中国海洋交通运输业碳排放效率测度及影响因素分析     

董梦如  韩增林  郭建科 《海洋通报》2020,39(2):169-177

海洋交通运输业碳排放研究对制定行之有效的低碳海洋交通政策具有重要意义。本文首先对2006—2015年中国沿海11个省(区、市)的海洋交通运输业碳排放量进行估算,然后运用超效率SBM模型对碳排放效率进行测度,最后运用Tobit模型探究碳排放效率的影响因素。结果表明:①中国海洋交通运输业碳排放效率整体上处于低效率状态,且各省(区、市)间差异明显,但差异正在逐渐缩小。②2006—2015年沿海各省(区、市)市海洋交通运输业碳排放效率变动呈现出“M”形波动上升趋势。③将各省(区、市)海洋交通运输业碳排放效率水平划分为不同类型,其中上海和天津属于高效率型,河北属于中效率型,其余省(区、市)市属于低效率型。④货运距离和能源结构对海洋交通运输业碳排放效率具有显著的正向作用,而能源强度对其具有显著的负向作用。  相似文献   

成山卫沙坝潟湖链的形成和近期演化     

王永红  庄振业  李从先  李学伦 《海洋学报》2001,23(2):86-92

山东荣成市成山头南侧发育了一条沙坝和一系列的湖 ,组成成山卫湖链 ,以面积最大的天鹅湖有关资料为主 ,运用粒度分析、软体动物鉴定、14 C测年等方法 ,对So5 ,Sh5 ,Sh1和Sh6孔岩心进行分析 ,揭示了该湖链的形成过程 :距今 70 0 0a左右 ,海水开始入侵 ,形成了荣成湾 ,距今 6 0 0 0a左右 ,沙坝和坝内的一系列半封闭湖形成 .根据沙坝层理的观测资料分析了湖形成后自然作用下的演化动态 ,并指出近年来由于人类活动加剧 ,严重影响了湖的演化过程  相似文献   

我国海水制盐工艺改革的设计研究     

周仲怀  徐丽君  于银亭  王建华  于廷芳  王继业  殷丽 《海洋科学》1997,21(6):43-46

从技术上和工艺上的可能性、可行性和合理性，论证了海水制盐工艺改革的必要性，并且提出了实现海水制盐工艺改革的各种设计方案。它对我国的海水制盐工业的发展将具有深远意义。  相似文献   

Symbiotic Relations of Sediment-Agglutinating Nematodes and Bacteria in Detrital Habitats: The Enzyme-Sharing Concept   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Franz Riemann  & Elisabeth Helmke 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(2):93-113

Abstract. A new concept (‘enzyme sharing’) concerning the interaction of marine nematodes and microbes in the degradation of sedimentary detritus is presented. Elements of this concept are (1) the notorious tendency of many aquatic nematodes to agglutinate detrital particles by mucus secretions, (2) new observations on the stimulation of microbial growth by nematodes in agar plates, and (3) literature data on limited endogenous proteolytic capacities of aquatic nematodes.
Observations on nematode‐microbe associations in agar plates prompted the conceptual synthesis. In agar medium without the addition of any nutrients a spectacular growth of bacteria was visible on the sinusoidal crawling trails of nematodes only 2 – 3 days after introduction of the worms (species of Adoncholaimus, Anoplostoma and Sabatieria). Juveniles of Anoplostoma that hatched in the agar cultures left their minute trails in the medium and these were rapidly occupied by bacteria. The nematodes repeatedly visited their bacterial trails, which persisted as a peculiar biotic structure for more than one year and survived the nematodes.
In sterile agar preparations containing the fluorogenic methylumbelliferyl‐β‐glucoside in the presence of the nematode Adoncholaimus, an enhanced fluorescence of the medium was visible, indicating β‐glucosidase activity. We therefore assume that oncholaimid nematodes discharge enzymes that alone, or in concert with microbial activities, contribute to the hydrolytic cleavage of refractory polysaccharides containing β‐glucosidic bonds such as agar components and cellulose. The sugars thus produced may then be taken up by the nematodes and concomitantly support the conspicuous growth of microbes. Since we did not observe any feeding of the nematodes on the associated microbes in agar plates, we question the nutritive potential of intact microbial cells for a number of nematodes abounding in detrital habitats, and call attention to the significance of ambient dissolved or adsorbed organic monomeric nutrients.
Consequently, we perceive the puzzling perpetual accretion of detrital organic particles to sediment agglutinations by nematodes as an adaptation for operating an ‘enzymatic reactor’ for the production of dissolved nutrients. We hypothesise a relationship of mutual commensalism of nematodes and heterotrophic microbes in detrital habitats and propose the term ‘enzyme sharing’ for this relationship. Both parties invest in a common enzyme pool that decomposes organic detritus for their nutrition. We present here evidence that nematodes contribute β‐glucosidase, which is involved in the cellulase system. Data from the literature suggest that microbial enzymatic processing of detrital proteins yields amino acids available to nematodes, which apparently have no efficient proteolytic enzyme system in their intestines.  相似文献   

建设青岛国家海洋高技术产业基地的战略研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘洪滨  刘康  焦桂英 《海洋科学》2006,30(12):65-71

海洋高技术产业作为21世纪的朝阳产业,其发展速度和前景明显优于其他高技术产业,成为西方发达国家推崇的主导产业。青岛市作为中国的海洋科学研究中心,应建成中国的海洋高技术产业基地。对建设青岛国家海洋高技术产业基地作了分析,提出了青岛市以发展海洋药物及功能食品、海洋天然产物和活性物质提取、海洋精细化工和海洋防腐、海洋水产品苗种培育及养殖、海洋工程设备及仪器仪表五大类海洋高技术产业基地的总体发展目标和战略对策。  相似文献   

科技进步与金属矿产资源供应——兼论我国可持续发展的资源基础     

王瑞廷  佘岳峰  任小华 《矿产与地质》2008,22(6):570-574

科技进步为金属矿产资源的勘查开发、获取供应提供理论指导和技术支持,并在很大程度上决定着地矿产业的可持续发展。在21世纪绿色矿业的崛起和新的循环经济模式下矿业文明的振兴更是离不开现代科学技术,二者相辅相成,这对巩固我国可持续发展的资源基础意义重大。对于我国的资源开发供应,资源保障是前提基础,科学技术是方法手段,环境效益是发展目标,三者应协同推进,不可偏废。  相似文献   

地理信息产业扩张阶段及应用分析     

景贵飞 《测绘软科学研究》2008,(2):11-16

根据产业经济学的观点,提出我国地理信息产业目前处于产业扩张阶段的观点,推动产业规模迅速扩大成为行业发展的主要目标。由于派生性特点,寻求地理信息的本源性需求是产业完成扩张的关键问题,利用地理信息反映的价格信息支持社会公众经济博弈活动将是地理信息巨大的本源性需求。本文建议在产业扩张阶段应当瞄准社会公众、探索对公众生活进行博弈支持的服务方式。  相似文献   

加强地理信息资源建设和开发利用的思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王晓国  刘亚东  王开宇 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(3)

地理信息资源的建设和开发利用在准确掌握国情国力、提高管理决策水平、管理社会公共事务、处理经济社会发展等重大问题中将发挥越来越重要的作用。本文在对发改委、测绘、国土、环境保护等部门进行调研的基础上,从我国地理信息的获取和利用现状、地理信息资源建设和开发利用政策法规的制定、产业发展以及国家安全等四个方面进行了研究,并提出了建议。  相似文献   

Modified Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method for Dynamic Data Integration Using Streamline Approach     

Yalchin Efendiev  Akhil Datta-Gupta  Xianlin Ma  Bani Mallick 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(2):213-232

In this paper, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach is used for sampling of the permeability field conditioned on the dynamic data. The novelty of the approach consists of using an approximation of the dynamic data based on streamline computations. The simulations using the streamline approach allows us to obtain analytical approximations in the small neighborhood of the previously computed dynamic data. Using this approximation, we employ a two-stage MCMC approach. In the first stage, the approximation of the dynamic data is used to modify the instrumental proposal distribution. The obtained chain correctly samples from the posterior distribution; the modified Markov chain converges to a steady state corresponding to the posterior distribution. Moreover, this approximation increases the acceptance rate, and reduces the computational time required for MCMC sampling. Numerical results are presented.  相似文献   

Markoff链在市场预测中的应用     

周俐麟 《华东地质学院学报》1996,19(1):96-100

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