青海湖流域瓦颜山湿地辐射平衡和地表反照率变化特征     

张乐乐  高黎明  陈克龙 《冰川冻土》2018,40(6):1216-1222

利用2014年5月至2015年11月青海湖流域瓦颜山湿地观测的辐射资料,综合分析了辐射相关因子的变化特征。结果表明：瓦颜山湿地总辐射和净辐射的最大值都出现在7月,最小值都出现在12月;大气长波辐射最大值出现在8月,最小值出现在12月;地面长波辐射最大值出现在7月,最小值出现在2月。阴天对总辐射和地面反射辐射削弱作用比较明显,对大气长波辐射增强作用明显,对地面长波辐射和净辐射的影响季节差异性很大。瓦颜山湿地地表反照率的年均值为0.26。在无积雪覆盖条件下,地表反照率在冻结期明显大于消融期,最大值出现在12月。夏季地表反照率均值为0.185,略小于下垫面同为草甸的青藏高原唐古拉站。在暖季,土壤水分也是影响高寒湿地地表反照率变化的重要因子,随着表层土壤含水量的增加,地表反照率随之减小。  相似文献   

Surface albedo from the geostationary Communication,Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS)/Meteorological Imager (MI) observation system     

Chang Suk Lee  Jong-Min Yeom  Kyeong-sang Lee  Minji Seo  Jinkyu Hong 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(1):38-62

The surface albedo is an essential climate variable that is considered in many applications used for predicting climate and understanding the mechanisms of climate change. In this study, surface albedo was estimated using a bidirectional reflectance distribution function model based on Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite/Meteorological Imager data. Geostationary orbiting satellite data are suitable for a level 2 product like albedo, which requires a synthetic process to estimate. The authors modified established methods to consider the geometry of the solar-surface-sensor of COMS/MI. Of note, the viewing zenith angle term was removed from the kernel integration used for estimating spectral albedo. Finally, the spectral (narrow) albedo was converted into the broadband albedo with shortwave length (approximately 0.3–2.5 μm). This study determined conversion coefficients using only one spectral albedo of visible channel. The estimated albedo had a relatively high correlation with Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre/Vegetation and low unweighted error values specific for land types or times. The validation results show that estimated albedo has a root mean square error of 0.0134 at Jeju flux site that indicates accuracy similar to that of other satellite-based products.  相似文献   

Intra-annual variability of satellite observed surface albedo associated with typical land cover types in China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

LIU Zhengjia  SHAO Quanqin  TAO Jian  CHI Wenfeng 《地理学报》2015,25(1):35-44

Surface albedo is a primary causative variable associated with the process of surface energy exchange. Numerous studies have examined diurnal variation of surface albedo at a regional scale; however, few studies have analyzed the intra-annual variations of surface albedo in concurrence with different land cover types. In this study, we amalgamated surface albedo product data (MCD43) from 2001 to 2008, land-use data (in 2000 and 2008) and land cover data (in 2000); quantitative analyses of surface albedo variation pertaining to diverse land cover types and the effect of the presence/absence of ground snow were undertaken. Results indicate that intra-annual surface albedo values exhibit flat Gaussian or triangular distributions depending upon land cover types. During snow-free periods, satellite observed surface albedo associated with the non-growing season was lower than that associated with the growing season. Satellite observed surface albedo during the presence of ground snow period was 2-4 times higher than that observed during snow-free periods. Surface albedo reference values in typical land cover types have been calculated; notably, grassland, cropland and built-up land were associated with higher surface albedo reference values than barren while ground snow was present. Irrespective of land cover types, the lowest surface albedo reference values were associated with forested areas. Proposed reference values may prove extremely useful in diverse research areas, including ecological modeling, land surface process modeling and radiation energy balance applications.  相似文献   

利用Landsat TM数据和地面观测数据验证GLASS反照率产品   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王立钊  郑学昌  孙林  刘强  刘素红 《遥感学报》2014,18(3):547-558

Global LAnd Surface Satellite Products System(GLASS)反照率产品基于Angular Bin(AB)算法,仅使用单一观测角度的地表或大气层顶反射率数据就能较为准确地反演地表宽波段反照率,具有较高的时间分辨率,可以反映降雪、融雪、收割等状况下地表反照率的快速变化。遵循"一检两恰"的验证流程对这一反照率产品进行验证,首先使用FLUXNET站点验证数据对AB算法反演的Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM)高分辨地表反照率数据进行验证,再将TM高分辨反照率聚合到GLASS像元尺度对GLASS反照率产品进行验证。挑选FLUXNET的5个站点,筛选无云条件下的TM高分辨率影像,共获得103组有效验证数据。验证结果表明,GLASS反照率产品具有较高的精度,总体误差约为0.0163,可以满足大多数应用的精度需求。  相似文献   

Potential impact of albedo incorporation in boreal forest sector climate change policy effectiveness     

Hanne K. Sjølie  Greg S. Latta  Birger Solberg 《Climate Policy》2013,13(6):665-679

Forests have an important role to play in climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration and wood supply. However, the lower albedo of mature forests compared to bare land implies that focusing only on GHG accounting may lead to biased estimates of forestry's total climatic impacts. An economic model with a high degree of detail of the Norwegian forestry and forest industries is used to simulate GHG fluxes and albedo impacts for the next decades. Albedo is incorporated in a carbon tax/subsidy scheme in the Norwegian forest sector using a partial, spatial equilibrium model. While a price of EU€100/tCO₂e that targets GHG fluxes only results in reduced harvests, the same price including albedo leads to harvest levels that are five times higher in the first five years, with 39% of the national productive forest land base being cleared. The results suggest that policies that only consider GHG fluxes and ignore changes in albedo will not lead to an optimal use of the forest sector for climate change mitigation.

Policy relevance

Bare land reflects a larger share of incoming solar energy than dense forest and thus has higher albedo. Earlier research has suggested that changes in albedo caused by management of boreal forest may be as important as carbon fluxes for the forest's overall global warming impacts. The presented analysis is the first attempt to link albedo to national-scale forest climate policies. A policy with subsidies to forest owners that generate carbon sequestration and taxes levied on carbon emissions leads to a reduced forest harvest. However, including albedo in the policy alongside carbon fluxes yields very different results, causing initial harvest levels to increase substantially. The inclusion of albedo impacts will make harvests more beneficial for climate change mitigation as compared to a carbon-only policy. Hence, it is likely that carbon policies that ignore albedo will not lead to optimal forest management for climate change mitigation.  相似文献   

Intercomparison of Surface Radiative Fluxes in the Arctic Ocean          下载免费PDF全文

SHI Xiao-Xu  LIU Ji-Ping 《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(6):434-439

Recent satellite data analysis has provided improved data sets relevant to the surface energy budget in the Arctic Ocean. In this paper, surface radiation properties in the Arctic Ocean obtained from the Surface Radiation Budget（SRB3.0） and the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project（ISCCP-FD） during 1984– 2007 are analyzed and compared. Our analysis suggests that these datasets show encouraging agreement in basin-wide averaged seasonal cycle and spatial distribution of surface albedo; net surface shortwave and all-wave radiative fluxes; and shortwave, longwave, and all-wave cloud radiative forcings. However, a systematic large discrepancy is detected for the net surface longwave radiative flux between the two data sets at a magnitude of ~ 23 W m–2, which is primarily attributed to significant differences in surface temperature, particularly from April to June. Moreover, the largest difference in surface shortwave and all-wave cloud radiative forcings between the two data sets is apparent in early June at a magnitude of 30 W m–2.  相似文献   

Improved Parameterization of Snow Albedo in WRF + Noah: Methodology Based on a Severe Snow Event on the Tibetan Plateau     

Lian LIU  Massimo MENENTI  Yaoming MA  Weiqiang MA 《大气科学进展》2022,39(7):1079-1102

Snowfall and the subsequent evolution of the snowpack have a large effect on the surface energy balance and water cycle of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The effects of snow cover can be represented by the WRF coupled with a land surface scheme. The widely used Noah scheme is computationally efficient, but its poor representation of albedo needs considerable improvement. In this study, an improved albedo scheme is developed using a satellite-retrieved albedo that takes snow depth and age into account. Numerical experiments were then conducted to simulate a severe snow event in March 2017. The performance of the coupled WRF/Noah model, which implemented the improved albedo scheme, is compared against the model’s performance using the default Noah albedo scheme and against the coupled WRF/CLM that applied CLM albedo scheme. When the improved albedo scheme is implemented, the albedo overestimation in the southeastern TP is reduced, reducing the RMSE of the air temperature by 0.7°C. The improved albedo scheme also attains the highest correlation between the satellite-derived and the model-estimated albedo, which provides for a realistic representation of both the snow water equivalent (SWE) spatial distribution in the heavy snowbelt (SWE > 6 mm) and the maximum SWE in the eastern TP. The underestimated albedo in the coupled WRF/CLM leads to underestimating the regional maximum SWE and a consequent failure to estimate SWE in the heavy snowbelt accurately. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of improving the Noah albedo scheme and provides a theoretical reference for researchers aiming to improve albedo schemes further.  相似文献   

先验知识估算HJ-1 CCD数据地表反照率     

张虎  焦子锑  李小文  黄兴英  董亚冬 《遥感学报》2013,17(2):286-305

以黑河实验区为例, 基于HJ-1 CCD数据和中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS) 二向性反射(BRDF)和反照率产品的备用算法(算法Ⅰ), 贝叶斯原理的反照率反演算法(算法Ⅱ)和地表朗伯假设的算法(算法Ⅲ)成功估算了地表短波反照率。对反演结果进行分析并与地表观测数据进行比较, 结果表明: (1) 高分辨率的HJ-1卫星地表反照率不仅能够提供下垫面主要的空间分布特征, 还能提供地表细部结构;(2) 两种基于先验知识的地表反照率和MODIS产品接近, 绝对误差为0.01, 相对误差为4%, 而算法Ⅲ的绝对误差为0.03, 相对误差为13%; 算法Ⅰ和Ⅱ对反照率的改善对地表类型的依赖不明显, 相对误差集中在2%-8%, 反演结果对时相变化依赖较为显著, 在植被最茂盛的季节反照率改善作用明显优于凋谢季;(3) 算法Ⅰ和算法Ⅱ的结果与地表观测结果更为吻合, 均方根误差在0.05以内, 相对误差小于23%, 而算法Ⅲ的均方根误差为0.069, 相对误差为36.3%;(4) 先验知识的作用可能依赖于太阳和观测几何的相对位置, 因此可能依赖于季节和纬度的变化, 以及传感器的成像方式。该研究对缺乏多角度观测的星载传感器的反照率反演有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

基于NOAA/AVHRR数据的北极反照率反演及其变化研究     

王红燕  管磊  康立廷 《遥感学报》2013,17(3):541-552

极地海冰反照率直接影响极区的热收支,反照率的变化对地气系统热量收支平衡及气候变化等的研究具有重要意义。本文采用由美国国家海洋与大气管理局NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration)发射的NOAA卫星携带的先进的甚高分辨率辐射仪AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) Level-1B (L1B) 数据,经宽带反射率转换、各向异性校正、大气订正、云检测等处理,得到4 km宽带晴空地表反照率产品。将AVHRR反照率与北冰洋地表热收支SHEBA (Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean)实验数据进行印证,印证结果显示在冰雪冻结期二者平均偏差为-0.07,标准偏差为0.05。本文处理了2008年—2010年的AVHRR数据,结合第4次北极科学考察现场观测数据研究了北极冰面月平均反照率的变化,从降雪和冰脊两个方面分析了反照率的变化,结果显示反照率在冰雪融化过程中变化约为0.3,变化较大且较为迅速,表面粗糙的多年冰海域和较为平滑的一年冰海域的反照率在雪融化时期变化约为0.2且变化相对缓慢。研究结果表明,由冰雪融化引起的反照率变化较为快速且幅度较大,是引起北极反照率变化的主导因素。  相似文献   

棉花和大豆等效散射反照率估算   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

柴琳娜  张立新  施建成  吴凤敏 《遥感学报》2013,17(1):17-33

本文以棉花和大豆为例,基于车载多频率微波辐射计的观测数据,利用最小二乘原理实现对两种典型农作物等效散射反照率的估算,研究了植被层等效散射反照率随观测角度、频率以及植被浓密程度的变化规律,对不同覆盖度情况下植被层的等效散射反照率进行了定性的分析。这一研究结果在以零阶模型为基础进行地表参数反演时,对于植被层等效散射反照率的确定具有重要的理论参考价值。  相似文献