompatible large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Rb, Ba, Th, U, Pb and Sr), reflect metasomatism in a subduction zone environment. The presence of silicate assemblage includes Mg-rich olivine (Fo_90-92) and orthopyroxene (En_91-93 Fs_6.4-8.7) of supra-subduction zone affinity. Evaluation of mineral and whole-rock geochemistry suggests that the Suru Valley ophiolitic peridotites represent residues left after moderate degrees of partial melting thereby underwent metasomatism in a supra-subduction zone environment related to north dipping intra-oceanic island arc during Cretaceous in the context of Mesozoic Neo-Tethys ocean.  相似文献   

西藏罗布莎豆荚状铬铁矿床深部找矿突破与成因模式讨论   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

章奇志  巴登珠  熊发挥  杨经绥 《中国地质》2017,44(2):224-241

中国铬铁矿资源的瓶颈状态已持续多年。最近,在西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩的深部勘探发现200万t致密块状铬铁矿床,这是中国近50年来铬铁矿找矿的重大突破,对今后继续寻找同类型的铬铁矿床具有重要指导意义。蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中产出的豆荚状铬铁矿床是工业需求铬的重要来源。研究豆荚状铬铁矿的成矿作用和矿体围岩地幔橄榄岩地质特征,建立铬铁矿的成矿模型和找矿标志,是开展寻找同类型矿床的重要保证。随着近些年在豆荚状铬铁矿及围岩地幔橄榄岩中金刚石等深部矿物的不断发现和深入研究,人们对蛇绿岩型铬铁矿的物质来源和形成过程,有了新的认识,提出了铬铁矿的深部成因模式。研究认为深部成因铬铁矿床主要经历了4个阶段:(1)早期俯冲到地幔过渡带(410~660 km)的陆壳和洋壳物质被脱水和肢解,过渡带产生的热和流体促成了地幔的熔融和Cr的释放和汇聚;(2)铬铁矿浆在地幔柱驱动下,运移到过渡带顶部冷凝固结,并有强还原的流体进入,后者携带了深部形成的金刚石、斯石英等高压矿物,进入"塑性—半塑性地幔橄榄岩"中;(3)随着物质向上移动,深度降低,早期超高压相矿物发生相变,如斯石英转变成柯石英,高压相的铬铁矿中出溶成柯石英和单斜辉石;(4)在侵位过程和俯冲带环境下,含水熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应形成了不含超高压矿物的规模相对较小的浸染状铬铁矿及纯橄岩岩壳。进一步研究表明,同处雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段的几个大型地幔橄榄岩岩体与罗布莎岩体可以对比,经历了相同的构造背景和豆荚状铬铁矿的成矿作用,存在较大的找矿空间。  相似文献   

西藏永珠——果芒错蛇绿岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

叶培盛  吴珍汉  胡道功  江万  杨欣德 《现代地质》2005,19(4):508-514

永珠-果芒错蛇绿岩位于西藏永珠藏布-纳木错蛇绿岩带西段,主要由变质橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩及玄武岩等组成。变质橄榄岩以富Mg,贫Ti、∑REE为特征。辉绿岩和玄武岩的主量元素、微量元素分析显示其含有洋脊拉斑玄武岩和岛弧拉斑玄武岩的双重成分特征,其中高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等）亏损,大离子亲石元素（Rb、Sr、Ba等）相对富集,具有岛弧玄武岩的特点;在球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图上显示稀土元素特征为LREE亏损的平坦型,无负Eu异常,与洋中脊玄武岩的特征类似。通过与典型地区作对比和应用构造环境判别图解,推断永珠-果芒错蛇绿岩形成于弧后盆地的构造环境。  相似文献   

The genesis of the carbonatized and silicified ultramafics known as listvenites: a case study from the Mihalıççık region (Eskişehir), NW Turkey     

Mehmet Akbulut   zkan Pi&#x;ki&#x;n  Ali&#x; &#x;hsan Karayi&#x;i&#x;t 《Geological Journal》2006,41(5):557-580

The Mihalıççık region (Eskişehir) in NW Turkey includes an ophiolitic assemblage with a serpentinite‐matrix mélange. The serpentinites of this mélange host silica‐carbonate metasomatites which were previously named as listvenites. Our mineralogical and geochemical studies revealed that these alteration assemblages represent members of the listvenitic series, mainly the carbonate rocks, silica‐carbonate rocks and birbirites, rather than true listvenites (sensu stricto). Tectonic activity and lithology are principal factors that control the formation of these assemblages. Carbonatization and silicification of the serpentinite host‐rock is generated by CO₂, SiO₂‐rich H₂O hydrothermal fluid which includes As, Ba, Sb and Sr. Low precious metal (Au, Ag) contents of the alteration assemblages indicate lack of these metals in the fluid. Primary assemblages of the alteration are carbonate rocks that are followed by silica‐carbonate rocks and birbirites, respectively. Petrographic studies and chemical analyses suggested an alkaline and moderate to high temperature (350–400°C) fluid with low oxygen and sulphur fugacity for the carbonatization of the serpentinites. The low temperature phases observed in the subsequent silicification indicated that the fluid cooled during progressive alteration. The increasing Fe‐oxide content and sulphur phases also suggested increasing oxygen and sulphur fugacity during this secondary process and silica‐carbonate rock formation. The occurrence of birbirites is considered as a result of reactivation of tectonic features. These rocks are classified in two sub‐groups; the Group 1 birbirites show analogous rare earth element (REE) trends with the serpentinite host‐rock, and the Group 2 birbirites simulate the REE trends of the nearby tectonic granitoid slices. The unorthodox REE trend of Group 2 birbirites is interpreted to have resulted from a mobilization process triggered by the weathering solutions rather than being products of enrichment by the higher temperature hydrothermal activity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

东帕米尔及邻区古生界基性火山岩地球化学特征与构造属性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丁道桂  刘伟新  王道轩  孙世群 《新疆地质》2003,21(1):96-102

西昆仑山库地、乌依塔格地区的超铁镁质岩及基性火山岩的岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素特征表明：在震旦－早古生代时期塔里木板块南部的被动陆缘上存在一个扩张规模有限的边缘海洋盆;而在喀喇昆仑山南带的明铁盖地区下二叠统的深海相的硅质岩、纹泥岩、滑塌堆积物及基性火山岩岩石化学、微量、稀元素特征表明,是属于塔里木板块南部活动大陆边缘上的弧后盆地,陆壳的增生是以软碰撞的方式实现的。  相似文献   

金沙江蛇绿岩带蛇纹岩中异剥钙榴岩的成因及意义   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

魏君奇  陈开旭 《矿物岩石》2003,23(4):70-73

金沙江蛇绿岩带绒角蛇绿岩由超镁铁岩与异剥辉长岩岩脉组成,在蛇绿岩就位过程中,异剥辉长岩岩脉碎裂为不规则的岩块包裹于超镁铁岩中,形成超镁铁岩中的构造包体。经过交代蚀变作用,超镁铁岩形成蛇纹岩,异剥辉长岩形成异剥钙榴岩。异剥钙榴岩的形成是超镁铁岩蛇纹石化和异剥辉长岩中斜长石钙铝榴石化循环作用的结果,并与对蛇绿岩起过作用的构造运动有关系,是变形作用伴随交代作用的产物。绒角蛇绿岩中的异剥钙榴岩的发现,说明金沙江蛇绿岩带不存在榴辉岩,其变质相属葡萄石一绿泥石低温低压相．也说明金沙江蛇绿岩带是洋壳残片“冷侵入”的产物。  相似文献   

P-T paths from high temperature shear zones beneath ophiolites     

R. A. JAMIESON 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1986,4(1):3-22

Abstract Mctamorphic rocks of the St Anthony Complex of north-western Newfoundland are best interpreted in terms of a high-temperature shear zone formed between down-going continental margin rocks and overriding oceanic lithosphere in a subduction zone. High-grade rocks, immediately beneath the oceanic lithosphere peridotite, display retrograde meta-morphism in high-strain zones, whereas lower grade rocks, near the base of the metamorphic complex, display prograde metamorphism in high-strain zones. Mylonite zones in meta-basitcs at all levels in the complex contain the assemblage epidote-hornblende-albite-sodic oligoclase. These observations suggest that the 'inverted metamorphic gradient'within the St Anthony Complex results from the fortuitous preservation of residual metamorphic assemblages from different crustal levels within an epidote amphibolite facies shear zone. The degree of re-equilibration is strongly dependent on the degree of strain, and is best achieved in synmetamorphic mylonite zones. This interpretation of the St Anthony Complex can be extended to other sub-ophiolite metamorphic sheets, which show very similar relationships. It is proposed that most metamorphic sheets beneath ophiolites are high temperature shear zones, the P-T paths of which preserve records of burial and exhumation in subduction zones.  相似文献