高含沙泥浆模型试验及其糙率纠正     

归豪域  刘曙光  吴晓峰 《上海国土资源》2007,35(1):36-39,53

国内许多年久失修的地下设施在废弃时面临巨大的安全隐患,而利用高含沙泥浆进行填充是有效而经济的方法。在进行填充前,对管道填充的可行性需要建立模型进行试验研究。在模型试验研究时遇到的模型不相似问题是影响模型试验准确性的重要因素,因此要对试验所得数据进行修正。在本次研究中我们通过对于试验所得流速数据进行糙率纠正解决了糙率不相似的问题。  相似文献   

楚雄盆地洒芷油砂地质特征及成藏模式   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

王清斌  单玄龙  臧春艳  高有峰 《世界地质》2007,26(1):52-57

楚雄盆地洒芷油砂矿位于元谋隆起西部边缘洒芷背斜上。洒芷油砂充填在上三叠统舍资组-干海资组砂岩孔隙和裂隙中，油砂多层分布，厚度变化大。通过薄片分析确定，储集层砂岩有效面孔率为9．13％～12．66％，结构成熟度和成分成熟度中等，储层次生孔隙和裂缝发育。湖相三角洲平原分流河道和三角洲前缘河口坝砂体为有利储层。洒芷油砂是古油藏经历燕山期和喜山期多次强烈构造活动改造而形成，成藏模式可以概括为：成藏-抬升氧化-埋深再成藏-热变质-抬升再氧化。  相似文献   

广东珠江口-东平近海浅地层剖面的声学特征及地质意义     

赵铁虎  张训华  王修田  李军  杨源 《物探化探计算技术》2007,29(3):183-188

在对2005年广东珠江口-东平近海海域实测浅地层声学剖面资料进行地质解释的基础上,划分出八个地震相单元(亚单元),建立了调查区浅地层的沉积格架。对调查区内发育的沙脊、潮沟充填沉积体、浅海沙席和沙波等海底砂质地质体,以及埋藏潮流沙脊、大型充填潮沟和埋藏古河道等地质体的特征有了较深入的了解。对砂矿赋存条件、砂体厚度及物源供给等因素进行了讨论。  相似文献   

JMD型滤池双层滤料的净水试验及比较     

王飞际孙恒战  翟瑞忠于桂芳张滨  荆保沢 《中国煤田地质》2007,19(6):52-53,75

大量的试验数据表明石英砂和陶粒组成的双层滤料，其净水处理性能明显好于石英砂和无烟煤双层滤料以及单层石英砂滤料，特别是出水浊度、微絮凝作用，反冲洗周期、藻类的去除、絮凝剂的使用量等指标上具有明显优势，陶粒做为一种新的水处理滤料，正被应用于净水和污水处理。  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal characteristics of small-scale wave–current ripples on the Ameland ebb-tidal delta     

Laura Brakenhoff  Maarten Kleinhans  Gerben Ruessink  Maarten van der Vegt 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(5):1248-1261

Ebb-tidal deltas are highly dynamic environments affected by both waves and currents that approach the coast under various angles. Among other bedforms of various scales, these hydrodynamics create small-scale bedforms (ripples), which increase the bed roughness and will therefore affect hydrodynamics and sediment transport. In morphodynamic models, sediment transport predictions depend on the roughness height, but the accuracy of these predictors has not been tested for field conditions with strongly mixed (wave–current dominated) forcing. In this study, small-scale bedforms were observed in the field with a 3D Profiling Sonar at five locations on the Ameland ebb-tidal delta, the Netherlands. Hydrodynamic conditions ranged from wave dominated to current dominated, but were mixed most of the time. Small-scale ripples were found on all studied parts of the delta, superimposed on megaripples. Even though a large range of hydrodynamic conditions was encountered, the spatio-temporal variations in small-scale ripple dimensions were relatively small (height 0.015 m, length 0.11 m). Also, the ripples were always highly three-dimensional. These small dimensions are probably caused by the fact that the bed consists of relatively fine sediment. Five bedform height predictors were tested, but they all overestimated the ripple heights, partly because they were not created for small grain sizes. Furthermore, the predictors all have a strong dependence on wave- and current-related velocities, whereas the ripple heights measured here were only related to the near-bed orbital velocity. Therefore, ripple heights and lengths in wave–current-dominated, fine-grained coastal areas ( mm) may be best estimated by constant values rather than values dependent on the hydrodynamics. In the case of the Ameland ebb-tidal delta, these values were found to be m and m. ©2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

利用地基土应力分布原理确定砂垫层厚度     

刘翔  姜秀萍 《国土资源》1998,(2)

软弱土层场地若采用天然地基不能满足建筑物所需强度与沉降要求,采用换土撼砂法就可以提高地基的承载力。运用应力分布原理合理确定撼砂层厚度不仅可保证工程稳固性,并可节约投资和缩短工期。  相似文献   

Extractable and total Fe and Mn contents of three sand dune soils in NW Nigeria     

B.A. Raji  V.O. Chude  I.E. Esu 《Journal of Arid Environments》1998,38(4):585-596

The profile distribution of total, diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA)- and 0·1 HCl-extractable Fe and Mn were determined in 12 pedons formed on three contiguous sand dunes in the semi-arid savanna of Nigeria. The total Fe and Mn contents varied from 100 to 3750 and 40 to 11,375 μg g⁻¹, respectively. Values of 0·1 HCl-extractable Fe and Mn varied from 8·0 to 123 and 1·5 to 43·5 μg g⁻¹, respectively. The corresponding values of DTPA-extractable Fe and Mn were 4·5 to 16·0 and 1·0 to 38·8 μg g⁻¹. Total Fe and Mn correlated significantly with clay in nearly all the dunes (p≤ 0·01) but were not significantly correlated with organic matter. The 0·1 HCl-extractable Mn had a positive significant correlation with soil pH (r= 0·58*) in Illela dunes but a negative significant correlation with pH in the Sangiwa dunes (r= −0·75***). The values of extractable Fe and Mn in the sand dune soils are above the critical limits reported in other literature, thus deficiencies of these micronutrients do not pose a problem to crop production in the study area.  相似文献   

Life in sandy deserts: the scorpion model     

Victor Fet  Gary A. Polis  W.David Sissom 《Journal of Arid Environments》1998,39(4):609-622

The biology, ecology, biogeography, phylogeny, and evolution of sand-dwelling scorpions are reviewed. We present general features of sand that form the ecological theatre on which psammophiles have evolved. Sand scorpions, compared to those that live off sand, are not very diverse in any one local habitat, although they are often relatively abundant. Worldwide, they are represented by 29 genera, 11 of which exist exclusively in sand. Endemic genera belong to non-related families, suggesting that psammophilic adaptations evolvedin situin different sand deserts of the world.  相似文献   

黄河下游引黄区沉沙处理运行方案分析研究^*     

唐登银  高善明 《地理研究》1998,17(4):401-408

黄河是多沙性河流,引黄必带进大量泥沙,沉沙池沉粗排细,能有效处理泥沙。当沉沙池淤满,失去自流沉沙作用时,采用"以挖待沉"可以延长灌区运行年限,但没有扬水沉沙方案优越。根据黄河下游地上河的特殊地貌条件,如果能在河漫滩上建沉沙池,可以解决沉沙占地的难题。  相似文献   

我国极端干旱区边缘阿羌砂尘堆积剖面的地质时代   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

李保生  李森 《地质学报》1998,72(1):83-92

根据对昆仑山北麓阿羌地区第四纪风成砂尘沉积物的调查、地层对比和107组古地磁标本(321块样品)的测定结果认为,阿羌地层剖面记录了Brunhes时以来我国极端干旱区最完整的风成砂尘堆积序列;剖面中间冰期形成的生草层1PE和细粒风尘堆积29FGL、31FGL、33FGL、35FGL、37FGL、39FGL、42FGL在形成的地质时代上可依次与黄土高原古土壤S_0、S_1、S_2、S_3、S_4、S_5、S_6、S_7进行对比,而与1PE和细粒风尘堆积29FGL、……、42FGL互为叠覆的冰期气候形成的风成极细砂和粗粒风尘堆积则可与黄土高原黄土L_1、……、L_8进行对比。此外,在阿羌剖面砂尘堆积底部42FGL层中发现有0.7 Ma B P前的宇宙尘埃物质,这对于该地风成砂尘下限年代的确定、研究极端干旱区气候的发展历史和晚新生代地外灾变事件的对比具有重要意义。  相似文献