青藏高原积雪的分布特征及其对地面反照率的影响   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7  

韦志刚  吕世华 《高原气象》1995,14(1):67-73

通过对１９８３年７月至１９９０年６月青藏高原主体５８个格点积雪资料进行ＥＯＦ分析发现，青藏高原主体积雪分布以西部兴都库什山脉。天山山脉以及南部喜马拉雅山脉为主；高原中部唐古拉山脉、北部昆仑山脉和东部巴颜喀拉山脉的积雪相对较少，青藏高原西部、南部的积雪变化与中部、北部和东部的积雪变化趋势存在反位相关系。另外，本文还对积雪对高原地面反照率的影响作了简单分析。  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETATION COVER,ROUGHNESS AND ALBEDO DISTRIBUTION OVER CHINA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张正秋  周秀骥  李维亮  徐兴奎 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2001,(1)

To build land surface dataset for climate model,with application of remote sensing techniqueas well as the Geographic Information System(GIS),the data of surface type,roughness andalbedo over China in 1997 were retrieved,resolutions being 10 km×10 km.Based on these data,an analysis is conducted on the geographic distributions and seasonal variations of surfacevegetation cover and roughness as well as albedo over China.Results show that surface vegetationcover is mainly located to the south of Yangtze River,in Southwest and Northeast China andsparse vegetation cover is in the Northwest.The variation of land surface cover affects thevariations of land surface roughness and albedo.High albedo occurred in the north of XinjiangAutonomous Region,the north of Northeast China and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in winter,incorrespondence with the location of snow cover.For most part of China,surface roughness decreases and albedo increases in winter,while theroughness increases and the albedo decreases in summer,which could mainly result from landsurface cover(snow cover and vegetation cover)and soil moisture changes.This shows that thegeographic distribution and seasonal variation of the albedo are almost opposite to those of theroughness,in agreement with theoretical results.Temporally,the amplitude of surface roughnesschange is quite small in comparison with the roughness itself.  相似文献   

CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETATION COVER, ROUGHNESS AND ALBEDO DISTRIBUTION OVER CHINA^*          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Zhengqiu  ZHOU Xiuji  LI Weiliang  XU Xingkui 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2001,15(1):86-94

To build land surface dataset for climate model,with application of remote sensing technique as well as the Geographic Information System(GIS),the data of surface type,roughness and albedo over China in 1997 were retrieved,resolutions being 10 km×10 km.Based on these data,an analysis is conducted on the geographic distributions and seasonal variations of surface vegetation cover and roughness as well as albedo over China.Results show that surface vegetation cover is mainly located to the south of Yangtze River,in Southwest and Northeast China andsparse vegetation cover is in the Northwest.The variation of land surface cover affects the variations of land surface roughness and albedo.High albedo occurred in the north of Xinjiang Autonomous Region,the north of Northeast China and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in winter,in correspondence with the location of snow cover.For most part of China,surface roughness decreases and albedo increases in winter,while the roughness increases and the albedo decreases in summer,which could mainly result from land surface cover(snow cover and vegetation cover)and soil moisture changes.This shows that the geographic distribution and seasonal variation of the albedo are almost opposite to those of the roughness,in agreement with theoretical results.Temporally,the amplitude of surface roughness change is quite small in comparison with the roughness itself.  相似文献   

青藏高原地表反照率计算研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

方宗义  刘玉洁  林曼筠 《气象学报》1996,54(5):580-589

根据改进的甚高分辨率扫描辐射仪（ＡＶＨＲＲ）５个观测波段的光谱特征，经多次试验，设计了一组从卫星观测的地－气系统的辐射测值中提取晴空资料的多通道门槛值判识法和提取月平均反照率的合成法；并对１９９２年ＮＯＡＡ－１２卫星获取的ＡＶＨＲＲ资料进行计算处理，分析提取晴空数据，在此基础上按卫星轨道覆盖周期合成计算得到的晴空行星反照率和地表反照率，并且计算了逐月的地表反照率。对计算结果做了初步分析和认真比较。  相似文献   

兰州冬季气溶胶光学特性的参数化   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  

田文寿  陈长和 《大气科学》1996,20(2):235-242

兰州冬季气溶胶的谱分布用双谱模式拟合，即Junge谱加Deirmendjian谱；气溶胶的平均折射率为1.549-0.1i；气溶胶浓度随高度的分布根据天气条件取为高斯、均匀、指数分布三种类型。以此为基础，计算出兰州冬季气溶胶光学厚度的平均值。 经实测的气溶胶光学厚度与本文的计算值比较后发现，我们的参数化方案基本上是成功的。  相似文献   

近年来我国地面反射率的若干重要特征     

李国平  陈仲林 《地理科学》1996,16(1):46-50

本文利用１９８６－１９９０年我国１４个具有地理、气候代表性的日射观测的实测资料，分析了我国地面反射率的若干最新特征，为认识和研究我国地理和气候变化提供了某些依据。  相似文献   

用NCEP／NCAR再分析辐射资料估算月平均地表反照率   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15  

张琼  钱永甫 《地理学报》1999,54(4):309-317

本文利用１９７９年￣１９９５年１７年平均的ＮＣＥＰ／ＮＣＡＲ（Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｃｅｎｔｅｒ ｆｏｒ Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎ－ｔａｌ Ｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎ／Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｃｅｎｔｅｒ ｆｏｒ Ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃ Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ,美国国家环境预报中心／美国国家大气研究中心）再分析辐射资料估算了全球月平均地表反照率．从所得结果的时空分布来看,用ＮＣＥＰ／ＮＣＡＲ辐射资料得到的全球地表反照率基本  相似文献   

Using unmanned underwater vehicles as research platforms in coastal ocean studies     

Kendall L.Carder  David K.Costello 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2):211-217

The advantages of using unmanned underwater vehicles in coastal ocean studies are emphasized. Two types of representative vehicles, remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) from University of South Florida, are discussed. Two individual modular sensor packages designed and tested for these platforms and field measurement results are also presented. The bottom classification and albedo package, BCAP, provides fast and accurate estimates of bottom albedos, along with other parameters such as in-water remote sensing reflectance. The real-time ocean bottom optical topographer, ROBOT, reveals high-resolution 3-dimentional bottom topography for target identification. Field data and results from recent Coastal Benthic Optical Properties field campaign, 1999 and 2000, are presented. Advantages and limitations of these vehicles and applications of modular sensor packages are compared and discussed.  相似文献   

植被的微波散射与吸收特征     

张钟军  施建成  栾金哲 《遥感学报》2006,10(4):537-541

被动微波遥感中大尺度像元内植被种类多种多样并且分布不均匀，较低频率下像元尺度内的植被影响可以根据单个散射体的散射与衰减特性获得。本文讨论了任意朝向的各类植被散射体的计算问题。其中叶片和针叶的散射采用了一般化Rayleigh-Gans计算；杆的散射采用了无限长近似理论。关于各类散射体的衰减，本文比较了散射系数和吸收系数之和，与前向散射定理的结果，并对前向定理的适用性进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Application of ensemble kalman filter to geophysical parameters retrieval in remote sensing:A case study of kernel-driven BRDF model inversion   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

QIN Jun  YAN Guangjian  LIU Shaomin  LIANG Shunlin  ZHANG Hao  WANG Jindi  LI Xiaowen 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(6):632-640

Remote sensing can provide multi-spatial resolution, multi-temporal resolution multi-spectral band and multi-angular data for the observation of land surface. At present, one of research focuses is how to make the best of these data to retrieve geophysical parameters in conjunction with their a priori knowledge and simul-taneously consider the influence of data uncertainties on inversion results[1-5]. The essence of remote sensing lies in inversion. It is difficult to precisely retrieve parame…  相似文献