Integrated approach to choosing suitable areas for the realization of productive wells in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa     

Giorgio Ghiglieri  Alberto Carletti 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(8):1357-1370

Abstract

Comprehensive geological, hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical investigations were carried out in the south of Hodh El Chargui (southeast Mauritania). Obtaining a hydrogeological conceptual model is crucial for groundwater resources development and management. This is especially true in developing countries and in the rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa. The chosen areas are represented by lithologies referring to a long geological time frame, dating from the Upper Neoproterozoic to the Quaternary age. We developed a methodology in order to identify sites that were suitable for the realization of productive, protected and correct wells to supply safe water to the rural community. A multicriteria approach to studying hydrogeology was used in the project area. In order to identify some main areas in which to carry out pilot interventions, criteria relating to water accessibility and availability, and to hydrogeological and water quality, were considered. Moreover, during the project, it was possible to transfer know-how and hand over responsibilities to the local population and bodies.

Citation Ghiglieri, G. & Carletti, A. (2010 Ghiglieri, G., Balia, R., Oggiano, G. and Pittalis, D. 2010. Prospecting for safe (low fluoride) groundwater in the Eastern African Rift: the Arumeru District (Northern Tanzania). Hydrol. Earth System Sci., 14: 1081–1091.  [Google Scholar]) Integrated approach to choosing suitable areas for the realization of productive wells in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Hydrol. Sci. J. 55(8), 1357–1370.  相似文献   

The poverty evolution of typical countries along the Belt and Road and implications from China’s poverty reduction experiences     

Shi  Linna  Wang  Yongsheng  Liu  Yansui  Li  Yuheng 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(3):458-476

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The world is facing a poverty crisis. Despite the great achievements that have been made in poverty alleviation over the past two decades, the extent of poverty...  相似文献   

LIFT去噪方法在低信噪比资料处理中的应用     

崔永福  吴国忱  郭念民  刘正文  赵锐锐 《物探化探计算技术》2014,(2):215-221

传统去噪一般都是通过各种方法将原始数据分离为有效信号和噪声,从而达到去噪目的,在去噪的过程中,忽略了信号保真的处理原则,在去掉噪声的同时有可能也损害了有效信号。这里从传统去噪方法存在的问题入手,通过对传统去噪方法的原理分析,研究了LIFT去噪技术。LIFT去噪的核心是首先建立信号模型,然后将原始地震信号和信号模型相减,求得剩余信号。通过对剩余信号进行针对性的去噪处理,去除剩余信号中存在的噪声,然后再与信号模型进行合并重构,得到新的具有高信噪比、高保真的地震信号。将该方法在低信噪比地震资料处理中进行了实例测试,取得了理想的应用效果。  相似文献   

Integrative Modeling and Strategic Planning for Regional Sustainability under Climate Change     

Wu Jianguo  He Chunyang  Zhang Qingyun  Yu Deyong  Huang Ganlin  Huang Qingxu 《地球科学进展》2014,29(12):1315-1324

Climate change and land use/land cover change have resulted in water shortage, degraded ecosystem services, and increased disaster risks across the world. Developing strategies and measures for achieving regional and global sustainability in the face of these environmental problems is a key topic of current climate change research. This paper provides an overview of the 973 project, entitled “Integrative Modeling and Strategic Planning for Regional Sustainability under Climate Change”, including its background, relative progresses, key scientific questions, major research elements, methodology, and expected outcomes. The proposed research is based on sustainability science, guided by the idea of Orderly Human Activities (OHA), and implemented through an integrated methodology of combining field observations, simulation experiments, and scenario analysis. The main objectives of the project are: to quantify the relationship between human activities and climate change, to assess the impacts of human activities on ecosystem services and human well being in the face of climate change, and to develop an integrated model of climate change, OHA, and regional sustainable development. The ultimate goal is to provide a landscape/regional-scale strategy for sustainable development in the face of climate change. The project is expected to help advance the science and application of landscape sustainability science and land system design, particularly in terms of linking climate change, ecosystem services, and human well-being in the dry land region of China.  相似文献   

海城市地下水保护对策及研究     

王琳 《地下水》2014,(6):19-20

地下水是工农业生产和人民生活的重要水源。近年来随着地下水大规模开发利用,地下水污染问题日益严重。它不仅破坏生态环境,影响工农业生产,而且还危害着人体健康。通过对辽宁省海城市地下水开发利用现状、地下水污染及地下水超采状况的研究分析,提出完善节水制度建设以及地下水污染防治对策,达到保护海城市地下水资源的目的。  相似文献   

香格里拉东坝多金属勘查区找矿前景分析     

王璐  邹磊  胡文君 《云南地质》2014,(2):237-239

通过总结香格里拉县东坝铜金多金属勘查区的地质特征,类比邻近东炉房矿区的地质特征及化探异常,两者在许多方面具有很多的相似性,所以认为东坝勘查区具有找矿的良好前景.  相似文献   

Marsh benthic Foraminifera response to estuarine hydrological balance driven by climate variability over the last 2000 yr (Minho estuary,NW Portugal)     

João Moreno  Francisco Fatela  Eduardo Leorri  José M. De la Rosa  Inês Pereira  M. Fátima Araújo  M. Conceição Freitas  D. Reide Corbett  Ana Medeiros 《Quaternary Research》2014

A high-resolution study of a marsh sedimentary sequence from the Minho estuary provides a new palaeoenvironmental reconstruction from NW Iberian based on geological proxies supported by historical and instrumental climatic records. A low-salinity tidal flat, dominated by Trochamminita salsa, Haplophragmoides spp. and Cribrostomoides spp., prevailed from AD 140–1360 (Roman Warm Period, Dark Ages, Medieval Climatic Anomaly). This sheltered environment was affected by high hydrodynamic episodes, marked by the increase in silt/clay ratio, decrease of organic matter, and poor and weakly preserved foraminiferal assemblages, suggesting enhanced river runoff. The establishment of low marsh began at AD 1380. This low-salinity environment, marked by colder and wet conditions, persisted from AD 1410–1770 (Little Ice Age), when foraminiferal density increased significantly. Haplophragmoides manilaensis and Trochamminita salsa mark the transition from low to high marsh at AD 1730. Since AD 1780 the abundances of salt marsh species (Jadammina macrescens, Trochammina inflata) increased, accompanied by a decrease in foraminiferal density, reflecting climate instability, when droughts alternate with severe floods. SW Europe marsh foraminifera respond to the hydrological balance, controlled by climatic variability modes (e.g., NAO) and solar activity, thus contributing to the understanding of NE Atlantic climate dynamics.  相似文献   

蒙其古尔地区赋铀层沉积特征及其与砂岩型铀矿的关系     

王勋  蔡煜琦  张占峰 《铀矿地质》2014,(2):93-99

笔者通过野外岩心观察、室内显微观察、钻孔和沉积剖面对比,以及沉积微相划分,综合分析了蒙其古尔地区赋铀层的砂体厚度和砂地比特征,绘制了沉积微相展布图。从岩石学和沉积相两个方面,讨论了区内赋铀层沉积特征与砂岩型铀矿的关系。  相似文献   

高斯过程回归辅助下的GPS干涉反射积雪深度估测     

贾秀丽 《测绘通报》2022,(7):78-82

本文对全球定位系统干涉反射技术进行了研究。以美国板块边界天文台计划提供的P101测站的GPS监测数据为基础,利用GPS卫星高度角低于某一角度时多路径效应明显的特点,构建高斯过程回归(GPR)辅助的GPS干涉反射积雪深度估测模型,并监测了测站周围的积雪深度。结果表明,GPR辅助的GPS干涉反射积雪深度估测模型输出的雪深估测值的精度,相比传统单星反演结果有不同程度的提高,并且更贴近实测雪深的变化,为地表雪深反演提供了新思路。  相似文献   

大陆坡脚确定原则与方法          下载免费PDF全文

方银霞  李家彪  尹洁  刘为勇  唐勇 《海洋学研究》2022,40(2):1-9

大陆坡脚是大陆边缘的一个重要地形特征,是沿海国扩展其大陆架权利和划定其200海里以外大陆架外部界限的基础,也是大陆架界限委员会审议沿海国划界案时特别关注的重要技术参数。《联合国海洋法公约》第76条大陆架制度的制定源于典型的被动大陆边缘。但由于全球大陆边缘的多样性和复杂性,特别是后期构造活动、沉积作用对大陆边缘的改造与影响,海底地形地貌异常复杂多变,导致大陆坡脚的识别非常困难。加上各沿海国为获得最大范围的外大陆架,对大陆坡脚的相关规定进行有利于自己的解释,使得大陆坡脚的确定成了外大陆架划界中一个颇具争议的热点问题。本文基于对《联合国海洋法公约》和《大陆架界限委员会科学和技术准则》对大陆坡脚的规定,结合不同类型大陆边缘的地质特征和各沿海国划界实践,对陆坡基部区的确定、坡度变化最大之点的选取以及相反证明规则的适用性等问题进行了探讨。  相似文献