Evolution of continental crust of the Aravalli craton,NW India,during the Neoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic: evidence from geochemistry of granitoids     

M. Sayad Rahaman 《International Geology Review》2015,57(11-12):1510-1525

Neoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic granitoids of the Aravalli craton, represented by four plutons with different ages, viz. Gingla (2.6–2.4 Ga), Ahar River (2562 Ma), Untala (2505 Ma), and Berach (2440 Ma) granitoids, are classified into three suites: TTG-like, Sanukitoid, and High-K Granitoid suite, all exhibiting negative Nb and Ti anomalies. The TTG-like suite is characterized by high contents of SiO₂, Na₂O, and LREEs, high (La/Yb)_N, low contents of K₂O, MgO, Cr, and Ni, and low (Dy/Yb)_N, suggesting that this suite formed by partial melting of a subducted basaltic slab without interacting with a mantle wedge. In contrast, the calc-alkaline Sanukitoid suite is marked by a high content of LILEs and mantle-compatible elements, which indicate that this suite formed by partial melting of a slab-fluid metasomatized mantle wedge in a subduction-related arc environment. On the other hand, the High-K Granitoid suite is characterized by high contents of SiO₂ and K₂O, and low contents of Na₂O, MgO, Cr, and Ni with variable Eu anomaly, along with high (La/Sm)_N and (La/Yb)_N, and low (Dy/Yb)_N and Nb/Th. Some high-K granitoids also exhibit A-type characteristics. These features indicate that the High-K Granitoid suite formed by melting of crustal rocks. Early Neoarchaean continental crust formation reflected a slab-melting-dominated magmatic process as evidenced by the TTG-like suite, whereas Palaeoproterozoic petrogenesis was governed by the interaction of slab melt with mantle wedge as demonstrated by the Sanukitoid suite. The High-K Granitoid suite formed during the waning stages of subduction. This study reveals that granitic rocks of the Aravalli craton evolved from slab melting in the Neoarchaean to melting of mantle wedge in the Palaeoproterozoic. Melting of older crust led to the formation of the High-K Granitoid suite.  相似文献   

Depositional system and palaeoclimatic interpretations of Middle to Late Pleistocene travertines: Kocabaş, Denizli,south‐west Turkey          下载免费PDF全文

Ezher Toker  Mine Sezgül Kayseri‐Özer  Mehmet Özkul  Sándor Kele 《Sedimentology》2015,62(5):1360-1383

Travertine deposits in western Turkey are very well‐exposed in the area of Kocaba?, in the eastern part of the Denizli Basin. The palaeoclimatic significance of these travertines is discussed using U/Th dates, stable isotope data and palynological evidence. The Kocaba? travertine occurrences are characterized by successions of depositional terraces associated with palaeosols and karstic features. The travertines have been classified into eight lithotypes and one erosional horizon, namely: laminated, coated bubble, reed, paper‐thin raft, intraclasts, micritic travertine with gastropods, extra‐formational pebbles and a palaeosol layer. The analysed travertines mostly formed between 181 ka and 80 ka (Middle to Late Pleistocene) during a series of climatic changes including glacial and interglacial intervals; their δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values indicate that the depositional waters were mainly of basinal thermal origin, occasionally mixed with surficial meteoric water. Palynological results obtained from the palaeosols showed an abundance of non‐arboreal percentage and xerophytic plants (Oleaceae and Quercus evergreen type) indicating that a drought occurred. Marine Isotope Stage 6 is represented by grassland species but Marine Isotope Stage 5 is represented by Pinaceae–Pinus and Abies, Quercus and Oleaceae. Uranium/thorium analyses of the Kocaba? travertines show that deposition began in Marine Isotope Stage 6 (glacial) and continued to Marine Isotope Stage 4 (glacial), but mostly occurred in Marine Isotope Stage 5 (interglacial). The travertine deposition continued to ca 80 ka in the south‐west of the study area, in one particular depression depositional system. Palaeoenvironmental indicators suggest that the travertine depositional evolution was probably controlled by fault‐related movements that influenced groundwater flow. Good correlation of the stable isotope values and dates of deposition of the travertines and palynological data of palaeosols in the Kocaba? travertines serve as a starting point for further palaeoclimate studies in south‐west Turkey. Additionally, the study can be compared with other regional palaeoclimate archives.  相似文献   

中亚天山—帕米尔地区成矿地质背景   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李宝强  孟广路  曹新  曹积飞  范堡程  王斌 《地质通报》2015,34(4):686-695

中亚天山—帕米尔地区地处亚欧大陆腹地,跨古亚洲、特提斯两大全球性构造域,是哈萨克斯坦—准噶尔、卡拉库姆—塔里木、中伊朗—冈底斯、印度四大古板块的结合部位,地质构造复杂,矿产资源丰富。自中新太古代(或古元古代)以来分为5大演化阶段:1太古宙—古元古代演化阶段,本区古陆可能是组成Pangea-Ⅳ泛大陆的一部分;2长城纪—青白口纪泛大陆裂解事件导致了西昆仑地区第一次大规模的成矿作用,新元古代超大陆汇聚形成阶段,中天山地区广泛沉积了一套文德系含炭质岩系,形成金的矿源层,为后期大规模金的成矿作用提供了物质基础;3新元古代超大陆裂解及古亚洲洋—原特提斯洋演化阶段,岩浆活动强烈深部壳幔物质交换频繁,尤其是晚泥盆世—早中二叠世碰撞后伸展期,是区内最重要的成矿期;4研究区工作程度低(部分地区为空白区),特提斯洋演化阶段矿床发现较少,但找矿潜力巨大;5欧亚大陆形成后的后造山阶段,伴随着造山带强烈的挤压、褶皱、抬升、走滑、推覆等构造活动,岩浆作用十分发育,形成了一系列与韧性剪切构造有关的金矿化,以及与中酸性岩浆热液活动有关的铁、铜、多金属、锂铍(铌钽)、钨、锡、钼等矿产。  相似文献   

A study of the kinematics of unusually H I‐rich galaxies     

M. den Heijer  G. I. G. Jzsa  J. Kerp  P. Serra  Th. van der Hulst  G. Kauffmann  J. Wang  F. Bigiel  J. Brinchmann  D. Carton  D. Cormier  M.‐L. Huang 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2015,336(3):284-311

We examine the H I kinematics of the “Bluedisk” ensemble of 48 galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and observed in H I with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. The sample consists of 25 galaxies with a high H I mass fraction and a comparatively large control sample comprising 23 galaxies of comparable stellar mass, stellar mass surface density, redshift, and inclination. By studying the H I velocity fields of these galaxies, we investigate whether there are signatures of ongoing gas accretion: i.e. global asymmetries and indications for warping and kinematical lopsidedness. We find no enhanced kinematical asymmetries between the H I‐rich sample and the control sample galaxies, indicating no significant difference in kinematical signatures such as warping and lopsidedness. Furthermore, we find no difference in position angle and systemic velocity offset with respect to the optical between both sub‐samples. We therefore do not find compelling evidence for enhanced global asymmetry of the H I‐excess galaxies ensemble properties in comparison to the control sample galaxies. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

低层偏南气流对一次暴雨过程的动力作用分析和数值模拟   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

肖递祥  肖丹  周长春  周春花  谌贵珣 《气象》2013,39(3):281-290

利用常规观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,对2010年7月22-25日四川盆地西部出现的一次暴雨过程进行了诊断分析.结果表明:暴雨出现在对流层低层南海至四川盆地一直维持偏南气流的环流背景下,暴雨与这支偏南气流的风速演变密切相关,降雨强度随南风气流的增强而增强,南风气流增强所形成的风速辐合及正涡度平流是暴雨的主要动力触发因子,暴雨与低层辐合和正涡度平流区域有很好的对应关系.WRF数值模拟试验进一步表明:850 hPa层3h风速演变对中尺度对流系统的发展具有很好的指示意义,在3h风速增大区域的下风方,未来3h对流云团将迅速发展;盆地西部形成的气流辐合与其西侧的高原地形密切相关.  相似文献   

利用WRF-Chem模拟研究京津冀地区夏季大气污染物的分布和演变   总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5  

庞杨  韩志伟  朱彬  李嘉伟 《南京气象学院学报》2013,(6):674-682

应用WRF—Chem（Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry）模式模拟研究了2007年8月京津冀地区近地面O3、NO2、PM2.5浓度的时空变化特征,将模拟结果与观测数据进行详细对比,结果表明,模式可以较好地模拟O3、PM2.5,浓度的空间分布和时间变化特征,成功再现了8月33和PM2.5的几次积累增加过程,其中O,的模拟值与观测值的相关系数为0．69～0．86,PM2.5的相关系数为0．44～0．49,但模式对NO2的模拟相对较差,相关系数为0．27～0．43。北京、天津地区为O3月均低值区,月均体积浓度约30×10^-9,渤海及京津冀以西地区O3月平均体积浓度可达60×10^-9;PM2,呈现南高北低的分布特征,变化范围为120～240μg／m3。14时月平均03体积浓度在北京、天津地区低于周边地区,约为60×10^-9;而PM2.5质量浓度在环渤海地区和河北南部较高,为100～120μg/m^3。8月17日北京出现一次典型的高浓度O,污染事件,14时北京地区温度达到33℃,O3体积浓度为80×10^-9～110×10^-9。在局地排放、化学反应和外来输送的共同作用下,渤海西岸和北岸PM2.5的质量浓度超过120μg／m3,其中二次气溶胶质量浓度为50～100μg／m3,一次排放人为气溶胶质量浓度为10～20μg／m3,海盐质量浓度为1～7μg／m3,二次气溶胶是该地区PM2.5的主要贡献者。  相似文献   

TRMM-retrieved Cloud Structure and Evolution of MCSs over the Northern South China Sea and Impacts of CAPE and Vertical Wind Shear     

LI Xiangshu  GUO Xueliang  FU Danhong 《大气科学进展》2013,30(1):77-88

Cloud structure and evolution of Mesoscale Convective Systems(MCSs) retrieved from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Microwave Imager(TRMM TMI) and Precipitation Radar(PR) were investigated and compared with some pioneer studies based on soundings and models over the northern South China Sea(SCS).The impacts of Convective Available Potential Energy(CAPE) and environmental vertical wind shear on MCSs were also explored.The main features of MCSs over the SCS were captured well by both TRMM PR and TMI.However,the PR-retrieved surface rainfall in May was less than that in June,and the reverse for TMI.TRMM-retrieved rainfall amounts were generally consistent with those estimated from sounding and models.However,rainfall amounts from sounding-based and PR-based estimates were relatively higher than those retrieved from TRMM-TMI data.The Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) modeling simulation underestimated the maximum rain rate by 22% compared to that derived from TRMM-PR,and underestimated mean rainfall by 10.4% compared to the TRMM-TMI estimate,and by 12.5% compared to the sounding-based estimate.The warm microphysical processes modeled from both the WRF and the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble(GCE) models were quite close to those based on TMI,but the ice water contents in the models were relatively less compared to that derived from TMI.The CAPE and wind shear induced by the monsoon circulation were found to play critical roles in maintaining and developing the intense convective clouds over SCS.The latent heating rate increased more than twofold during the monsoon period and provided favorable conditions for the upward transportation of energy from the ocean,giving rise to the possibility of inducing large-scale interactions.  相似文献   

A simple way to classify supermassive black holes     

A. Feoli 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2014,335(2):193-197

We propose a classification of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) based on their efficiency in the conversion of infalling mass in emitted radiation. We use a theoretical model that assumes a conservation of angular momentum between the gas falling inside the hole and the photons emitted outwards, and suggests the existence of the scaling relation M_•‐R_eσ³, where M_• is the mass of the central SMBH, whereas R_e and σ are the effective radius and velocity dispersion of the host galaxies (bulges), respectively. We apply our model on a data set of 57 galaxies of different morphological types and with M_• measurements, obtained through the analysis of Spitzer /IRAC 3.6‐µ m images. In order to find the best fit of the corresponding scaling law, we use the FITEXY routine to perform a least‐squares regression of M_• on R_eσ³ for the considered sample of galaxies. Our analysis shows that the relation is tight and our theoretical model allows to easily estimate the efficiency of mass conversion into radiation of the central SMBHs. Finally we propose a new appealing way to classify the SMBHs in terms of this parameter. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

Double-detonation model of type Ia supernovae with a variable helium layer ignition mass     

Wei-Hong Zhou  Bo Wang  Gang Zhao 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(9)

Although Type Ia supernovae(SNe Ia) play an important role in the study of cosmology, their progenitors are still poorly understood. Thermonuclear explosions from the helium double-detonation sub-Chandrasekhar mass model have been considered as an alternative method for producing SNe Ia. By adopting the assumption that a double detonation occurs when a He layer with a critical ignition mass accumulates on the surface of a carbon–oxygen white dwarf(CO WD), we perform detailed binary evolution calculations for the He double-detonation model, in which a He layer from a He star accumulates on a CO WD. According to these calculations, we obtain the initial parameter spaces for SNe Ia in the orbital period and secondary mass plane for various initial WD masses. We implement these results into a detailed binary population synthesis approach to calculate SN Ia birthrates and delay times. From this model,the SN Ia birthrate in our Galaxy is ～0.4- 1.6 × 10-3yr-1. This indicates that the double-detonation model only produces part of the SNe Ia. The delay times from this model are ～ 70- 710 Myr, which contribute to the young population of SNe Ia in the observations. We found that the CO WD + sdB star system CD-30 11223 could produce an SN Ia via the double-detonation model in its future evolution.  相似文献   

Luminosity functions for galaxies and quasars in the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic Legacy Survey     

T. S. R. Babbedge  M. Rowan-Robinson  M. Vaccari  J. A. Surace  C. J. Lonsdale  D. L. Clements  F. Fang  D. Farrah  A. Franceschini  E. Gonzalez-Solares  E. Hatziminaoglou  C. G. Lacey  S. Oliver  N. Onyett  I. Pérez-Fournon  M. Polletta  F. Pozzi  G. Rodighiero  D. L. Shupe  B. Siana  H. E. Smith 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,370(3):1159-1180

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