Each fisherman is different: Taking the environmental perception of small-scale fishermen into account to manage marine protected areas     

《Marine Policy》2015

One of the reasons for the failure of some Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is the lack of respect for their boundaries and regulations, which intensifies the need to assess the attitudes of stakeholders affected by MPAs. To this end, it is necessary to know the perception and behavior of resource users in these areas in relation to the management process. This study addressed the perception of different groups of fishermen in three MPAs that allow sustainable use of resources on the Brazilian northeastern coast. The perception analysis was based on four aspects: biodiversity conservation, flexibility and adaptability of fishermen, participation in management and opinions about the MPA. The interviewed fishermen (n=100) were classified into natives or immigrants,≥than 40 years old or <40, predominant use of selective or nonselective fishing gear and part or full time fishermen. The results showed that younger fishermen and the ones who use selective fishing gear presented a more conservation prone perception; nonselective fishermen and part-time fishermen were more flexible and adaptable to changes; and younger fishermen tended to agree more with the establishment of the MPAs. Taking these differences in perceptions among fishermen into account could serve as a basis for improvements in the management and conservation of fishing resources, besides helping predict possible future behavior due to changes in management policies.  相似文献   

Processes Leading to Second-Year Cooling of the 2010-12 La Ni(n)a Event,Diagnosed Using GODAS     

FENG Licheng  ZHANG Rong-Hua  WANG Zhanggui  CHEN Xingrong 《大气科学进展》2015,32(3)

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Trophic ecology of Pomatoschistus microps within an intertidal bay (Roscoff,France), investigated through gut content and stable isotope analyses     

Jean‐Charles Leclerc  Pascal Riera  Laure M.‐L. J. Noël  Cédric Leroux  Ann C. Andersen 《Marine Ecology》2014,35(2):261-270

The diet of Pomatoschistus microps has been studied using both gut content and stable isotope analyses. In the Roscoff Aber Bay (Brittany, France), this fish is commonly found on sandy muddy intertidal flats. Gut content analyses were also interpreted using trophic indices. Owing to the large diversity of prey consumed, these indices emphasised the opportunistic feeding behaviour of P. microps. Here, this species fed mainly on endofauna with meiofauna being of high relative importance. The main biotic components of its trophic habitat, characterized by δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N, provided evidence of a major trophic pathway based on drift Enteromorpha sp. Trophic positions estimated by both diet analyses and isotopic analyses led to similar results. In this bay, P. microps is a first‐order predator with a low degree of omnivory. Despite a preferential consumption of the amphipod Corophium arenarium, we assumed that this goby behaves as a generalist feeding on a uniform variety of endofauna taxa.  相似文献   

Microchemical Characterization of Natural Gold and Copper Alloys from the Ancient Um Shashoba Gold Mine,South Egypt     

Mohamed Abdallah Gad DARWISH 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(1):196-212

The SEM-EDX technique was applied to investigate Au, and Cu＋Sn alloyed grains in the mineralization of the Um Shashoba mine for achieving further understanding of occurrences, internal structures and microchemistry of Au and Cu alloys and associated minerals, and mineralization type. This study is aiming at the genetic history of ore-bearing fluid events, geochemical evaluation and exploration significance. The results showed that the mineralization could be considered as a single major episode generated by metamorphic mesothermal solution rich in sulfides and unsaturated respect to Au. It was differentiated into many stages; started with formation of auriferous pyrite that was pseudomorphed by secondary hematite, limonite and goethite. Three phases of Au alloy were precipitated, and Cu＋Sn and Ag-rich alloys were produced respectively and followed by deposition of two generations of barren pyrite. Calcite and ankerite were crystalized, surrounded and partially replaced some of early formed minerals. Finally, barren muscovite recrystallized around and inside both later formed carbonate minerals that were free of any sign of Au in their structures. The processes of deformation, recrystallization, annealing, dissolution, remobilization and re-precipitation played the most important roles in the genetic history of the mineralization.  相似文献   

IMU/DGPS辅助空三下几种布点方案的精度比较     

荣幸 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(5):198-199

主要介绍了在IMU/DGPS辅助空三的情况下,通过对不同的布点方案进行空三加密,对这些空三成果进行精度比较与分析,分析POS辅助空三在无地面控制点或少量的地面控制点的情况下能获得怎样的精度,能满足多大比例尺的成图要求。  相似文献   

Extraterrestrial samples from low Earth orbits: techniques for their collection and analysis     

J Borg 《Planetary and Space Science》2002,50(9):889-894

In the context of dust samples collections in space, the COMET experiment (Collecte en Orbite de Matière ExtraTerrestre) was proposed for the first time in 1982. The idea of such an experiment was to collect grains with identified cometary parent body, instead of mixing all extraterrestrial contributions present in low Earth orbit. It was thus proposed to install collectors inside hermetic boxes, to have these boxes mounted outside a space station, orbiting the Earth and to have the capability of choosing the time and duration of the collection. Since 1985, the COMET experiment has been exposed three times to space (COMET-1, in October 1985 during the encounter of the Earth with the Draconid meteor stream; the EUROMIR-95 instrument, exposing collectors, during the crossing by the Earth of the Orionid meteor stream associated to comet P/Halley and, in November 1998, during the crossing by the Earth of the Leonid meteor stream associated to comet Temple-Tuttle, COMET-99). Specific collection techniques, and corresponding analytical procedures have been developed. The collected particles are the only ones accessible in the laboratory with a known cometary origin, before the return to Earth (2006) of the Stardust mission, which will collect cometary grains in the tails of comet Wild 2. Such a challenge justifies the tremendous efforts brought into play, and that are summarized here.  相似文献   

基于灰关联分析方法卡尔曼滤波器的精度效能评估     

徐建中  李雪  陈明浩  张博 《海洋测绘》2009,29(2):42-44

针对综导系统卡尔曼滤波器的特点，深入研究了灰关联分析法在滤波器精度效能评估中的应用。给出卡尔曼滤波器进行灰关联分析的方法和步骤，并对某一类型的滤波器进行精度效能评估。仿真结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

Relative sea‐level observations in western Scotland since the Last Glacial Maximum for testing models of glacial isostatic land movements and ice‐sheet reconstructions     

Ian Shennan  Sarah Hamilton  Caroline Hillier  Amanda Hunter  Ruth Woodall  Sarah Bradley  Glenn Milne  Anthony Brooks  Sophie Bassett 《第四纪科学杂志》2006,21(6):601-613

Observations of relative sea‐level change and local deglaciation in western Scotland provide critical constraints for modelling glacio‐isostatic rebound in northern Britain over the last 18 000 years. The longest records come from Skye, Arisaig and Knapdale with a shorter, Holocene, record from Kintail. Biostratigraphic (diatom, pollen, dinoflagellate, foraminifera and thecamoebian), lithological and radiocarbon analyses provide age and elevation parameters for each sea‐level index point. All four sites reveal relative sea‐level change that is highly non‐monotonic in time as the local vertical component of glacio‐isostatic rebound and eustasy (or global meltwater influx) dominate at different periods. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

活动星系核统一模式的统计检验     

洪晓瑜  万同山 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1995,(2)

本文对视超光速源样本的有关数据进行统计分析，检验活动星系核统一模式。给出各类视超光速源的Ｒ（核光度与扩展区光度之比）分布和喷流与视线的平均夹角　。分析源样本的Ｒ、洛伦兹因子ｒ、喷流的投影尺度ｄ和线性尺度ｌ间的关系，发现Ｒ和ｄ之间存在反相关、ｒ和ｌ之间存在相关的特性，这些结果有利于说明活动星系核统一模式的取向效应。  相似文献   

Foraminifera from the Irish Sea glacigenic deposits at Aberdaron,western Lleyn,North Wales: Palaeoenvironmental implications     

William E. N. Austin  Danny McCarroll 《第四纪科学杂志》1992,7(4):311-317

In a sequence of glacigenic sediments at Aberdaron, Foraminifera were obtained from samples located specifically in order to differentiate between opposing models of depositional environment. All the diamict samples yielded remarkably uniform assemblages, with similar numbers of benthic specimens and benthic species per unit weight of sediment, similar planktic : benthic ratios, and similar ratios of clearly allochthonous to possibly autochthonous elements. This is precisely as predicted by the terrestrial model of sedimentation, where all of the sediments are interpreted as being derived from the melting of glacier ice rich in marine debris entrained during passage along the Irish Sea Basin. The results lend no support to a glacial marine model, since no faunal responses to increasingly distal sedimentary environments are observed. However, the fauna is dominated by the Foraminifera Elphidium excavatum (Terquem) forma clavata Cushman, which is commonly assumed to indicate glacial marine conditions. The modern distribution of similar assemblages suggests that it is just as likely to represent the cold, reduced salinity conditions that would have prevailed in the northern Irish Sea Basin for much of the Quaternary.  相似文献